scholarly journals Local Coherence in Crime News Reports A Centring Analysis of Arabic and English Crime News Reports

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-104
Author(s):  
Yasmin Mohammed El-Sayed Soliman
Keyword(s):  
News Reports ◽  
Local Coherence ◽  
Crime News ◽  
Arabic And English

scholarly journals Breaking the language barrier? Comparing TV news frames across texts in different languages

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-420
Author(s):  
Sumaya Al Nahed
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Television News ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
News Frames ◽  
International Media ◽  
News Reports ◽  
Tone Of Voice ◽  
Arabic And English ◽  
The Impact

This article examines two factors which have become increasingly important in today’s multi-channel international media environment, but which add significant extra levels of complexity to framing analysis: language differences and tone of voice. Through case studies examining English and Arabic language television news reports, the article considers some of the difficulties facing researchers who aim to compare spoken texts in different languages about the same events. In particular, the author focuses on the different cultural understandings of the appropriateness of emotive language in Arabic and English language journalism, and argues that in order to analyse the framing of stories in television news it is necessary to take account of the role of reporter tone in building frames. By comparing Al Jazeera’s and the BBC’s coverage of the 2011 Arab uprisings, the article aims to bridge some methodological gaps in this area, and to advance the reliability and validity of studies that attempt to compare news frames of the same events in different languages. It also considers the additional challenge of comparing tones of voice, particularly if they fluctuate throughout the story. Ultimately, the article proposes ways of going beyond literal understandings of both language and tone in order to establish the impact of both on the construction of news frames.

They Are All Armed and Dangerous!

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeroen Vaes ◽  
Marcella Latrofa ◽  
Caterina Suitner ◽  
Luciano Arcuri
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
News Article ◽  
Implicit Associations ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Cognitive Representations ◽  
News Reports ◽  
Crime News ◽  
Biased Language ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Abstract. The present research aims to verify the presence of linguistic biases in crime news reports (Study 1) and their role (Study 2) in activating a crime stereotype toward racial/ethnic minorities. In a first content analysis study, the natural occurrence of a set of linguistic biases was analyzed in Italian news articles that described comparable crimes committed by an in- or an outgroup aggressor. Results indicated that when the crime was committed by an outgroup (vs. ingroup) member, more aggravating and less attenuating adjectives were used. Moreover, the nationality of the perpetrator was not only mentioned more frequently, it also appeared in most cases as a noun. In Study 2, participants read a fictitious news article that either described an in- or outgroup criminal act with neutral or biased language. Their implicit associations between in- and outgroup members and weapons (vs. tools) were measured immediately afterward in the weapon paradigm. Results confirmed that a biased (vs. neutral) language use increased participants’ crime-related associations with the outgroup in general only when an outgroup criminal was staged. The role of media portrayals in determining the cognitive representations of racial/ethnic minorities is discussed.

Quality of media reporting of suicide in Iraq

2021 ◽  
pp. 002076402110039
Author(s):  
S M Yasir Arafat ◽  
Araz Ramazan Ahmad ◽  
Ayoob Kareem Saeed ◽  
Vikas Menon ◽  
Sheikh Shoib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
English Language ◽  
World Health ◽  
Search Term ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
News Reporting ◽  
News Reports ◽  
Arabic And English ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Mass media has an important role in influencing the suicidal behavior of the general population. However, the quality of news reporting of suicide has not been assessed in Iraq. Aim: We aimed to assess the quality of news reports in Iraq while reporting the suicidal behaviors. Methods: The search was done on Google in November and December 2020 with the search term ‘suicide news in Iraq’ and accessible news reports distributed in Kurdish, Arabic, and English languages were taken out. We scrutinized the news reports to identify the reporting characteristics and compared them with the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Results: A total of 130 news reports were analyzed; among them 23.8% were Kurdish, 63.8% were Arabic, and 12.3% were in the English language. About 31.5% of the reports mentioned the name and 40.8% mentioned the occupation. The name of method was mentioned in 88.5%, mono-causality was found in about 34.6%, the term ‘suicide’ was mentioned in the headline in 94.6%, and method of suicide was mentioned in the headline of about 27.7% of the reports. Only 5.4% of the reports traced mental illness, 6.9% mentioned expert opinion, and none of the reports mentioned prevention program, and educative information. Conclusion: The study revealed that news reports of suicidal behavior in Iraq are poorly adherent to the WHO reporting guidelines. Further studies are warranted to identify the responsible factors and culture-specific prevention strategies.

Crime Profiling System

2015 ◽  
pp. 95-138
Author(s):  
Hussein Zedan ◽  
Meshrif Alruily
Keyword(s):  
Information Extraction ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Automatic Generation ◽  
Self Organizing Map ◽  
Counter Measures ◽  
News Reports ◽  
Meaningful Information ◽  
Crime News ◽  
Self Organizing

Digital forensics aims to examine a wide range of digital media in a “forensically” sound manner. This can be used either to uncover rationale for a committed crime and possible suspects, prevent a crime from taken place or to identify a threat so that it can be dealt with. The latter is firmly rooted within the domain of intelligence counter measures. The authors call the outcome of the analyses subject profiling where a subject can be a threat or a suspect. In this Chapter the authors outline a process for profiling based on Self-organizing Map (SOM) and evaluating our technique by profiling crimes using a multi-lingual corpus. The development and application of a Crime Profiling System (CPS) is also presented. The system is able to extract meaningful information (type of crime, location and nationality), from Arabic language crime news reports. The system has two unique attributes; firstly, information extraction depends on local grammar, and secondly, automatic generation of dictionaries. It is shown that the CPS improves the quality of the data through reduction where only meaningful information is retained. Moreover, when clustering, using Self Organizing Map (SOM), we gain efficiency as the data is cleansed by removing noise. The proposed system is validated through experiments using a corpus collated from different sources; Precision, Recall and F-measure are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed information extraction approach. Also, comparisons are conducted with other systems.

A ghost in the machine: Tracing the role of ‘the digital’ in discursive processes of cybervictimisation

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 517-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Lindgren
Keyword(s):  
News Media ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
News Reporting ◽  
News Reports ◽  
Crime News ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Ideal

The study of discursive understandings of cybervictimisation draws on a dataset of crime news reporting and asks the question of if and how cybervictimisation is construed in ways that differ from other types of (non-digital) victimisation. Building on a critical discourse perspective employing corpus-based text analysis methods, the composition of news discourses about cybervictimisation are analysed, alongside the relationship between such representations and news media discourse on crime victimisation generally. The aim is to see what effect the presence of a digital dimension has for how the notion of victimisation is socially and culturally understood. The study shows, first, that news reporting on cybervictimisation has a strong bias towards crimes that fit well with the notion of ‘the ideal victim’ (such as sexual victimisation and bullying) while excluding other types like hacking and identity theft. The question is raised whether ‘victim’ discourse is able to account for the latter types or if new understandings and concepts will emerge. Second, the study shows that discourses promoting understandings of technology as contributing to amplifying danger, and that represent technology as potentially undermining social order, are strong in cybervictimisation news reports. These discourses are consequential for who is seen as a legitimate victim and not. Just as it can be very difficult to identify and apprehend perpetrators of cybercrime, so is also the identification and definition of cybervictims ambiguous and demands to be further researched.

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