scholarly journals Role of badger setts in life of other carnivores

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia V. Sidorchuk ◽  
Michail V. Maslov ◽  
Vyacheslav V. Rozhnov
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Interactions ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Brown Bear ◽  
Black Bear ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Nyctereutes Procyonoides ◽  
Lynx Lynx ◽  
Raccoon Dog ◽  
Asiatic Black Bear

A study of interspecific interactions of European (Meles meles) and Asian (M. leucurus) badgers with other carnivores at badger setts was carried out in Darwin Reserve (European part  of Russia) and in Ussuriisk Reserve (Russian Far East) in 2006-2011. We used camera traps for the registration of visits of carnivore mammals to the badger setts. Overall, 11 species were recorded. In both reserves, badger setts attract carnivore species during the whole year. Some predators visit badger setts regularly. The visitors can be divided into two groups: species searching shelter, or searching prey. The first group includes raccoon dog Nyctereutes procyonoides and red fox Vulpes vulpes. Raccoon dog was the most frequent visitor in both study areas (34 visits in Darwin reserve and 73 in Ussuriisk reserve). The second group includes lynx Lynx lynx and wolf Canis lupus in Darwin reserve and Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus, brown bear U. arctos, yellow-throated marten Martes flavigula aterrima and lynx Lynx lynx in Ussuriisk reserve. Smaller predators are also included into the second group because they can find prey at badger setts too: leopard cat Prionailurus bengalensis euptilura, sable Martes zibellina and Siberian weasel Mustela sibirica in Ussuriisk reserve and European pine marten Martes martes in Darwin reserve. No cases of  aggressive interactions between the badgers and the visitors were recorded. But we noted two cases of change of sett owners and one case when raccoon dog removed dead badger cubs from the sett.

scholarly journals Mammals of the Bhagirathi basin, Western Himalaya: understanding distribution along spatial gradients of habitats and disturbances

Oryx ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ranjana Pal ◽  
Shagun Thakur ◽  
Shashank Arya ◽  
Tapajit Bhattacharya ◽  
Sambandam Sathyakumar
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Brown Bear ◽  
Black Bear ◽  
Lynx Lynx ◽  
Panthera Tigris ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Eurasian Lynx ◽  
Asiatic Black Bear ◽  
Cuon Alpinus

Abstract Understanding the distribution of wildlife species and their response to diverse anthropogenic pressures is important for conservation planning and management of wildlife space in human-dominated landscapes. Assessments of anthropogenic impacts on mammals of the Indian Himalayan Region have mostly been limited to locations inside protected areas. We studied the occurrence of mammals in an unexplored landscape, the 7,586 km2 Bhagirathi basin, at an altitude of 500–5,200 m. The basin encompasses wilderness areas of various habitat types and protection status that are exposed to a range of anthropogenic pressures. Camera trapping at 209 locations during October 2015–September 2017 confirmed the occurrence of 39 species of mammals, nine of which are categorized as threatened (four Vulnerable, five Endangered) and four as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List. We recorded five mammal species that were hitherto undocumented in Uttarakhand State: the argali Ovis ammon, Tibetan sand fox Vulpes ferrilata, woolly hare Lepus oiostolus, Eurasian lynx Lynx lynx and woolly flying squirrel Eupetaurus cinereus. In addition, we recorded two Endangered species, the dhole Cuon alpinus and tiger Panthera tigris. Threatened species such as the sambar Rusa unicolor, common leopard Panthera pardus and Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus occur in a wide variety of habitats despite anthropogenic disturbance. We recorded the snow leopard Panthera uncia in areas with high livestock density but temporally segregated from human activities. The musk deer Moschus spp. and Himalayan brown bear Ursus arctos isabellinus were recorded in subalpine habitats and appeared to be less affected by human and livestock presence. Our findings highlight the potential of the Bhagirathi basin as a stronghold for conservation of several threatened and rare mammal species.

scholarly journals Biochemical Content of Cambium ofAbies nephrolepisEaten by Bears on the Far East of Russia

