Representations of Linguistic and Ethnocultural Diversity in Poland's Education Policy, National School Curricula and Textbooks

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Kowalski
Author(s):  
Alexandra L. Cermeño ◽  
Kerstin Enflo ◽  
Johannes Lindvall

Abstract This paper examines the relationship between the coming of the railroads, the expansion of primary education, and the introduction of national school curricula. Using fine-grained data on local education outcomes in Sweden in the nineteenth century, the paper tests the idea that the development of the railroad network enabled national school inspectors to monitor remote schools more effectively. In localities to which school inspectors could travel by rail, a larger share of children attended permanent public schools and took classes in nation-building subjects such as geography and history. By contrast, the parochial interests of local and religious authorities continued to dominate in remote areas school inspectors could not reach by train. The paper argues for a causal interpretation of these findings, which are robust for the share of children in permanent schools and suggestive for the content of the curriculum. The paper therefore concludes that the railroad, the defining innovation of the First Industrial Revolution, mattered directly for the state's ability to implement public policies.


Author(s):  
Eduardo Andere

This chapter details the main changes in all school curricula focusing on the peruskoulu (comprehensive school) curriculum for grades 1 to 9. The chapter begins with a list of 21 elements or characteristics of Finnish education, what I call “the Finnish way.” Then, it describes, in great detail, the structure of the new 1–9 peruskoulu curriculum, the transversal competencies or themes in all curricula at all levels of school education, and how those competencies or themes are actually made a part of the content curriculum. This chapter has a section about the process, that is, how the Finnish authorities built the new curriculum. It was built with a lot of collaboration among many stakeholders. Based on interviews with governmental experts, the building process is explained in the section on building institutional and organizational capacity.


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