Abstract
Background and objectivesThe cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects outcomes. However, relative risks for adverse outcomes according to specific causes of CKD are not well studied.Design, setting, participants and measurementsProspective cohort study from KNOW-CKD cohort were analyzed using overlap propensity score weighting methods. Patients were grouped into four categories according to the cause of CKD: glomerulonephritis (GN), diabetic nephropathy (DN), hypertensive nephropathy (HTN), or polycystic kidney disease (PKD). From a total of 2,070 patients, the relative risk of kidney failure, composite of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality, and the slope of the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline according to the cause of CKD were compared between causative groups pairwisely.ResultsThere were 565 cases of kidney failure and 259 cases of composite CVD and death over 6.0 years of follow-up. Hazard ratios of the PKD group for kidney failure were significantly increased at 1.82, 2.23, and 1.73 compared to GN, HTN, and DN, respectively. Hazard ratios of the DN group for the composite of CVD and death were also significantly increased at 2.07, and 1.73 compared to GN, and HTN, respectively. The adjusted eGFR decline slope for DN and PKD groups was -3.07, and -3.37 mL/min/1.73m2 per year, respectively, and all of these values were significantly different than those of the GN and HTN groups (-2.16, and -1.42 mL/min/1.73m2 per year, respectively).ConclusionsRisks for renal progression were relatively higher in patients with PKD compared to other causes of CKD. However, the composite of CVD and death were relatively higher in patients with DN-related CKD than those with GN- and HTN-related CKD.
Association between Serum Inorganic Phosphorus Levels and Adverse Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease: The Fukushima CKD Cohort Study