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Seryodkin ◽  
A. M. Zakharenko ◽  
P. S. Dmitrenok ◽  
K. S. Golokhvast
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Brown Bear ◽  
Black Bear ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuations ◽  
Normal Functioning ◽  
Primorsky Krai ◽  
Asiatic Black Bear ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Summer Time ◽  
Important Purpose

The peculiarity of bears behavior of stripping of bark is typical for all species. We have described the damage to trees, by Asiatic black bear(Ursus thibetanus)and brown bear(U. arctos)in Primorsky Krai and by brown bears on the Sakhalin Island during 1998–2015. In this study, we studied the damaged bark of the tree only in cases where it was clear that part of the cambium was eaten by bears. Cambium of speciesAbies nephrolepisis the most preferred for bear consumption in Primorsky Krai. We distinguished very large seasonal fluctuations in the amount of its consumption. The greatest interest of bears in this kind of food is in the summer time. We have analyzed the composition of the cambium ofA. nephrolepis. These results suggest that the important purpose of the use of this kind of food is to restore and maintain the normal functioning of the intestines.

Mitochondrial CytochromebGene Variation in Brown Bear (Ursus arctosLinnaeus, 1758) from Southern Part of Russian Far East

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 1392-1397 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Yu. Gus’kov ◽  
I. N. Sheremet’eva ◽  
I. V. Seredkin ◽  
A. P. Kryukov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Brown Bear

scholarly journals Francisella tularensis in Swedish predators and scavengers

2019 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Hestvik ◽  
H. Uhlhorn ◽  
M. Koene ◽  
S. Åkerström ◽  
A. Malmsten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Francisella Tularensis ◽  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Red Fox ◽  
Brown Bear ◽  
Nyctereutes Procyonoides ◽  
Lynx Lynx ◽  
Eurasian Lynx ◽  
Slide Agglutination ◽  
Microagglutination Test ◽  
Wild Predators

Abstract Tularaemia is a zoonotic disease, in Europe caused by Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica. Many lagomorphs and a variety of small rodents are wildlife species prone to develop clinical disease, while predators and scavengers are relatively resistant and may serve as sentinels. Blood samples from 656 Swedish wild predators and scavengers were serologically investigated using slide agglutination and microagglutination. In the slide agglutination test, 34 seropositive animals were detected, and they were found among all species investigated: brown bear (Ursus arctos), Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx), raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides), red fox (Vulpes vulpes), wild boar (Sus scrofa), wolf (Canis lupus) and wolverine (Gulo gulo). Due to haemolysis the microagglutination test was more difficult to read at low titres, and only 12 animals were classified as seropositive. F. tularensis subsp. holarctica was detected by a polymerase chain reaction in lymphatic tissues of the head in one brown bear, one red fox and one wolf. The significance of this finding regarding possible latency of infection is not clear. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that all predator and scavenger species included in this study may serve as sentinels for tularaemia in Sweden. Their role as reservoirs is unclear.

scholarly journals Temporal overlap of carnivorous mammal community and their prey in Khao Ang Rue Nai Wildlife Sanctuary, Chachoengsao Province, Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronglarp Sukmasuang ◽  
Khwanrutai Charaspet ◽  
JITTIMA REONTIK ◽  
MANANYA Pla-ard
Keyword(s):  
Coming Out ◽  
Black Bear ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Wildlife Sanctuary ◽  
Asiatic Black Bear ◽  
Carnivorous Species ◽  
Mammal Community ◽  
Indian Mongoose ◽  
Small Indian Mongoose ◽  
Temporal Overlap

