Degradation and transformation of natural organic matter accountable for disinfection byproduct formations by UV photolysis and UV/chlor(am)ine

Abstract This research aimed to investigate the degradation of natural organic matter responsible for the formation of trihalomethane (THM), haloacetic acid (HAA) and haloacetonitrile (HAN) during ultraviolet (UV) photolysis and a co-exposure of UV with chlorine (UV/chlorine) and chloramine (UV/chloramine). Low pressure UV (LPUV) and vacuum UV (VUV) lamps were used for photolysis. VUV and LPUV irradiation changed aromatic/unsaturated structures to aliphatic ones, resulting in decreased THM and HAN formation. Following irradiation for 60 min, LPUV decreased THM and HAN by 16% ± 2% and 20% ± 6%, respectively. VUV decreased THM and HAN formation by 23% ± 3% and 20% ± 8%, respectively. HAA formation increased following photolysis. UV/chlorine treatment decreased THM, HAA and HAN. Higher chlorine doses had an inversely proportional relationship with THM and HAN formation. A chlorine dose of 4 mg·L−1 led to the greatest reductions, corresponding to 42% ± 2%, 10% ± 10% and 18% ± 6% for THM, HAA and HAN, respectively. UV/chloramine decreased the formation of THM more than UV/chlorine. With a chloramine dose of 4 mg·L−1, THM, HAA and HAN formation decreased by 74% ± 10%, 10% ± 10% and 11% ± 10%, respectively. This study showed the potential use of UV/chlor(am)ine for controlling the formation of THM, HAA and HAN.

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Removal of natural organic matter and disinfection byproduct precursors from drinking water using photocatalytically regenerable nanoscale adsorbents

Chemosphere ◽

10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.11.102 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 218 ◽

pp. 52-63 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Stephanie L. Gora ◽

Susan A. Andrews

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Natural Organic Matter ◽

Disinfection Byproduct

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Comparison of disinfection byproduct (DBP) formation from different UV technologies at bench scale

Water Science & Technology Water Supply ◽

10.2166/ws.2002.0212 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 2 (5-6) ◽

pp. 515-521 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

W. Liu ◽

S.A. Andrews ◽

J.R. Bolton ◽

K.G. Linden ◽

C. Sharpless ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Carboxylic Acids ◽

Natural Organic Matter ◽

Uv Irradiation ◽

Direct Action ◽

Disinfection Byproduct ◽

Pressure Medium ◽

The Impact ◽

As Effects

The impact of UV irradiation on disinfection byproduct (DBP) formation was investigated for low pressure, medium pressure and pulsed UV technologies using a broad range of UV doses. Four classes of DBPs (THMs, HAAs, aldehydes and carboxylic acids) were examined. This enabled the determination of effects resulting from the direct action of UV irradiation on natural organic matter (aldehydes, carboxylic acids) as well as effects on the ultimate formation of chlorinated DBPs (THMs and HAAs) from secondary chlorination. For doses of less than 1,000 mJ/cm2, UV irradiation did not affect THM and HAA formation in subsequent chlorination processes, however higher UV doses resulted in lower ultimate concentrations of THMs and HAAs. UV irradiation also resulted in the formation of aldehydes and carboxylic acids at UV doses above 500 mJ/cm2, compounds that are known to adversely effect drinking water biostability.

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Impact of chlorine exposure time on disinfection byproduct formation in the presence of iopamidol and natural organic matter during chloramination

Journal of Environmental Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.jes.2018.09.022 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 78 ◽

pp. 204-214 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Nana Osei B. Ackerson ◽

Alexis H. Killinger ◽

Hannah K. Liberatore ◽

Thomas A. Ternes ◽

Michael J. Plewa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Natural Organic Matter ◽

Exposure Time ◽

Disinfection Byproduct ◽

Byproduct Formation

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TiO2Photocatalysis of Natural Organic Matter in Surface Water: Impact on Trihalomethane and Haloacetic Acid Formation Potential

Environmental Science & Technology ◽

10.1021/es800887s ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 42 (16) ◽

pp. 6218-6223 ◽

Cited By ~ 85

Author(s):

Sanly Liu ◽

May Lim ◽

Rolando Fabris ◽

Christopher Chow ◽

Mary Drikas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Surface Water ◽

Natural Organic Matter ◽

Acid Formation ◽

Water Impact ◽

Haloacetic Acid ◽

Formation Potential

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Role of tertiary amines in enhancing trihalomethane and haloacetic acid formation during chlorination of aromatic compounds and a natural organic matter extract

Environmental Science Water Research & Technology ◽

10.1039/c7ew00439g ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (5) ◽

pp. 663-679 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Kun Huang ◽

Amisha D. Shah

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Organic Compound ◽

Natural Organic Matter ◽

Aromatic Compounds ◽

Acid Formation ◽

Tertiary Amines ◽

Haloacetic Acid ◽

Anthropogenic Inputs

Tertiary amines are prevalent in waters due to anthropogenic inputs and are known to enhance organic compound degradation while increasing disinfection by-product (DBP) formation, via the strong chlorinating agent, R3N–Cl+.

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