scholarly journals Research on the duration of electrocardiogram components in pregnant goats

2022 ◽  
Vol 78 (03) ◽  
pp. 6625-2022
Author(s):  
MARIAN GHIȚĂ ◽  
IULIANA CODREANU ◽  
CARMEN PETCU ◽  
ADRIAN RĂDUȚĂ ◽  
DRAGOȘ POPESCU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Practice ◽  
Electric Activity ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Qrs Complex ◽  
T Wave ◽  
Main Components

The electrocardiogram is a graph recording of heart’s electric activity, so it is used in medical practice mainly in order to observe the heart’s activity. The values of the main components of the electrocardiogram in pregnant goats were determined within the current research. All of these were performed in three different stages of pregnancy (the beginning, the middle and the ending), being focused on the variation of these values during the pregnancy. The gestation diagnosis was confirmed by ultrasound-exam. During the pregnancy, the following values for the duration of the main ECG’s components were found: the P wave (0.045-0.044 s), the P-R segment (0.061-0.048 s), of the P-R range (0.105-0.086 s), of the QRS complex (0.042-0.040 s), of the Q-T range (0.242-0.218 s), of the P-T range (0.377-0.368 s), of the R-R range (0.465-0.431 s), the T wave (0.091-0.104 s) and of the T-P segment (0.097-0.101 s). Our results show that during the pregnancy the duration of: the P wave, the P-R segment, the P-R range, the QRS complex, the Q-T range, the P-T range and the R-R range, decrease, while the duration of the T wave and the T-P segment increase.

scholarly journals Research on the Values of Amplitudes of Electrocardiographic Waves Depending on Age in Kids

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Dragos Corneliu COTOR ◽  
Gabriel GAJAILA ◽  
Aurel DAMIAN ◽  
Ana Maria ZAGRAI ◽  
Carmen PETCU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Electric Activity ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Mechanical Activity ◽  
Qrs Complex ◽  
T Wave ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a graphical recording of the cardiac electric activity during cardiac revolutions. This bio-current triggers and maintains the mechanical activity of the heart. Within this research, the amplitudes values of the electrocardiographic waves were determined in 6 leads: I, II, III, aVL, aVR and aVF. Thus, some electrocardiograms were recorded using limb lead in clinically healthy kids, aged 1 month, 3 months and 5 months, in order to achieve the proposed objectives. Then, the statistical analysis of the obtained results was performed using t (student) test.As a consequence of the interpretation of the obtained results, it was noticed that the limb leads can be used successfully for recording the electrocardiogram in kids because it provides an easy aspect to interpret. The highest amplitude of the electrocardiographic waves is recorded in I lead, in the case of the 1 month old kids (having the following values: 0.115 mV ± 0.010 for P wave; 0.625 mV ± 0.078 for QRS complex; 0.460 mV ± 0.045 for T wave) and in II lead (having the following values for the 3 months old kids: 0.071 mV ± 0.015 for P wave; 0.540 mV ± 0.064 for QRS complex; 0.310 mV ± 0.052 for T wave and having the following values for the 5 months old kids: 0.071 mV ± 0.015 for P wave; 0.455 mV ± 0.028 for QRS complex; 0.430 mV ± 0.026 for T wave). It also found that the lowest amplitude of electrocardiographic waves is recorded in the aVF lead, but this lead cannot be used for ECG recording in kids.

scholarly journals Automated Detection of Depolarization and Repolarization of Cardiac Signal for Arrhythmia Classification

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (02) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Usha Kumari Chintalapati ◽  
Md. Aqeel Manzar ◽  
Tarun Varma N ◽  
Reethika A ◽  
Priya Samhitha B ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Qrs Complex ◽  
S Wave ◽  
S Waves ◽  
T Wave ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg

Irregular heartbeat results in heart diseases. Cardiac deaths are most seen across the globe. Detecting the heart problems in early stage can reduce the death rate. Electrocardiogram (ECG) is one of the most popular method for diagnosing different arrhythmias. Arrhythmia means irregular activity of heart or abnormal heart rhythm. In this paper, cardiac signal peaks P-wave, QRS complex and T-wave are detected for classifying the type of arrhythmia. These are the main components of ECG signal. P-wave is of very small duration, it is ex- plains about the atrial depolarization. The QRS complex may include combination of Q-wave, R-wave, and S-wave. But every QRS complex may not contain Q-R-S waves. It explains about ventricular depolarization. Whereas T wave is about ventricular re-polarization. S-Golay filter is used for denoising. This is used for smoothing the data which thereby, increases the precision of data without distortion of signal tendency. The patient data is collected from MIT-BIH Arrhythmia database for analysis. The simulation is done in Matlab software

ECG SIGNAL GENERATION AND HEART RATE VARIABILITY SIGNAL EXTRACTION: SIGNAL PROCESSING, FEATURES DETECTION, AND THEIR CORRELATION WITH CARDIAC DISEASES

