scholarly journals New Forest Governance in Indonesia: A Forest Partnership between Forest Management Units and Local Communities

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 95-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
JANG Sang Kyung ◽  
배재수
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Forest Governance ◽  
Management Units ◽  
New Forest

Improving forest governance: Experience of Joint Forest Management in India

Social Change ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 29-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushil Saigal
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
State Ownership ◽  
Forest Governance ◽  
Joint Forest Management ◽  
Forest Department ◽  
Forest Condition

There is an increasing interest in community-based forest management as a potential approach for improving forest governance. India is among the few countries in the world where such an approach-called Joint Forest Management (JFM)-has not only been successfully introduced but also achieved large-scale implementation, covering 18% of all state forests. Forests cover 23% of India's geographical area and almost all are under state ownership. However, over half the forests are in a degraded condition. Forests also provide livelihood support to a large proportion of the population, especially the poor. Around 147 million people live in and around forests. But until the 1980s, the focus was on commercial forestry and people were excluded from forest management. This led to forest degradation on the one hand, and conflicts between the Forest Department and local communities on the other. A new policy in 1988 stressed forest management for ecosystem services and meeting local communities’ needs. Under this policy, Joint Forest Management promoted agreements between the Forest Department and village communities to jointly protect and manage adjacent forest land and to share responsibilities and benefits. JFM has had several positive impacts on forest governance in the form of improved forest condition, increased income and livelihood opportunities for participating communities and, most importantly, a dramatic change in the attitude of communities and the Forest Department towards each other and toward forests. Although challenges still remain, if implemented in its true spirit, JFM can be a viable long-term strategy for contributing towards the goals of sustainable livelihoods and forest management.

scholarly journals REDD+ Conflict: Understanding the Pathways between Forest Projects and Social Conflict

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 748
Author(s):  
Rowan Alumasa Alusiola ◽  
Janpeter Schilling ◽  
Paul Klär
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Forest Governance ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
New Forest ◽  
Key Events ◽  
And Control

A growing body of literature analyses the conflict implications of REDD+ (Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries). However, the way these conflicts unfold is little understood. We address this research gap through the following question: What are the pathways that connect REDD+ projects and conflicts between local communities and other actors? We review 242 scientific articles, selecting eight that allow us to trace how the conflict pathways unfolded. We draw on a political ecology perspective and conceptualize ‘conflict pathway’ as an interaction of key events and drivers leading to conflict. We find six main conflict drivers: (1) injustices and restrictions over (full) access and control of forest resources; (2) creation of new forest governance structures that change relationships between stakeholders and the forest; (3) exclusion of community members from comprehensive project participation; (4) high project expectations that are not met; (5) changes in land tenure policy due to migrants, and (6) the aggravation of historic land tenure conflicts. Evictions from forests, acts of violence, and lawsuits are among the events contributing to the conflict pathways. To prevent them, the rights, livelihoods, and benefits of local communities need to be placed at the centre of the REDD+ projects.

scholarly journals Arah Tata Hubungan Kelembagaan Kesatuan Pengelolaan Hutan (KPH) di Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Maryudi
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Forest Governance ◽  
Limited Capacity ◽  
Management Units

Pembentukan Kesatuan Pengelolaan Hutan (KPH) menjadi salah satu prioritas kebijakan Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan. Kebijakan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi solusi bagi berbagai permasalahan mendasar pengelolaan hutan di Indonesia, seperti tata kelola yang buruk, ketidakjelasan hak tenurial, dan lemahnya kapasitas dalam manajemen hutan. KPH dikonseptualisasikan sebagai penyelenggara pengelolaan hutan di tingkat tapak. Kebijakan pembangunan KPH yang diatur oleh pusat dipandang dapat menambah kompleksitas terhadap struktur pengurusan dan pengelolaan yang sudah ada selama ini. Makalah ini membahas konsep tata hubungan kelembagaan dalam kebijakan KPH.Kata kunci: KPH, pengurusan, kelembagaan, kewenangan, resentralisasi AbstractThe establishment of Forest Management Units (FMUs) has been made as one of the top policy priorities by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry. The policy is expected to become a solution for problems regarding to the management of forests in Indonesia, e.g. poor forest governance, tenurial problems, limited capacity in the management of forests. FMU is conceptualized as a forest management agent/ institution at the field. The policy of establishing FMUs is often viewed to add complexities of the current forest administration and management structures. This paper discusses concepts of institutions and bureaucracies of the FMU policy.

Halting Forest Encroachment in Terai: What Role for Community Forestry?

