scholarly journals GENETICAL STUDIES ON SOME MORPHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS IN SOME BREAD WHEAT CROSSES UNDER HEAT STRESS CONDITIONS

2011 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 589-604
Author(s):  
AHMED M. TAMMAM ◽  
AYMAN G. ABD EL-RADY
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Physiological Traits

EVALUATION OF CONVENTIONAL AND PROLONGED-SWELLING SODIUM DODECYL SULFATE SEDIMENTATION TESTS FOR THE PREDICTION OF BREAD WHEAT QUALITY UNDER HEAT STRESS CONDITIONS

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-175
Author(s):  
IZZAT S. A. TAHIR ◽  
NOBORU NAKATA ◽  
ABDELBAGI M. ALI ◽  
ABU SEFYAN I. SAAD ◽  
WATARU TSUJI
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Peak Time ◽  
Bread Making ◽  
Dodecyl Sulfate ◽  
End Use

SUMMARYIn non-traditional, heat-stressed environments, wheat breeding programmes were mainly concerned with the introduction and adaptation of high-yielding, heat-tolerant cultivars regardless of the end-use quality. For the recently developed quality-oriented markets, new cultivars should combine the above-mentioned traits with good grain quality to improve economic feasibility of wheat production in these environments. This study aimed to examine the suitability of the conventional sodium dodecyl sulfate sedimentation (SDSS) test for predicting bread-making quality and to evaluate the effectiveness of a prolonged-swelling SDSS test in improving the predictability of end-use quality under heat stress conditions. Conventional and prolonged-swelling SDSS volumes were measured from whole meal of 15 bread wheat genotypes grown for two seasons under two sowing conditions at Gezira Research Farm, Wad Medani, Sudan. Results of correlations of SDSS volumes with total and insoluble protein contents, mixograph peak height and mixograph descending slope indicated the suitability of the SDSS test in predicting bread-making quality under heat-stress irrigated conditions. However, the absence of significant correlations with some quality attributes, such as mixograph peak time and mixograph curve width, demonstrated the non-exclusiveness of the SDSS test for predicting all bread-making quality attributes. The prolonged-swelling SDSS tests did not improve identification of differences among genotypes over the conventional test despite similarly predicting some quality attributes and showing relatively small increases in the correlation coefficient magnitudes with others. SDSS after 10 min from settlement (SDSS10) showed strong correlations with all other SDSS volumes at various times and with most of quality attributes. This suggested that SDSS10 could be used for evaluation of bread-making quality in early generations of the breeding programme in the hot irrigated conditions of Sudan and similar environments.

scholarly journals Effect of terminal heat stress on physiological traits, grain zinc and iron content in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narendra M.C. ◽  
Chandan Roy ◽  
Sudhir Kumar ◽  
Parminder Virk ◽  
Nitish De
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Iron Content ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
High Iron Content ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Severe Problem ◽  
High Zinc

Heat stress is one of the major wheat (Triticum aestivum) production constraints in South Asia (SA), particularly in the Eastern Gangetic Plains (EGP) of India and Bangladesh. Malnutrition is also a severe problem among children and women in SA. Wheat varieties with high grain Zn/Fe are a sustainable, cost-effective solution in the fight against hidden hunger. Thirty wheat genotypes were characterised under the optimum temperature and heat stress conditions in 2016–2017 and 2017–2018 to study the response of the stress on the yield, physiological traits and grain Zn/Fe content. A significant genetic variation was observed for all the traits under the optimum temperature and stress conditions. The yield was reduced by an average of 59.5% under heat stress compared to that of the optimum temperature. A strong positive association of the canopy temperature depression (CTD) with the grain yield (GY) was observed under the heat stress. A negative correlation of the grain Zn/Fe with the yield was observed under the optimum temperature and heat stress conditions, while the association between the grain Zn and Fe was positive. The genotypes BRW 3723, BRW 3759, BRW 3797, BRW 160, HD 2967, HD 2640 were found to be heat-tolerant in both years. Among the tolerant genotypes, BRW 934, BRW 3807 and BRW 3804 showed a high zinc content and BRW 934, BRW 3797, BRW 3788 and BRW 3807 showed a high iron content, respectively. These genotypes can be explored in future breeding programmes to address the problem of nutritional deficiency.

