Role of tertiary amines in enhancing trihalomethane and haloacetic acid formation during chlorination of aromatic compounds and a natural organic matter extract

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 663-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Huang ◽  
Amisha D. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Compound ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Acid Formation ◽  
Tertiary Amines ◽  
Haloacetic Acid ◽  
Anthropogenic Inputs

Tertiary amines are prevalent in waters due to anthropogenic inputs and are known to enhance organic compound degradation while increasing disinfection by-product (DBP) formation, via the strong chlorinating agent, R3N–Cl+.

TiO2Photocatalysis of Natural Organic Matter in Surface Water: Impact on Trihalomethane and Haloacetic Acid Formation Potential

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (16) ◽  
pp. 6218-6223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanly Liu ◽  
May Lim ◽  
Rolando Fabris ◽  
Christopher Chow ◽  
Mary Drikas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Acid Formation ◽  
Water Impact ◽  
Haloacetic Acid ◽  
Formation Potential

scholarly journals Degradation and transformation of natural organic matter accountable for disinfection byproduct formations by UV photolysis and UV/chlor(am)ine

2018 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 929-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanathip Hirun-Utok ◽  
Songkeart Phattarapattamawong
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Haloacetic Acid ◽  
Uv Photolysis ◽  
Disinfection Byproduct ◽  
Proportional Relationship ◽  
Vacuum Uv ◽  
Potential Use

Abstract This research aimed to investigate the degradation of natural organic matter responsible for the formation of trihalomethane (THM), haloacetic acid (HAA) and haloacetonitrile (HAN) during ultraviolet (UV) photolysis and a co-exposure of UV with chlorine (UV/chlorine) and chloramine (UV/chloramine). Low pressure UV (LPUV) and vacuum UV (VUV) lamps were used for photolysis. VUV and LPUV irradiation changed aromatic/unsaturated structures to aliphatic ones, resulting in decreased THM and HAN formation. Following irradiation for 60 min, LPUV decreased THM and HAN by 16% ± 2% and 20% ± 6%, respectively. VUV decreased THM and HAN formation by 23% ± 3% and 20% ± 8%, respectively. HAA formation increased following photolysis. UV/chlorine treatment decreased THM, HAA and HAN. Higher chlorine doses had an inversely proportional relationship with THM and HAN formation. A chlorine dose of 4 mg·L−1 led to the greatest reductions, corresponding to 42% ± 2%, 10% ± 10% and 18% ± 6% for THM, HAA and HAN, respectively. UV/chloramine decreased the formation of THM more than UV/chlorine. With a chloramine dose of 4 mg·L−1, THM, HAA and HAN formation decreased by 74% ± 10%, 10% ± 10% and 11% ± 10%, respectively. This study showed the potential use of UV/chlor(am)ine for controlling the formation of THM, HAA and HAN.

Application of composite flocculants for removing organic matter and mitigating ultrafiltration membrane fouling in surface water treatment: the role of composite ratio

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 2242-2250
Author(s):  
Xue Shen ◽  
Baoyu Gao ◽  
Kangying Guo ◽  
Qinyan Yue
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Membrane Permeability ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Ultrafiltration Membrane ◽  
Surface Water Treatment ◽  
Ultrafiltration Membrane Fouling

Coagulation prior to the ultrafiltration (UF) process was implemented to improve natural organic matter (NOM) removal and membrane permeability.

Investigation of membrane fouling by synthetic and natural particles

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (12) ◽  
pp. 279-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H. Kweon ◽  
D.F. Lawler
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Clay Material ◽  
Dramatic Effect ◽  
Flux Decline ◽  
Scanning Electron

The biggest impediment for applying membrane processes is fouling that comes from mass flux (such as particle and organic matter) to the membrane surface and its pores. Numerous research articles have indicated that either particles or natural organic matter (NOM) has been the most detrimental foulant. Therefore, the role of particles in membrane fouling was investigated with two synthetic waters (having either particles alone or particles with simple organic matter) and a natural water. Membrane fouling was evaluated with flux decline behavior and direct images from scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the combined fouling by kaolin and dextran (a simple organic compound selected as a surrogate for NOM) showed no difference from the fouling with only the organic matter. The similarity might stem from the fact that dextran (i.e., polysaccharide) has no ability to be adsorbed on the clay material, so that the polysaccharide behaves the same with respect to the membrane with or without clay material being present. In contrast to kaolin, the natural particles showed a dramatic effect on membrane fouling.

Role of Divalent Cations on Deposition ofCryptosporidium parvumOocysts on Natural Organic Matter Surfaces

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 4519-4524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dao Janjaroen ◽  
Yuanyuan Liu ◽  
Mark S. Kuhlenschmidt ◽  
Theresa B. Kuhlenschmidt ◽  
Thanh H. Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Divalent Cations

Role of natural organic matter (NOM), colloidal particles, and solution chemistry on ultrafiltration performance

2011 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.W. Zularisam ◽  
Anwar Ahmad ◽  
Mimi Sakinah ◽  
A.F. Ismail ◽  
T. Matsuura
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Colloidal Particles ◽  
Solution Chemistry
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