Agroecological assessment of potato variety specimens in the conditions of the Astrakhan region

The article presents the results of the ecological test of 13 promising varieties of potato in a hot climate of the Astrakhan region. The analysis of the potato various samples productivity showed that under the spring planting period ten samples had the yielding capacity on 4.2-19.6 t/ha higher than the standard variety Impala (44.7 t/ha). High air temperatures during the summer planting period were the cause of the reduction in yield in almost all samples due to the decrease in the number and weight of tubers from one plant. The varietal specimen 10C-120-003 was able to produce a high yield under specific conditions of the region, which was on 2.4 t/ha higher compared to the same indicator in the spring planting period. The following specimens were distinguished by the starch content in potato tubers: Doka-2 and 10C-120-003 (19.2%), La Strada (18.4%), Flamingo (18.1%), Karmen (16.9%), 172/24 (16.3%), Real and 10C-135-015 (15.2%). The specimens Primabel, 802/17 and Baltic Rose have accumulated in tubers the largest amount of vitamin C, the surplus in relation to the standard was 0.1-0.3-0.6 mg% respectively. The cost-effectiveness analysis showed that cultivation of potato in the conditions of the Astrakhan region on drip irrigation conditions is profitable.

The Quality Of Potato Tubers For The Preparation Of Chips, Depending On The Growing Time And Elements Cultivation Technology

The article presents data on the study of the influence of varietal characteristics, timing of growing potatoes and plant placement patterns on the yield and quality of potato chips. It was established that tubers of the Ramona variety are more suitable than Surkhan-1 because of the content of more dry matter and starch. It is noted that during spring planting and with a sparse planting pattern of seed tubers, the tubers contain more dry matter and starch. This contributes to a higher yield and quality of the prepared chip.

Small Beginnings

The colonists’ relief at surviving the dangerous Atlantic passage was followed by the challenges of surviving in their new world. After they decided to settle along Cape Cod, they spent time exploring the region in search of a suitable harbor. During these expeditions they encountered Native encampments abandoned for the season, and took corn that the inhabitants had put aside for spring planting. Though only one passenger had died in the crossing, cold, food shortages, disease, and the debilitating work of cutting down trees and building shelters took their toll, and half of the settlers died over the winter and early spring. Fears of Native attacks added to anxiety. In March an English-speaking native, Samoset, entered the village as a spokesman for the Wampanoag Massasoit Ousamequin, leading to a mutual defense pact and Native aid in understanding and managing the land.

Effect of irrigation methods and techniques of earthing up on the potato yield

The article considers three ways of watering potatoessprinkling, furrowing, drip and two methods of hilling – ridge and ridge at early spring and summer planting times. The use of drip irrigation systems in the cultivation of potatoes in the subzone of light-chestnut soils of the Lower Volga region leads to an increase in yield of 63 % compared with sprinkler irrigation, at 31 % compared to irrigation furrows in the spring planting time and by 34 % compared to sprinkler irrigation, by 28 % compared to irrigation furrows on the options for summer planting time. Ridge hilling technique led to an increase in potato yield compared to the ridge technique by 8.5…13.3 % at early spring planting times and by 6.6…13.5 % at summer planting times. The analysis of yield of the main production shows that potatoes of spring term of landing formed mass of tubers to 57,4 t/ha, and at summer plantings to 62,6 t/ha. On average, the yield of potatoes at summer planting dates was higher than the yield of potatoes at spring planting dates by 13 %.

RESULTS OF MORPHO-BIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF SPRING GARLIC VARIETIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE SOUTH-EAST OF KAZAKHSTAN

The strong limited acreage of spring garlic in the Republic of Kazakhstan is explained by the lack of local adapted varieties for spring planting. Therefore, to increase the area and volume of garlic production, it is necessary to introduce varieties of domestic selection. In Kazakhstan, there are local varieties of winter garlic, however, there are no spring ones. Therefore, in the off-season, the bulk of marketable garlic coming to Kazakhstani counters is imported from foreign countries and sold at an inflated price.The main way in solving problems of increasing cultivation and productivity areas, as well as to eliminate seasonal shortages of products, is the introduction of domestic varieties of spring garlic. As you know, garlic is a culture highly dependent on its habitat. In this regard, in the conditions of southeastern Kazakhstan, we carried out a number of scientific studies on the formation, evaluation and isolation of samples with the best economically valuable traits, for use in further breeding work.The collection of spring garlic in our experiments was formed from varieties and samples from leading scientific centers of Russia.Earlier research work on the selection and seed production of spring garlic in Kazakhstan has not been carried out. Therefore, the results of the assessment of varieties and collection samples of spring garlic, which are reflected in the article, are new and have greater practical significance

