scholarly journals Reduction in exposure to arsenic from drinking well-water in Bangladesh limited by insufficient testing and awareness

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pfaff ◽  
A. Schoenfeld Walker ◽  
K. M. Ahmed ◽  
A. van Geen
Keyword(s):  
Well Water ◽  
Well Testing ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Rural Bangladesh ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
The Status ◽  
Very High

This study considers potential policy responses to the still very high levels of exposure to arsenic (As) caused by drinking water from shallow tubewells in rural Bangladesh. It examines a survey of 4,109 households in 76 villages of Araihazar upazila conducted two years after a national testing campaign swept through the area. The area is adjacent to the region where a long-term study was initiated in 2000 and where households are periodically reminded of health risks associated with well-water elevated in As. Results confirm that testing spurs switching away from unsafe wells, although the 27% fraction who switched was only about half of that in the long-term study area. By village, the fraction of households that switched varied with the availability of safe wells and the distance from the long-term study area. Lacking follow-up testing, two years only after the campaign 21% of households did not know the status of their well and 21% of households with an unsafe well that switched did so to an untested well. Well testing is again urgently needed in Bangladesh and should be paired with better ways to raise awareness and the installation of additional deep community wells.

scholarly journals A Long-Term Study of Application of Joshi's External Stabilizing System in Displaced Intra-articular Distal End Radius Fractures

2018 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 049-054
Author(s):  
Rajeev Shukla ◽  
Vishal Champawat ◽  
Ravi Jain
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Radius Fractures ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Extremity Fracture ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Upper Extremity Fracture ◽  
Complex Injuries

Background Fractures of the distal end radius are a common upper extremity fracture. Intra-articular distal end radius fractures are recognized as very complex injuries with a variable prognosis. The aim of the study was to assess the long-term functional outcome of patients treated with Joshi's external stabilizing system (JESS) for displaced intra-articular distal end radius fractures. Materials and Methods A total of 170 patients with intra-articular distal end radius fracture were treated with JESS from 2014 to 2017. The patients were followed up at 2, 6 weeks, 6 months, 1, and 2 years (final) after the surgery. The assessment of pain, range of motion, grip strength, and satisfaction were assessed at 6 months, 1, and 2 years (final) follow-up and scored according to modified Mayo wrist scoring system. Results The good and/or excellent results were found in 82.2% of cases. We observed that patients with age less than 50 years had greater prognosis as compared with patients with more than 50 years of age. Final outcome was also found better in males as compared with females at 6 months, 1, and 2 years postoperatively. Conclusion JESS is an effective treatment technique for intra-articular distal end radius fractures in our community. On long-term follow-up of the patients treated with JESS for intra-articular distal end radius fractures, the functional and radiological outcomes were good with low complication rate.

Long Term Safety Follow Up Of The Observational Study Remicade Safety Under Long-Term Study In COPD (results COPD)

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen I. Rennard ◽  
Susan Flavin ◽  
Prasheen Agarwal ◽  
Kim Hung Lo ◽  
Elliot S. Barnathan
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Long Term Study

A Long-Term Study Following Bennett’s Fracture

1986 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 426-431
Author(s):  
S. R. CANNON ◽  
G. S. E. DOWD ◽  
D. H. WILLIAMS ◽  
J. M. SCOTT
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Trapeziometacarpal Joint ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Bennett’S Fracture ◽  
Varus Angulation

Twenty-five patients with documented Bennett’s Fractures were reviewed five to sixteen years following injury (Mean 9.6 years). The majority of fractures affected the dominant hand and occurred in males. Twenty-two patients were managed conservatively by plaster immobilisation. At review ten patients were asymptomatic and only two had significant symptoms. Examination revealed loss of movement in the trapeziometacarpal joint of the thumb in twenty-one cases. Five of these exhibited malrotation of the thumb. Review of the post reduction radiographs revealed separation of the fragments by 1 mm or more in sixteen patients, but symptoms at follow-up could not be correlated with accuracy of reduction. Twenty-three patients had a varus angulation of the first metacarpal base which could be correlated to the initial post-reduction displacement. There was no correlation with the restriction of movement. Although metacarpal length will only be maintained by reduction of the fracture, there was little evidence that imperfect reduction leads to significant symptomatic arthritis in the long term.

A long-term study of photorefractive keratectomy*112-year follow-up

Ophthalmology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 111 (10) ◽  
pp. 1813-1824 ◽  
Author(s):  
M RAJAN ◽  
P JAYCOCK ◽  
D OBRART ◽  
H NYSTROM ◽  
J MARSHALL
Keyword(s):  
Photorefractive Keratectomy ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Long Term Study

Ankle Arthrodesis: A Long-term Study

Foot & Ankle ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 307-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard V. Abdo ◽  
Stephen A. Wasilewski
Keyword(s):  
Ankle Arthrodesis ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Radiographic Evaluation ◽  
Grading System ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Evaluation Score ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Significant Difference

Few studies of ankle arthrodesis have assessed tarsal mobility. This study was performed to evaluate radiographically the effect of ankle arthrodesis on tarsal motion. Thirty patients (31 ankles) returned for clinical and radiographic examination, review of charts, and completion of questionnarie forms. Radiographs were evaluated for success of fusion, position of fusion, tarsal motion, hindfoot position, and subtalar and midtarsal arthritis. The median follow-up time was 7.0 years (range 2–20 years). Results showed that fusion was achieved in 22 patients (71%). The evaluation score based on the grading system of Mazur et al. 16 correlated with success of fusion and patient satisfaction. However, no correlation existed between evaluation score and tarsal motion or position of fusion in the sagittal or coronal planes. Radiographic evaluation showed no significant difference between tarsal motion of the fused side and the unfused side. Tarsal mobility was not affected by ankle arthrodesis or by the techniques performed to achieve fusion.

Long-term study of high-strength hydroxyapatite/poly(L-lactide) composite rods for the internal fixation of bone fractures: A 2-4-year follow-up study in rabbits

2003 ◽  
Vol 66B (2) ◽  
pp. 539-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinsuke Ishii ◽  
Jiro Tamura ◽  
Taizo Furukawa ◽  
Takashi Nakamura ◽  
Yoshitaka Matsusue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Fixation ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Long Term Study

ACEI-RELATED ANGIOEDEMA: LONG-TERM STUDY FOLLOW-UP OF 111 PATIENTS

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. e417
Author(s):  
L. M. Beltrami ◽  
L. C. Zingale ◽  
R. Vacchini ◽  
L. A. Dalla Vecchia ◽  
S. Carugo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Term Study ◽  
Long Term Study
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document