Extraction of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from biofilms using a cation exchange resin

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 157-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Jahn ◽  
P. H. Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Batch Culture ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Plate Count

A cation exchange resin was used to extract water soluble EPS material from different sewer biofilms and a biofilm monoculture of P.putida. The extraction method seemed to be especially suitable for extracting humic substances and proteins from biofilms but also carbohydrate could be extracted, depending on the nature of the sample. Extraction conditions must be well defined because the extraction efficiency was dependent on stirring intensity, amount of cation exchange resin and extraction time. Up to 20% of the total biofilm protein was found in the DOWEX-extractable fraction. No significant cell-lysis up to 2 hours of extraction time could be detected by acridine orange (AO) direct counts. The same was true when applying the extraction method to a batch culture of P.putida. However, the number of viable cells in the batch culture as recorded by plate count technique was reduced to 28 % after 30 min of extraction. In conclusion, proteins and humic substances can be extracted from biofilm EPS in considerable amounts and should be investigated more in detail when analysing the properties of the EPS matrix of a biofilm.

scholarly journals Effects of Experimental Conditions on Extraction Yield of Extracellular Polymeric Substances by Cation Exchange Resin

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinwoo Cho ◽  
Slawomir W. Hermanowicz ◽  
Jin Hur
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Maximum Amount ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Sample Dilution

Effects of experimental conditions on the yield of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) extraction by cation exchange resin (CER) were investigated using activated sludge flocs. The experimental variables included resin dose, extraction time, sample dilution, and storage time. An empirical model was proposed to describe the kinetics of extraction process. The extraction yield increases with the extraction time and CER dose until it reached the maximum amount of EPS extraction. The maximum yield of EPS was affected as well by the sample dilution, exhibiting a decreasing trend with increasing dilution factor. It was also found that the amount of EPS extracted from a raw sample depends on the storage time. Once EPS was extracted from the sample, however, the EPS keeps its original quantity under storage at 4°C. Based on the model, the maximum amount of EPS extraction and yield rate could be estimated for different conditions. Comparing the model parameters allows one to quantitatively compare the extraction efficiencies under various extracting conditions. Based on the results, we recommend the original sample should be diluted with the volume ratio of above 1 : 2 and a raw sample should be treated quickly to prevent the reduction of sample homogeneity and original integrity.

Ion Exchange Method for Rapid Determination of Alkalinity of Water-Soluble Tea Ash Containing High Levels of Manganese

1980 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 460-461
Author(s):  
Saidul Z Qureshi ◽  
Fadhil M Najib ◽  
Fahmi A Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Exchange Method ◽  
Strong Cation Exchange ◽  
Ion Exchange Method

Abstract An ion exchange method to determine the alkalinity of water-soluble tea ash containing high levels of manganese is described. A chromatographic column containing a strong cation exchange resin (20–50 mesh) in Na+ form, with a bed volume of 5 mL is used. The present ion exchange method is compared to pH titrations and also to the official AOAC methods (31.012, 31.015, 31.016). Results with the new method are accurate and precise.

Comparison of extraction methods for the characterization of extracellular polymeric substances from aggregates of three biofilm-forming phototrophic microorganisms

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 887-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilie Loustau ◽  
Jean-Luc Rols ◽  
Joséphine Leflaive ◽  
Claire-Emmanuelle Marcato-Romain ◽  
Elisabeth Girbal-Neuhauser
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Cell Lysis ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Nitzschia Palea ◽  
Phototrophic Microorganisms

This paper aims to define a robust procedure to extract extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from aggregates of three benthic phototrophic microorganisms: the cyanobacterium Phormidium autumnale, the diatom Nitzschia palea, and the green alga Uronema confervicolum. This study focuses on the extraction efficiency of polysaccharide and protein EPS by using two physical methods (sonication, cation exchange resin) and three chemical methods (formamide, EDTA, Tween 20) with minimum cell lysis. Cell lysis was evaluated by monitoring chlorophyll a release. The results indicated that sonication or incubation of the algae aggregates with 0.25% Tween 20 induced a high level of cell lysis. A combined extraction approach, with an initial dispersing pretreatment (Ultra-Turrax, 13 500 r·min–1, 1 min), followed by formamide addition (0.22%) and then incubation with Dowex cation exchange resin (50 g per g of dry biomass), provided the highest amount of extracted EPS (mostly proteins), with low cell lysis. Furthermore, extracted EPS were characterized by size exclusion chromatography, and the obtained fingerprints revealed similar profiles for the three benthic microorganisms with a majority of low molecular weight polymers (400 to 11 300 Da). However, additional EPS of high (>600 000 Da) and intermediate (20 000 to 80 000 Da) molecular sizes were specifically detected in the diatom extracts.

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