China prioritises food security amid COVID-19 outbreak

Subject The impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on food and agriculture in China. Significance Transport bottlenecks and restrictions have interrupted supplies of feed to pig and poultry farmers. As spring planting approaches, crop farmers depend on the delivery of farm inputs to maintain yields and guarantee future supplies of rice, wheat, corn and other grains. Impacts Bankruptcies among small and medium-sized poultry farms may hasten efficiency-enhancing consolidation of the industry. Social distancing requirements will boost mechanised and high-tech farming, supported by government subsidies. Tight meat supplies are likely to persist, at least in the short term.

Yeni ve Eski Buğday Çeşitlerinin Yüksek Yetişme Sıcaklığında Gelişimlerinin Karşılaştırılması

For about 10 thousand years, new varieties have emerged naturally or artificial in wheat. Factors for the development of new varieties are fertilization, machine use, changing taste preferences and adaptation to climate change and exc. In the study; Apogee variety, which is one of the most recently developed varieties, has low sensitivity to vernalization and photoperiod, and Einkorn and Emmer, which is one of the oldest known varieties, and Tosunbey variety, which has been developed in our country in recent years, were compared in terms of agronomic characteristics. The research was carried out at room temperature and field conditions with spring planting. At room temperature, Apogee variety reached harvest maturity in 87 days, Emmer variety’s in 140 days, Tosunbey variety’s in 116 days. Since Einkorn variety could not meet the need for vernalization, its development ceased at stem elongation stage. All varieties have completed their development by meeting the need for vernalization in field conditions. Apogee variety reached harvest maturity in 93 days, Einkorn variety in 118 days, Emmer variety in 108 days, Tosunbey variety in 115 days. In land conditions, Apogee varieties ripen later, while other varieties ripened earlier. Thousand grain weights were 24.3 g in Apogee variety, 17.3 g in Emmer variety, 26.7 g in Tosunbey variety at room temperature conditioning, 11.3 g in Apogee variety, 20.3 g in Einkorn variety, 24.7 g in Emmer variety and 26.0 g in Emmer variety at field conditioning. In field condition, thousand-grain weights of Apogee variety decreased seriously.

Are cover crop mixtures better at suppressing weeds than cover crop monocultures?

Cover crops are increasingly being used for weed management, and planting them as diverse mixtures has become an increasingly popular strategy for their implementation. While ecological theory suggests that cover crop mixtures should be more weed suppressive than cover crop monocultures, few experiments have explicitly tested this for more than a single temporal niche. We assessed the effects of cover crop mixtures (5- or 6-species and 14-species mixtures) and monocultures on weed abundance (weed biomass) and weed suppression at the time of cover crop termination. Separate experiments were conducted in Madbury, NH, from 2014 to 2017 for each of three temporal cover-cropping niches: summer (spring planting–summer termination), fall (summer planting–fall termination), and spring (fall planting–subsequent spring termination). Regardless of temporal niche, mixtures were never more weed suppressive than the most weed-suppressive cover crop grown as a monoculture, and the more diverse mixture (14 species) never outperformed the less diverse mixture. Mean weed-suppression levels of the best-performing monocultures in each temporal niche ranged from 97% to 98% for buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) in the summer niche and forage radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. niger J. Kern.) in the fall niche, and 83% to 100% for triticale (×Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus [Secale × Triticum]) in the winter–spring niche. In comparison, weed-suppression levels for the mixtures ranged from 66% to 97%, 70% to 90%, and 67% to 99% in the summer, fall, and spring niches, respectively. Stability of weed suppression, measured as the coefficient of variation, was two to six times greater in the best-performing monoculture compared with the most stable mixture, depending on the temporal niche. Results of this study suggest that when weed suppression is the sole objective, farmers are more likely to achieve better results planting the most weed-suppressive cover crop as a monoculture than a mixture.