scholarly journals Variance components of combining ability for different morpho-physiological traits for heat tolerance in bread wheat

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1338-1342
Author(s):  
Amarjeet Kumar ◽  
Swati Swati ◽  
N. K. Singh ◽  
Birendra Prasad ◽  
Anil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Climate Scenario ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Physiological Characters

To estimate the level of heat tolerance for different genotypes of bread wheat with respect to morphological characters under studied grains/ spike, grain weight/spike, grain filling duration (duration between the anthesis stage and the physiological maturity), 1000-kernel weight and grain yield/plant for yield. Physiological traits like relative injury (RI %), chlorophyll content, canopy temperature depression (CTD), were used in present investigation to contribute toward capability of plants to tolerate heat stress of the yield contributing traits during heat stress.The findings of present investigation had clearly explained that influences of environments on morpho physiological characters i.e. grain yield per plant (14886.15) and its attributing traits i.e. spike length (459.7), tillers per plant (622.34), spikelets per spike (278.1), 1000 kernel weight (13262.39), grain weight per spike (177.89) and number of grains per spike (2898.44) in wheat were highly significant and positive. Among the parent and their crosses had handsome amount of variations across the environment. The results of interaction for environments with parents, lines, testers and their crosses with respect to morpho physiological characters in wheat was found significant for some characters while variation was absent for other characters studied. Physiological traits like relative injury per cent, chlorophyll content and CTD were vital parameters to quantify the degree of heat stress to develop tolerant genotypes which is urgent and present need under changing climate scenario.

scholarly journals Effect of Heat Stress for Agro-Economic Traits in Bread Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Genotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-282
Author(s):  
Wajid Ali Jatoi ◽  
Abdul Basit Abbasi ◽  
Shahnaz Memon ◽  
Raza Ali Rind ◽  
Zulifquar Ali Abbasi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Late Planting ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Sowing Dates

In the scenario of increasing global warming, heat stress received more importance. Un- fortunately, Pakistan is also in the line of most heat affected countries of the world. In this regard, wheat being a most important staple edible crop of Pakistan is highly affected by heat stress. For combating this situation, a study was carried-out on ten bread wheat genotypes viz. Moomal, Mehran, Imdad-05, Anmol- 91, Benazir, TJ-83, SKD-1, TD-1, Abadgar and Hamal at the Experimental Field, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam. The experiment was laid-out in a randomized complete block design (factorial arrangement) with three replications during Rabi season, 2016-17 in order to assess the response of wheat genotypes to terminal heat stress tolerance. Wheat genotypes were evaluated in two sowing dates viz., on 24th November as a normal planting and late planting on 31th December, 2016 considered as heat stress condition. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes under both sowing dates indicating suitability of the experiment to improve bread wheat genotypes for heat tolerance. Reductions in various traits were observed in late planting which indicated visible effects of heat stress on agro-economic traits. On an average plant height (cm), tillers/plant, spike length (cm), spikelets/spike, grains/spike, 1000-grain weight (g) and grain yield/plant (g) were declined by -4.63, -2.49, -3.04, -4.35, -16.29, -14.08 and -9.09 units respectively under the heat stress conditions, while the wheat genotypes like TJ-83, SKD-1 and Mehran showed minimum reductions under heat stress conditions for various traits suggesting their heat tolerance, nonetheless cultivars Moomal and Benazir expressed maximum declines under heat stress expressing their susceptibility to heat stress conditions. The remaining genotypes were found as moderately heat stress tolerant.  

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