scholarly journals In Vitro Regeneration and Somaclonal Variation of Catharanthus roseus Don. Using Leaf and Internodal Explants

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (October- December) ◽  
pp. 452-459
Keyword(s):  
Somaclonal Variation ◽  
Catharanthus Roseus ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration

scholarly journals Date palm micropropagation: Advances and applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jameel Mohammed Al-Khayri ◽  
Poornananda Madhava Naik
Keyword(s):  
Somaclonal Variation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Palm Trees ◽  
Adult Trees

ABSTRACT Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is a fruit tree resilient to adverse climatic conditions predominating in hot arid regions of the Middle East and North Africa. The date fruit contains numerous chemical components that possess high nutritional and medicinal values. Traditional propagation by offshoots is inefficient to satisfy current demands for date palm trees. Alternatively, micropropagation provides an efficient means for large-scale propagation of date palm cultivars. Both somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis, either directly or indirectly though the callus phase, have been demonstrated in date palm in vitro regeneration. Culture initiation commonly utilizes shoot-tip explants isolated from young offshoots. Recently, the immature inflorescences of adult trees were utilized as an alternative nondestructive source of explants. In addition to the nature of the explant used, successful plant regeneration depends on the cultivar, composition of the culture medium and physical status. Challenges of date palm micropropagation include long in vitro cycle, latent contamination, browning, somaclonal variation as well as ex vitro acclimatization and transplanting. A remarkable amount of research investigating these factors has led to optimized protocols for the micropropagation of numerous commercially important cultivars. This has encouraged the development of several international commercial tissue culture laboratories. Molecular characterization provides an assurance of genetic conformity of regenerated plantlets, a key feature for commercial production. This article describes date palm micropropagation protocols and also discusses recent achievements with respect to somaclonal variation, molecular markers, cryopreservation and future prospects.

scholarly journals In vitro regeneration and PCR-RAPD based detection of somaclonal variation in kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-108
Author(s):  
MS Haque ◽  
T Biswas ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
MS Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Somaclonal Variation ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Hibiscus Cannabinus ◽  
Petiole Explants ◽  
Napthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Mother Plants ◽  
Regenerated Plantlets

Though direct systems of regeneration through culture of organized meristems usually produce true-to-type plants, variations in the progenies have widely been reported. Fiber producing kenaf plants (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) were regenerated from petiole, hypocotyls and cotyledonous petiole explants on MS medium containing BAP (benzyl amino purine) and NAA (?-napthaleneacetic acid) followed by assessment of regenerants by RAPD markers to detect somaclonal variation among them. Genomic DNA from twenty seven plants [three mother plants and two clones (clone 1 and 2) from each mother plant with three replications] was subjected to random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. Fifteen polymorphic loci amplified by three decamer random primers were used to estimate genetic diversity and relatedness in mother plants and their regenerated plantlets. The results showed some degree of polymorphism between mother plants and their regenerated plantlets as well as between regenerated plantlets indicating somaclonal variation among the regenerants. These suggest that the RAPD technique could effectively be used to detect somaclonal variation in H. cannabinus and could be promising for the detection of markers associated with desirable traits.Progressive Agriculture 28 (2): 100-108, 2017

scholarly journals Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant Capacity, and Enzyme Inhibitory Activity in Callus, Somaclonal Variant, and Normal Green Shoot Tissues of Catharanthus roseus (L) G. Don

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (21) ◽  
pp. 4945
Author(s):  
O. New Lee ◽  
Gunes Ak ◽  
Gokhan Zengin ◽  
Zoltán Cziáky ◽  
József Jekő ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Somaclonal Variation ◽  
Catharanthus Roseus ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
In Vitro Flowering ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Somaclonal Variant ◽  
Normal Green ◽  
Green Shoot

This study aimed to investigate the impact of plant growth regulators, sucrose concentration, and the number of subcultures on axillary shoot multiplication, in vitro flowering, and somaclonal variation and to assess the phytochemical composition, antioxidant capacity, and enzyme inhibitory potential of in vitro-established callus, somaclonal variant, and normal green shoots of Catharanthus roseus. The highest shoot induction rate (95.8%) and highest number of shoots (23.6), with a mean length of 4.5 cm, were attained when the C. roseus nodal explants (0.6–1 cm in length) were cultivated in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 2 µM thidiazuron, 1 µM 2-(1-naphthyl) acetic acid (NAA), and 4% sucrose. The in vitro flowering of C. roseus was affected by sucrose, and the number of subcultures had a significant effect on shoot multiplication and somaclonal variation. The highest levels of phenolics and flavonoids were found in normal green shoots, followed by those in somaclonal variant shoots and callus. The phytochemicals in C. roseus extracts were qualified using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 39, 55, and 59 compounds were identified in the callus, somaclonal variant shoot, and normal green shoot tissues, respectively. The normal green shoot extracts exhibited the best free radical scavenging ability and reducing power activity. The strongest acetylcholinesterase inhibitory effects were found in the callus, with an IC50 of 0.65 mg/mL.

scholarly journals Somaclonal Variation in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Using Chemical Mutagens

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
ME Hoque ◽  
MN Morshad
Keyword(s):  
Somaclonal Variation ◽  
Field Condition ◽  
First Generation ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Chemical Mutagens ◽  
Methane Sulphonate ◽  
Leaf Formation ◽  
Natural Field Condition

An experiment was conducted with three popular potato varieties viz. Cardinal, Diamant and Asterix to create somaclonal variation in potato. The chemical mutagens viz. Ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS), Methyl methane sulphonate (MMS), 5-Bromo Uracil (BU) and 2,4-D were used in three different concentration (1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg/L). Among them only 2,4-D regenerated callus in potato. Higher concentration (4.0 mg/L) of 2,4-D showed variant type of callus, which regenerated abnormal plantlet and some of the plantlets died within 45 days after inoculation. The higher concentration (4.0 mg/L) of EMS, MMS and BU showed huge abnormality on in vitro regeneration in all three varieties of potato. Thin stem, deformed shoot development and very less leaf formation were observed in 2.0 mg/L and 4.0 mg/L of EMS, MMS and BU. Due to toxic effect some of the plantlets died. The mutagen treated variants were acclimatized in plastic tray and subsequently in the field condition. It was noticed that, only 37.16% plants survived in natural field condition. Morphological characterization and yield potentiality of all somaclones were studied. It revealed that only one variants viz. SVP-53 showed higher yield as compared with two check varieties. The first generation mini tubers were kept for further research.  DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v12i1.19572  The Agriculturists 2014; 12(1) 15-25

In vitro regeneration of watermelon seed segments

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ameri ◽  
M. Lahouti ◽  
A. Bagheri ◽  
A. Sharifi ◽  
F. Keykha Akhar
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Watermelon Seed
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document