Efficiency of Potassium Solubilizing Bacteria Inoculants to Improve Yield of Carrot and Their Potential Cytotoxicity on Root Tip Cells

To help elucidate the origin of the B genome in polyploid wheats, karyotypes of Triticum turgidum, Triticum monoccum, and all six purported B genome donors were compared. The analysis utilized a common cytological procedure that employed the most advanced equipment for the measurement of chromosome lengths at metaphase in root tip cells. A comparison of the karyotypes of T. turgidum and T. monococcum permitted the identification of B genome chromosomes of T. turgidum. These consist of two SAT pairs, one ST pair, three SM pairs, and one M pair of homologues. Comparisons of the chromosomes of the B genome of T. turgidum with the karyotypes of the six putative B genome donors showed that only the karyotype of Aegilops searsii was similar to the one deduced for the donor of the B genome in T. turgidum, suggesting that Ae. searsii is, therefore, the most likely donor of the B genome to the polyploid wheats. Support for this conclusion has been derived from geographic, DNA-hybridization, karyotype, morphological, and protein data reported since 1977. Reasons why the B genome donor has not been unequivocally identified are discussed.Key words: phylogeny, karyotypes, Triticum turgidum, Triticum monococcum, B genome, B genome donors.

Download Full-text

Squash Preparations of Living Root-Tip Cells

Nature ◽

10.1038/164930a0 ◽

1949 ◽

Vol 164 (4178) ◽

pp. 930-930 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

J. CHAYEN

Keyword(s):

Root Tip ◽

Living Root ◽

Tip Cells ◽

Root Tip Cells

Download Full-text

The effect of cytochalasin D on preprophase band organization in root tip cells of Allium

Journal of Cell Science ◽

10.1242/jcs.103.4.989 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 103 (4) ◽

pp. 989-998 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

E.P. Eleftheriou ◽

B.A. Palevitz

Keyword(s):

Preprophase Band ◽

Cytochalasin D ◽

Root Tip ◽

Average Width ◽

Exact Position ◽

The Relationship ◽

Tip Cells ◽

Root Tip Cells ◽

Control Samples

The relationship between microfilaments (Mfs) and microtubules (Mts) in the organization of the preprophase band (PPB) was investigated in Allium root tip cells subjected to treatment with cytochalasin D (CD). Mts and Mfs were visualized by indirect immunofluorescence and various parameters such as PPB width were analyzed quantitatively. In control samples, the PPB first appears as a wide Mt band that progressively narrows to an average width of 4 micrometre in mid-prophase. Randomly oriented Mfs are present throughout the cytoplasm of most interphase control cells. Preprophase and prophase cells, however, contain cortical Mfs arranged parallel to the PPB. The Mfs initially occupy much of the cortex but in most cells they progressively become restricted to an area wider than the PPB. In the presence of CD, the PPB fails to narrow and remains at least two-fold wider than in control cells. PPB width expressed as a percentage of nuclear or cell length also increases compared to controls. Widening is concentration dependent, and the effect of 10 micromolar CD is near maximal only 15 min after application of the drug. This rapid response suggests that a rebroadening of already condensed PPBs takes place. After as little as 15 min in CD, Mfs are replaced by many small specks and rods. Dual localizations of both Mts and Mfs show that prophase cells contain broad PPBs without Mfs. The rapid disorganization of Mfs, by CD, therefore coincides with the rebroadening of PPBs. CD-treated cells in metaphase, anaphase and telophase contain larger actin aggregates at the poles, as previously reported. The results indicate that Mfs play an important role in the narrowing of the PPB, which in turn is essential for determination of the exact position of the plane of division. They also indicate that movement of intact Mts is important in PPB organization.

Download Full-text