scholarly journals A nutritional and sports education program for diabetics and its effect on some biochemical and physiological variables.

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-44
Author(s):  
عبدالجواد عبدالمنعم علی ◽  
Abdel moniem Bedier ◽  
elsayed Hammad
Keyword(s):  
Education Program ◽  
Physiological Variables

scholarly journals A web-based adapted physical activity program (e-APA) versus health education program (e-HE) in patients with schizophrenia and healthy volunteers: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial (PEPSY V@Si)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxime Tréhout ◽  
Elise Leroux ◽  
Lucile Bigot ◽  
Solenne Jego ◽  
Pascal Leconte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Education Program ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Active Group ◽  
Health Education Program ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Home Based

Abstract Background Patients with schizophrenia (SZ) present a higher level of cardiovascular morbidity than the general population due to poor physical fitness and a sedentary lifestyle. Moreover, despite major therapeutic advances in the management of SZ, some clinical symptoms remain resistant to pharmacological approaches. A large number of studies support the effectiveness of physical activity (PA) for both physical and mental health in SZ. The main objective of the present study is to assess the effects of a remote, web-based adapted PA program (e-APA) compared to a health education program (e-HE) on brain plasticity in SZ and healthy volunteers (HV). The secondary objectives are to assess the effects of e-APA on other cerebral variables as well as clinical, neurocognitive, circadian, biological, and physiological variables. Methods: The study is an interventional, multicenter, randomized open-label controlled trial. Forty-two SZ will be randomized to either the active group (e-APA, N = 21) or non-active group (e-HE, N = 21), and 42 HV will be matched to SZ according to age, gender, and level of PA. Interventions will consist of 32 sessions (2x60 minutes/week, for 16 weeks) via supervised home-based videoconferencing. The active group will carry out an individualized PA program of moderate to vigorous intensity. Pre- and post-intervention cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) will be performed to evaluate changes in global hippocampal volume. Other cerebral assessments using diffusion tensor imaging, arterial spin labelling, spectroscopy and resting-state functional MRI will be performed. In addition, clinical, neurocognitive and circadian rhythms assessments as well as physical tests and biological analyses will be conducted. Discussion: To our knowledge, this is the first study aiming to evaluate the efficacy of APA delivered by supervised home-based videoconferencing in SZ. Moreover, using multimodal MRI, this study could clarify the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the efficacy of APA. Finally, this innovative approach (remote, web-based APA) might also increase participation in long-term PA since PA-based programs are known to have low adherence and early dropout. The results of this study should promote the inclusion of PA interventions as a novel adjunctive therapy for SZ. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03261817. Registered on 16 August 2017.

A Community Based High Risk Register for Hearing Loss

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
James L. Fitch ◽  
Thomas F. Williams ◽  
Josephine E. Etienne
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
System Identification ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Education Program ◽  
Communication System ◽  
Auditory Signal ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Children With Hearing Loss

The critical need to identify children with hearing loss and provide treatment at the earliest possible age has become increasingly apparent in recent years (Northern & Downs, 1978). Reduction of the auditory signal during the critical language-learning period can severely limit the child's potential for developing a complete, effective communication system. Identification and treatment of children having handicapping conditions at an early age has gained impetus through the Handicapped Children's Early Education Program (HCEEP) projects funded by the Bureau of Education for the Handicapped (BEH).

Effects of Provocation on Emotions and Aggression: An Experimental Study with Aggressive Children

2006 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Stadler ◽  
Sonja Rohrmann ◽  
Sibylle Steuber ◽  
Fritz Poustka
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Skin Conductance Level ◽  
Physiological Measures ◽  
Competitive Reaction ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Conduct Disordered ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Aggressive Children ◽  
Conductance Level

In this study, the effects of an experimental-induced provocation on emotions and aggression were examined in 34 aggressive conduct-disordered children using a competitive reaction time paradigm. Two experimental conditions were created, an increasing provocation and a low constant provocation condition. Self-rated anger was assessed directly after provocation on a 5-point-visual scale. In addition, negative and positive emotions as well as physiological measures (heart rate and skin conductance level) were measured at baseline and after provocation. Results revealed that participants’ aggressive behaviour and subjective emotions differed as a function of the opponent’s level of provocation. Concerning physiological parameters, no significant differences were found between the experimental conditions. These results suggest that affective, but not physiological variables characterize reactive aggression in conduct-disordered children.

Effects of Fear Induction on Heart Period Variability

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf Stark ◽  
Alfons Hamm ◽  
Anne Schienle ◽  
Bertram Walter ◽  
Dieter Vaitl
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Heart Period ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Heart Period Variability ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Period Variability

Abstract The present study investigated the influence of contextual fear in comparison to relaxation on heart period variability (HPV), and analyzed differences in HPV between low and high anxious, nonclinical subjects. Fifty-three women participated in the study. Each subject underwent four experimental conditions (control, fear, relaxation, and a combined fear-relaxation condition), lasting 10 min each. Fear was provoked by an unpredictable aversive human scream. Relaxation should be induced with the aid of verbal instructions. To control for respiratory effects on HPV, breathing was paced at 0.2 Hz using an indirect light source. Besides physiological measures (HPV measures, ECG, respiration, forearm EMG, blood pressure), emotional states (pleasure, arousal, dominance, state anxiety) were assessed by subjects' self-reports. Since relaxation instructions did not have any effect neither on the subjective nor on the physiological variables, the present paper focuses on the comparison of the control and the fear condition. The scream reliably induced changes in both physiological and self-report measures. During the fear condition, subjects reported more arousal and state anxiety as well as less pleasure and dominance. Heart period decreased, while EMG and diastolic blood pressure showed a tendency to increase. HPV remained largely unaltered with the exception of the LF component, which slightly decreased under fear induction. Replicating previous findings, trait anxiety was negatively associated with HPV, but there were no treatment-specific differences between subjects with low and high trait anxiety.

Ambulatory Activity Monitoring

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes B.J. Bussmann ◽  
Ulrich W. Ebner-Priemer ◽  
Jochen Fahrenberg
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Monitoring ◽  
Main Stream ◽  
Computer Algorithms ◽  
Ambulatory Activity ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Piezoresistive Sensors ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Objectively Measured

Behavior is central to psychology in almost any definition. Although observable activity is a core aspect of behavior, assessment strategies have tended to focus on emotional, cognitive, or physiological responses. When physical activity is assessed, it is done so mostly with questionnaires. Converging evidence of only a moderate association between self-reports of physical activity and objectively measured physical activity does raise questions about the validity of these self-reports. Ambulatory activity monitoring, defined as the measurement strategy to assess physical activity, posture, and movement patterns continuously in everyday life, has made major advances over the last decade and has considerable potential for further application in the assessment of observable activity, a core aspect of behavior. With new piezoresistive sensors and advanced computer algorithms, the objective measurement of physical activity, posture, and movement is much more easily achieved and measurement precision has improved tremendously. With this overview, we introduce to the reader some recent developments in ambulatory activity monitoring. We will elucidate the discrepancies between objective and subjective reports of activity, outline recent methodological developments, and offer the reader a framework for developing insight into the state of the art in ambulatory activity-monitoring technology, discuss methodological aspects of time-based design and psychometric properties, and demonstrate recent applications. Although not yet main stream, ambulatory activity monitoring – especially in combination with the simultaneous assessment of emotions, mood, or physiological variables – provides a comprehensive methodology for psychology because of its suitability for explaining behavior in context.

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