Anaerobic Treatment of the Centrifuged Solid Fraction of Piggery Wastewater in an Inclined Plug Flow Reactor

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Górecki ◽  
G. Bortone ◽  
A. Tilche
Keyword(s):  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Organic Matter Degradation ◽  
Piggery Wastewater ◽  
Feed Material ◽  
Anaerobic Reactor ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Low Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

This paper reports the experimental results of a 6 months run on a bench scale inclined tubular anaerobic reactor treating centrifuged piggery sludge at 12-18% TS. The particular reactor design was demonstrated to be appropriate for handling this very dense feed material. Reactor performances were very satisfactory: with increasing loading rates up to 10 g COD.1−1.d−1 (corresponding to 12 d HRT the organic matter degradation was always constant around 60%. Methane yield was calculated around 321 CH4/l raw feed. The effluent was well dewaterable and showed low phosphorus levels in the liquid phase. A curious phenomenon of granulation is also discussed.

Phase separation during anaerobic fermentation of solid substrates in an innovative plug-flow reactor

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 303-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuanchi Liu ◽  
Sambhunath Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Plug Flow Reactor ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Solid Substrates ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Acidogenic Phase

Separation of the liquefaction-acidification and gasification phases of anaerobic digestion was studied in a simple, plug-flow reactor (PFR) charged with 3 to 10 wt% solids-content feed slurries. The unmixed PFR had zigzagging parallel channels with floors sloping towards the outlet. Steady-state runs were conducted at hydraulic retention times of 32 to 13 days and organic loading rates (OLRs) of 0.84 to 6.84 kg-VS/m3-d. Phase separation was first observed when the OLR was 2.05 kg-VS/m3-d. Longitudinal pH and volatile fatty acid (VFA) profiles at this OLR showed a lowest pH of 6.10 and a highest VFA accumulation of 1500 mg/l. The acidogenic phase predominated within the first 50 cm from the inlet, and the methanogenic phase prevailed in the remainder of the PFR. At an OLR of 6.84 kg-VS/m3-d the pH dropped to 4.4, and the VFA accumulated to 9600 mg/l with the acidogenic phase extending to 83 cm from the PFR inlet. Unlike a CSTR digester, the PFR always recovered from the initial sour digestion and afforded high VS reductions of 78 to 63% corresponding to methane yields of 0.36 to 0.28 m3/kg-VS added.

scholarly journals Dry fermentation of manure with straw in continuous plug flow reactor: Reactor development and process stability at different loading rates

2017 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 197-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina J. Patinvoh ◽  
Adib Kalantar Mehrjerdi ◽  
Ilona Sárvári Horváth ◽  
Mohammad J. Taherzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Plug Flow Reactor ◽  
Process Stability ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Dry Fermentation

scholarly journals Effect of Biowaste Sludge Maturation on the Diversity of Thermophilic Bacteria and Archaea in an Anaerobic Reactor

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (8) ◽  
pp. 2566-2572 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Goberna ◽  
H. Insam ◽  
I. H. Franke-Whittle
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Thermophilic Bacteria ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
Anaerobic Reactor ◽  
Prokaryotic Diversity ◽  
Major Shift ◽  
Stable Community

ABSTRACT Prokaryotic diversity was investigated near the inlet and outlet of a plug-flow reactor. After analyzing 800 clones, 50 bacterial and 3 archaeal phylogenetic groups were defined. Clostridia (>92%) dominated among bacteria and Methanoculleus (>90%) among archaea. Significant changes in pH and volatile fatty acids did not invoke a major shift in the phylogenetic groups. We suggest that the environmental filter imposed by the saline conditions (20 g liter−1) selected a stable community of halotolerant and halophilic prokaryotes.

A stochastic model for two-station hydraulics exhibiting transient impact

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Jacobsen ◽  
H. Madsen ◽  
P. Harremoès
Keyword(s):  
Parameter Estimation ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Deterministic Model ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Stochastic Methods ◽  
Sewer System ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Water Level Variation ◽  
Deterministic Description ◽  
Linear Reservoir

The objective of the paper is to interpret data on water level variation in a river affected by overflow from a sewer system during rain. The simplest possible, hydraulic description is combined with stochastic methods for data analysis and model parameter estimation. This combination of deterministic and stochastic interpretation is called grey box modelling. As a deterministic description the linear reservoir approximation is used. A series of linear reservoirs in sufficient number will approximate a plug flow reactor. The choice of number is an empirical expression of the longitudinal dispersion in the river. This approximation is expected to be a sufficiently good approximation as a tool for the ultimate aim: the description of pollutant transport in the river. The grey box modelling involves a statistical tool for estimation of the parameters in the deterministic model. The advantage is that the parameters have physical meaning, as opposed to many other statistically estimated, empirical parameters. The identifiability of each parameter, the uncertainty of the parameter estimation and the overall uncertainty of the simulation are determined.

