scholarly journals Sandia National Laboratories Small-Scale Sensitivity Testing (SSST) Report: Calcium Nitrate Mixtures with Various Fuels

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Joe Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Scale Sensitivity

Robust Volume-Based Approach for the Turbulent Mixing Efficiency

2005 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 864-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto C. Aguirre ◽  
Haris J. Catrakis ◽  
Jennifer C. Nathman ◽  
Philip J. Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Turbulent Mixing ◽  
Mixture Fraction ◽  
Mixing Efficiency ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Fluid Interfaces ◽  
Pure Fluid ◽  
Scale Sensitivity ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mixed Fluid

This paper considers the mixture fraction which is often used to quantify the turbulent mixing efficiency in fluid engineering devices. We contrast a volume-based approach, where the mixture fraction is quantified directly using the volume bounded by the interface between mixed versus pure fluid, to a surface-based approach that requires area integrals of all mixed-fluid interfaces. Experimentally, we investigate the resolution-scale robustness of the volume-based approach compared to the small-scale sensitivity of the surface-based approach. The difference in robustness between these approaches has implications for examining, modeling, and optimizing the turbulent mixing efficiency.

scholarly journals SMALL-SCALE IMPACT SENSITIVITY TESTING ON EDC37

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
P HSU ◽  
G HUST ◽  
J MAIENSCHEIN
Keyword(s):  
Impact Sensitivity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Sensitivity Testing

Reasons to strike first

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Buckner ◽  
Luke Glowacki
Keyword(s):  
Intergroup Conflict ◽  
Small Scale

Abstract De Dreu and Gross predict that attackers will have more difficulty winning conflicts than defenders. As their analysis is presumed to capture the dynamics of decentralized conflict, we consider how their framework compares with ethnographic evidence from small-scale societies, as well as chimpanzee patterns of intergroup conflict. In these contexts, attackers have significantly more success in conflict than predicted by De Dreu and Gross's model. We discuss the possible reasons for this disparity.

Exploring Coronal Structures with SOHO

2000 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 403-406
Author(s):  
M. Karovska ◽  
B. Wood ◽  
J. Chen ◽  
J. Cook ◽  
R. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Solar Corona ◽  
Image Enhancement ◽  
Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
Dynamical Evolution ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Contrast Structures ◽  
Scale Structures ◽  
Small Scale Structures ◽  
Coronal Structures

AbstractWe applied advanced image enhancement techniques to explore in detail the characteristics of the small-scale structures and/or the low contrast structures in several Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) observed by SOHO. We highlight here the results from our studies of the morphology and dynamical evolution of CME structures in the solar corona using two instruments on board SOHO: LASCO and EIT.

Scanning tunneling microscopy and atomic force microscopy: New tools for biology

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 778-779
Author(s):  
CE Bracker ◽  
P. K. Hansma
Keyword(s):  
Physical Property ◽  
Scanning Probe ◽  
Scanning Tunneling ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Tunneling Microscopy ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
New Family ◽  
Small Probe ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Transmission Electron

A new family of scanning probe microscopes has emerged that is opening new horizons for investigating the fine structure of matter. The earliest and best known of these instruments is the scanning tunneling microscope (STM). First published in 1982, the STM earned the 1986 Nobel Prize in Physics for two of its inventors, G. Binnig and H. Rohrer. They shared the prize with E. Ruska for his work that had led to the development of the transmission electron microscope half a century earlier. It seems appropriate that the award embodied this particular blend of the old and the new because it demonstrated to the world a long overdue respect for the enormous contributions electron microscopy has made to the understanding of matter, and at the same time it signalled the dawn of a new age in microscopy. What we are seeing is a revolution in microscopy and a redefinition of the concept of a microscope.Several kinds of scanning probe microscopes now exist, and the number is increasing. What they share in common is a small probe that is scanned over the surface of a specimen and measures a physical property on a very small scale, at or near the surface. Scanning probes can measure temperature, magnetic fields, tunneling currents, voltage, force, and ion currents, among others.

Structures of chemically stabilized ceramics

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 924-925
Author(s):  
Pratibha L. Gai ◽  
M. A. Saltzberg ◽  
L.G. Hanna ◽  
S.C. Winchester
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Nitrate Hexahydrate ◽  
Chemical Route ◽  
Cubic Form ◽  
Tetragonal Form ◽  
Wet Chemical ◽  
Wet Chemical Route ◽  
Final Composition ◽  
Aluminium Nitrate Nonahydrate

Silica based ceramics are some of the most fundamental in crystal chemistry. The cristobalite form of silica has two modifications, α (low temperature, tetragonal form) and β (high temperature, cubic form). This paper describes our structural studies of unusual chemically stabilized cristobalite (CSC) material, a room temperature silica-based ceramic containing small amounts of dopants, prepared by a wet chemical route. It displays many of the structural charatcteristics of the high temperature β-cristobalite (∼270°C), but does not undergo phase inversion to α-cristobalite upon cooling. The Structure of α-cristobalite is well established, but that of β is not yet fully understood.Compositions with varying Ca/Al ratio and substitutions in cristobalite were prepared in the series, CaO:Al2O3:SiO2 : 3-x: x : 40, with x= 0-3. For CSC, a clear sol was prepared from Du Pont colloidal silica, Ludox AS-40®, aluminium nitrate nonahydrate, and calcium nitrate hexahydrate in proportions to form a final composition 1:2:40 composition.

Superstructures and ordering phenomena in ceramic superconductors

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 710-711
Author(s):  
R. Gronsky
Keyword(s):  
Domain Growth ◽  
Small Displacement ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Ceramic Superconductors ◽  
Oxygen Sublattices ◽  
Tweed Contrast ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Representative Image ◽  
Static Lattice ◽  
Modulation Wavelength

It is now well established that the phase transformation behavior of YBa2Cu3O6+δ is significantly influenced by matrix strain effects, as evidenced by the formation of accommodation twins, the occurrence of diffuse scattering in diffraction patterns, the appearance of tweed contrast in electron micrographs, and the generation of displacive modulation superstructures, all of which have been successfully modeled via simple Monte Carlo simulations. The model is based upon a static lattice formulation with two types of excitations, one of which is a change in oxygen occupancy, and the other a small displacement of both the copper and oxygen sublattices. Results of these simulations show that a displacive superstructure forms very rapidly in a morphology of finely textured domains, followed by domain growth and a more sharply defined modulation wavelength, ultimately evolving into a strong <110> tweed with 5 nm to 7 nm period. What is new about these findings is the revelation that both the small-scale deformation superstructures and coarser tweed morphologies can result from displacive modulations in ordered YBa2Cu3O6+δ and need not be restricted to domain coarsening of the disordered phase. Figures 1 and 2 show a representative image and diffraction pattern for fully-ordered (δ = 1) YBa2Cu3O6+δ associated with a long-period <110> modulation.

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