Abstract. Sukmasuang R, Charaspet K, Reontik J, Pla-ard M. 2020. Temporal overlap of carnivorous mammal community and their prey in Khao Ang Rue Nai Wildlife sanctuary, Chachoengsao Province, Thailand. Biodiversitas 21: 922-932. This study on the temporal overlap of the carnivorous community and their prey in Khao Ang Rue Nai Wildlife Sanctuary was conducted from March 2017 to February 2018. Camera traps were deployed systematically with a total of 4,463 trap nights. Fourteen carnivorous mammals were recorded, which were mainly present at night, with the exception of the dhole, small Indian mongoose, crab-eating mongoose, and yellow-throated marten. The clouded leopard's presence overlapped between day and night. Using the average coefficient overlap(Δ) between a carnivore, and the other carnivorous species, the leopard cat was found to have the highest Δ value, followed by the hog badger, Asiatic jackal, small Indian civet, Asian palm civet, large Indian civet, large spotted civet, Asiatic black bear, dhole, Malayan sun bear, yellow-throated marten, small Indian mongoose, crab-eating mongoose, and clouded leopard. The potential prey species that had the highest Δwith the carnivorous species, was the Siamese hare. This study shows the importance of preserving the carnivorous community within the area. An important threat is a likelihood that carnivorous species in the area may be exposed to external diseases from infected domestic animals when coming out to hunt in the communities surrounding the protected area.

scholarly journals Long-term effects of cultural filtering on megafauna species distributions across China

2019 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 486-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuqing N. Teng ◽  
Chi Xu ◽  
Licheng Teng ◽  
Jens-Christian Svenning
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Brown Bear ◽  
Black Bear ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Asiatic Black Bear ◽  
Sociocultural Processes ◽  
The Impact

Human activities currently play a dominant role in shaping and eroding Earth’s biodiversity, but the historical dynamics leading to this situation are poorly understood and contentious. Importantly, these dynamics are often studied and discussed without an emphasis on cultural evolution, despite its potential importance for past and present biodiversity dynamics. Here, we investigate whether cultural filtering, defined as the impact of cultural evolution on species presence, has driven the range dynamics of five historically widespread megafauna taxa (Asiatic elephant, rhinoceroses, tiger, Asiatic black bear, and brown bear) across China over the past 2 millennia. Data on megafauna and sociocultural history were compiled from Chinese administrative records. While faunal dynamics in China are often linked to climate change at these time scales, our results reveal cultural filtering as the dominant driver of range contractions in all five taxa. This finding suggests that the millennia-long spread of agricultural land and agricultural intensification, often accompanied by expansion of the Han culture, has been responsible for the extirpation of these megafauna species from much of China. Our results suggest that cultural filtering is important for understanding society’s role in the assembly of contemporary communities from historical regional species pools. Our study provides direct evidence that cultural evolution since ancient times has overshadowed climate change in shaping broadscale megafauna biodiversity patterns, reflecting the strong and increasing importance of sociocultural processes in the biosphere.

scholarly journals Activity pattern of Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus) in Machiara National Park, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babar Zahoor ◽  
Xuehua Liu ◽  
Basharat Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Activity Pattern ◽  
National Park ◽  
Black Bear ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Black Bears ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Asiatic Black Bear

Abstract The Asiatic black bear is considered an indicator species of the environment, hence, any change in the environment may alter its activity pattern. We monitored the monthly activity pattern of black bears in the moist temperate forests of Machiara National Park, AJ&K, Pakistan. We used infrared camera traps and indigenous knowledge for data collection from April 2019 to April 2021. Camera traps recorded 109 (inside the forest = 107, outside the forest = 2) independent registrations (IR) within 5541 (692.63 ± 36.72, mean ± SD) camera days. We found that (i) spring and autumn were the lowest activity seasons of black bears inside the forest. (ii) Whereas, the highest activities were recorded in summer with peak activities in August followed by July (χ2 = 203.5, df= 7, P< 0.05). (iii) The activity level sharply declined after August and halted from late November to late April which was clear indication of bears’ hibernation period. We collected indigenous knowledge from 70 selected persons, including hunters, herders, temporary residents and crop raiding victims. We used the data of human observation of latest three years and found that (i) bears remained active from May to November and hibernated rest of the period. (ii) The activities were at their peak inside the forest in summer (May – August) and out of the forest in autumn (September – November) when it preferred to raid the widely cultivated maize crop (Zea mays) in the area. The capturing of black bears by camera traps outside the forest further supported the data provided by local people. Such switching over might have occurred due to the food preferences for Zea mays or easy access to abundant food availability out of the forest area. The current data can help mitigate human black bears conflict and consequently future conservation of black bears in the area.

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