Efficient Production of Light Olefin Based on Methanol Dehydration: Simulation and Design Improvement

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Majid Abdoli ◽  
Mahsa Kianinia
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Ether ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Light Olefins ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Actual Process ◽  
Light Olefin ◽  
Aspen Hysys ◽  
Improved Design

Background: Ethylene, propylene, and butylene as light olefins are the most important intermediates in the petrochemical industry worldwide. Methanol to olefins (MTO) process is a new technology based on catalytic cracking to produce ethylene and propylene from methanol. Aims and Objective: This study aims to simulate the process of producing ethylene from methanol by using Aspen HYSYS software from the initial design to the improved design. Methods: Ethylene is produced in a two-step reaction. In an equilibrium reactor, the methanol is converted to dimethyl ether by an equilibrium reaction. The conversion of the produced dimethyl ether to ethylene is done in a conversion reactor. Changes have been made to improve the conditions and get closer to the actual process design done in the industry. The plug flow reactor has been replaced by the equilibrium reactor, and the distillation column was employed to separate the dimethyl ether produced from the reactor. Result and Conclusion: The effect of the various parameters on the ethylene production was investigated. Eventually, ethylene is

Enhancing Fenton-like oxidation of crystal violet over Fe/ZSM-5 in a plug flow reactor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Modarresi-Motlagh ◽  
Fatemeh Bahadori ◽  
Mohammad Ghadiri ◽  
Arash Afghan
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Violet ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Plug Flow Reactor

scholarly journals The Effect of Mg and Zn Dopants on Pt/Al2O3 for the Dehydrogenation of Perhydrodibenzyltoluene

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 490
Author(s):  
Rudaviro Garidzirai ◽  
Phillimon Modisha ◽  
Innocent Shuro ◽  
Jacobus Visagie ◽  
Pieter van Helden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Temperature Programmed

The effects of Mg and Zn dopants on the catalytic performance of Pt/Al2O3 catalyst were investigated for dehydrogenation of perhydrodibenzyltoluene (H18-DBT) as a liquid organic hydrogen carrier. Al2O3 supports were modified with Mg and Zn to produce Mg-Al2O3 and Zn-Al2O3 with a target loading of 3.8 wt.% for dopants. The modified supports were impregnated with chloroplatinic acid solution to produce the catalysts Pt/Al2O3, Pt/Mg-Al2O3 and Pt/Zn-Al2O3 of 0.5 wt.% Pt loading. Thereafter, the catalysts were characterised using inductively coupled plasma- optical emission spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction, carbon-monoxide pulse chemisorption, ammonia temperature-programmed desorption, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The dehydrogenation experiments were performed using a horizontal plug flow reactor system and the catalyst time-on-stream was 22 h. Pt/Mg-Al2O3 showed the highest average hydrogen flowrate of 29 nL/h, while an average of 27 nL/h was obtained for both Pt/Al2O3 and Pt/Zn-Al2O3. This has resulted in a hydrogen yield of 80% for Pt/Mg-Al2O3, 71% for Pt/Zn-Al2O3 and 73% for Pt/Al2O3. In addition, the conversion of H18-DBT ranges from 99% to 92%, Pt 97–90% and 96–90% for Pt/Mg-Al2O3, Pt/Zn-Al2O3 and Pt/Al2O3, respectively. Following the latter catalyst order, the selectivity to dibenzyltoluene (H0-DBT) ranges from 78% to 57%, 75–51% and 71–45%. Therefore, Pt/Mg-Al2O3 showed improved catalytic performance towards dehydrogenation of H18-DBT.

Anaerobic digestion of pineapple pulp and peel in a plug-flow reactor

2012 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 40-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pimjai Namsree ◽  
Worakrit Suvajittanont ◽  
Chureerat Puttanlek ◽  
Dudsadee Uttapap ◽  
Vilai Rungsardthong
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Plug Flow Reactor ◽  
Pineapple Pulp
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