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (04) ◽  
pp. 1240012 ◽  
Author(s):  
GOUTHAM SWAPNA ◽  
DHANJOO N. GHISTA ◽  
ROSHAN JOY MARTIS ◽  
ALVIN P. C. ANG ◽  
SUBBHURAAM VINITHA SREE
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Sinus Bradycardia ◽  
Premature Ventricular Contraction ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Ecg Signal ◽  
Qrs Complex ◽  
T Wave ◽  
St Segment ◽  
Cardiac Disorders

The sum total of millions of cardiac cell depolarization potentials can be represented by an electrocardiogram (ECG). Inspection of the P–QRS–T wave allows for the identification of the cardiac bioelectrical health and disorders of a subject. In order to extract the important features of the ECG signal, the detection of the P wave, QRS complex, and ST segment is essential. Therefore, abnormalities of these ECG parameters are associated with cardiac disorders. In this work, an introduction to the genesis of the ECG is given, followed by a depiction of some abnormal ECG patterns and rhythms (associated with P–QRS–T wave parameters), which have come to be empirically correlated with cardiac disorders (such as sinus bradycardia, premature ventricular contraction, bundle-branch block, atrial flutter, and atrial fibrillation). We employed algorithms for ECG pattern analysis, for the accurate detection of the P wave, QRS complex, and ST segment of the ECG signal. We then catagorited and tabulated these cardiac disorders in terms of heart rate, PR interval, QRS width, and P wave amplitude. Finally, we discussed the characteristics and different methods (and their measures) of analyting the heart rate variability (HRV) signal, derived from the ECG waveform. The HRV signals are characterised in terms of these measures, then fed into classifiers for grouping into categories (for normal subjects and for disorders such as cardiac disorders and diabetes) for carrying out diagnosis.

Changes in the Electrocardiogram and Achilles Reflex Test during Treatment of Hypothyroidism

1969 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Weir ◽  
J. A. Young ◽  
J. B. McGuinness
Keyword(s):  
P Wave ◽  
Qrs Complex ◽  
T Wave ◽  
St Segment ◽  
Pr Interval ◽  
Myocardial Muscle ◽  
Reflex Time

In 10 patients with hypothyroidism, the electrocardiogram and Achilles reflex test have been recorded before and during treatment with l-thyroxine sodium. Aspects of the electrocardiogram affected by hypothyroidism are the rate, duration of PR interval, height of P-wave, of QRS complex and of T-wave and the ST segment. Each of these improved with therapy, the earliest and most sensitive change being the height of the QRS complex. The Achilles reflex time as recorded by the photomotograph also showed a parallel decrease with therapy but this is considered to be less reliable as an isolated test. The prolongation of the PR interval is briefly discussed and a correlation between the changes in skeletal and myocardial muscle is suggested.

scholarly journals Electrocardiogram Changes with Acute Alcohol Intoxication: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitesh Raheja ◽  
Vinod Namana ◽  
Kirti Chopra ◽  
Ankur Sinha ◽  
Sushilkumar Satish Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrhythmias ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Acute Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Qrs Complex ◽  
Qtc Prolongation ◽  
Ecg Changes ◽  
T Wave ◽  
St Segment ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg

Background: Acute alcohol intoxication has been associated with cardiac arrhythmias but the electrocardiogram (ECG) changes associated with acute alcohol intoxication are not well defined in the literature. Objective: Highlight the best evidence regarding the ECG changes associated with acute alcohol intoxication in otherwise healthy patients and the pathophysiology of the changes. Methods: A literature search was carried out; 4 studies relating to ECG changes with acute alcohol intoxication were included in this review. Results: Of the total 141 patients included in the review, 90 (63.8%) patients had P-wave prolongation, 80 (56%) patients had QTc prolongation, 19 (13.5%) patients developed T-wave abnormalities, 10 (7%) patients had QRS complex prolongation, 3 (2.12%) patients developed ST-segment depressions. Conclusion: The most common ECG changes associated with acute alcohol intoxication are (in decreasing order of frequency) P-wave and QTc prolongation, followed by T-wave abnormalities and QRS complex prolongation. Mostly, these changes are completely reversible.

scholarly journals A Fully-Coupled Electro-Mechanical Whole-Heart Computational Model: Influence of Cardiac Contraction on the ECG

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Moss ◽  
Eike Moritz Wülfers ◽  
Steffen Schuler ◽  
Axel Loewe ◽  
Gunnar Seemann
Keyword(s):  
Body Surface ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Cardiac Motion ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cardiac Contraction ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Qrs Complex ◽  
T Wave ◽  
Whole Heart