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-34
Author(s):  
Prabin Bhusal ◽  
Naya Sharma Paudel ◽  
Anukram Adhikary ◽  
Jisan Karki ◽  
Kamal Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Environmental History ◽  
Adaptive Learning ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Community Forestry ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Local Livelihoods

This paper highlights the lessons of using adaptive learning in community forestry that effectively help to resolve forest based conflicts in Terai region of Nepal. The paper is based on a three-year action research carried out in Terai. Qualitative methods including participatory rural appraisal tools and documentation of engaged action and reflections were used. Methods and tools that largely fall under adaptive learning were deployed. The field data was complemented by review of secondary data and literature on environmental history of Terai. We found that policies on land and forest in Terai for the last fifty years have induced and aggravated conflicts over access and control between state and communities and also within diverse groups of local communities. These conflicts have had serious negative impacts on sustainable management of forests and on local people’s livelihoods, particularly resource poor and landless people. Centralised and bureaucratic approaches to control forest and encroachment have largely failed. Despite investing millions of Rupees in maintaining law and order in forestlands, the problem continues to worsen often at the cost of forests and local communities. We found that transferring management rights to local communities like landless and land poor in the form of community forestry (CF) has induced strong local level collective action in forest management and supported local livelihoods. Moreover, adding adaptive learning, as a methodological tool to improve governance and enhance local level collective action significantly improves the benefit of CF. It implies that a major rethinking is needed in the current policies that have often led to hostile relationships with the local inhabitants- particularly the illegal settlers. Instead, transferring forest rights to local communities and supporting them through technical aspects of forest management will strengthen local initiatives towards sustainable management of forests.

scholarly journals A Participatory and Spatial Multicriteria Decision Approach to Prioritize the Allocation of Ecosystem Services to Management Units

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 747
Author(s):  
Marlene Marques ◽  
Keith M. Reynolds ◽  
Susete Marques ◽  
Marco Marto ◽  
Steve Paplanus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Collaborative Management ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Wood Production ◽  
Forest Owners ◽  
Management Units ◽  
Multicriteria Decision

Forest management planning can be challenging when allocating multiple ecosystem services (ESs) to management units (MUs), given the potentially conflicting management priorities of actors. We developed a methodology to spatially allocate ESs to MUs, according to the objectives of four interest groups—civil society, forest owners, market agents, and public administration. We applied a Group Multicriteria Spatial Decision Support System approach, combining (a) Multicriteria Decision Analysis to weight the decision models; (b) a focus group and a multicriteria Pareto frontier method to negotiate a consensual solution for seven ESs; and (c) the Ecosystem Management Decision Support (EMDS) system to prioritize the allocation of ESs to MUs. We report findings from an application to a joint collaborative management area (ZIF of Vale do Sousa) in northwestern Portugal. The forest owners selected wood production as the first ES allocation priority, with lower priorities for other ESs. In opposition, the civil society assigned the highest allocation priorities to biodiversity, cork, and carbon stock, with the lowest priority being assigned to wood production. The civil society had the highest mean rank of allocation priority scores. We found significant differences in priority scores between the civil society and the other three groups, highlighting the civil society and market agents as the most discordant groups. We spatially evaluated potential for conflicts among group ESs allocation priorities. The findings suggest that this approach can be helpful to decision makers, increasing the effectiveness of forest management plan implementation.

Effects of new forest management on insect damage risk in a changing climate.

2015 ◽  
pp. 248-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Björkman ◽  
H. Bylund ◽  
U. Nilsson ◽  
G. Nordlander ◽  
M. Schroeder
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Insect Damage ◽  
Changing Climate ◽  
New Forest ◽  
Damage Risk

Measuring the relative performance of forest management units: a chance-constrained DEA model in the presence of the nondiscretionary factor

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 788-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Zadmirzaei ◽  
Soleiman Mohammadi Limaei ◽  
Alireza Amirteimoori ◽  
Leif Olsson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Efficiency Score ◽  
Management Problem ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Deterministic Models ◽  
Management Units ◽  
Dea Model ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Decision Making Units

In this study, we develop a marginal chance-constrained data envelopment analysis (DEA) model in the presence of nondiscretionary inputs and hybrid outputs for the first time. We call it a stochastic nondiscretionary DEA model (SND-DEA), and it is developed to measure and compare the relative efficiency of forest management units under different environmental management systems. Furthermore, we apply an output-oriented DEA technology to both deterministic and stochastic scenarios. The required data are collected from 24 forest management plans (as decision-making units) and included four inputs and an equal amount of outputs. The findings of this practical research show that the modified SND-DEA model in different probability levels gives us apparently different results compared with the output from pure deterministic models. However, when we calculate the correlation measures, the probability levels give us a strong positive correlation between stochastic and deterministic models. Therefore, approximately 40% of the forest management plans based on the applied SND-DEA model should substantially increase their average efficiency score. As the major conclusion, our developed SND-DEA model is a suitable improvement over previous developed models to discriminate the efficiency and (or) inefficiency of decision-making units to hedge against risk and uncertainty in this type of forest management problem.

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