The ECG is one of the most commonly used non-invasive tools to gain insights into the electrical functioning of the heart. It has been crucial as a foundation in the creation and validation of in silico models describing the underlying electrophysiological processes. However, so far, the contraction of the heart and its influences on the ECG have mainly been overlooked in in silico models. As the heart contracts and moves, so do the electrical sources within the heart responsible for the signal on the body surface, thus potentially altering the ECG. To illuminate these aspects, we developed a human 4-chamber electro-mechanically coupled whole heart in silico model and embedded it within a torso model. Our model faithfully reproduces measured 12-lead ECG traces, circulatory characteristics, as well as physiological ventricular rotation and atrioventricular valve plane displacement. We compare our dynamic model to three non-deforming ones in terms of standard clinically used ECG leads (Einthoven and Wilson) and body surface potential maps (BSPM). The non-deforming models consider the heart at its ventricular end-diastatic, end-diastolic and end-systolic states. The standard leads show negligible differences during P-Wave and QRS-Complex, yet during T-Wave the leads closest to the heart show prominent differences in amplitude. When looking at the BSPM, there are no notable differences during the P-Wave, but effects of cardiac motion can be observed already during the QRS-Complex, increasing further during the T-Wave. We conclude that for the modeling of activation (P-Wave/QRS-Complex), the associated effort of simulating a complete electro-mechanical approach is not worth the computational cost. But when looking at ventricular repolarization (T-Wave) in standard leads as well as BSPM, there are areas where the signal can be influenced by cardiac motion of the heart to an extent that should not be ignored.

Pulse Oximetric and ECG changes during continuous infusion of propofol in medetomidine – pentazocine and midazolam – pentazocine premedicated buffalo calves

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Saibaba ◽  
P. Veena ◽  
N. Dhana Lakshmi ◽  
K. Veera Bramhaiah
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Infusion ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Continuous Intravenous Infusion ◽  
Qrs Complex ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Ecg Changes ◽  
Buffalo Calves ◽  
T Wave ◽  
Group I ◽  
Surgical Conditions

Twelve buffalo calves of either sex presented to the clinic with surgical conditions like umbilical hernia, urolithiasis and fractures were utilized to study the effect of continuous intravenous infusion of propofol after premedication with medetomidine – pentazocine and midazolam – pentazocine. The animals were divided into two groups of six animals each. Medetomidine (@ 2.5 μg/kg b.wt.) – pentazocine (@ 0.5 mg/kg b.wt.) and midazolam (@ 0.25 mg/kg b.wt.) – pentazocine (@ 0.5 mg/kg b.wt.) was given intravenously in group I and II respectively. Propofol was given intravenously (@ 4 mg/kg b.wt.) after pre-medication and maintained by continuous intravenous infusion of propofol (@ 0.4 mg/kg b.wt.) in 5 % dextrose normal saline in both groups. Pulse oximetric and electrocardographic changes were recorded at 0, 5,10,15,30 and 60 min. Saturation of oxygen percentage of haemoglobin showed significant (P £ 0.05) difference in both groups but the changes were within the normal range. Electrocardiographic studies did not reveal any abnormalities except slight variations in the amplitude of P wave, T wave and QRS complex in both groups. It is concluded that both anaesthetic drug combinations can be used safely in buffaloes as they did not alter the pulse oximetry and ECG values.

scholarly journals Electrocardiogram of Clinically Healthy Mithun (Bos frontalis): Variation among Strains

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sagar Sanyal ◽  
Pradip Kumar Das ◽  
Probal Ranjan Ghosh ◽  
Kinsuk Das ◽  
Kezha V. Vupru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
The Other ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Qrs Complex ◽  
T Wave ◽  
Genetic Strains ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Bovine Species

A study was conducted to establish the normal electrocardiogram in four different genetic strains of mithun (Bos frontalis). Electrocardiography, cardiac electrical axis, heart rate, rectal temperature and respiration rate were recorded in a total of 32 adult male mithun of four strains ( each). It was found that the respiration and heart rates were higher () in Manipur than other three strains. Amplitude () and duration of P wave and QRS complex differed () among the strains. Mizoram strain had the highest amplitude and duration of P wave and QRS complex. On the other hand, higher () amplitude and duration of T wave were recorded in Arunachalee and Mizoram strains. The mean electrical axis of QRS complex that were recorded for Arunachalee and Manipur strains were similar to that reported for other bovine species; whereas the electrical axis of QRS for Nagamese and Mizoram strains were more close to feline and caprine species, respectively. In conclusion, electrocardiogram of mithun revealed that the amplitude and duration of P wave, QRS complex and T wave were different among four different genetic strains of mithun and the electrical axis of QRS complex for Nagamese and Mizoram mithuns are dissimilar to bovine species.

scholarly journals Abnormalities State Detection from P-Wave, QRS Complex, and T-Wave in Noisy ECG

2019 ◽  
Vol 1230 ◽  
pp. 012015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandra Wijaya ◽  
Andrian ◽  
Mawaddah Harahap ◽  
Christnatalis ◽  
Mardi Turnip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
P Wave ◽  
Qrs Complex ◽  
T Wave ◽  
State Detection
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