The paper will discuss a study reflecting the changes in design and exploitation of an existing standard merchantman when the existing diesel propulsion plant is replaced by a gas turbine using a well-proven and inherently safe nuclear heat source. Subjects which will be discussed are: 1. why this study was done, 2. the NEREUS propulsion installation which is considered for this “replacement”, 3. the nuclear part and the non-nuclear part of the NEREUS installation, 4a. safety matters regarding the small-scale nuclear plant, 4b. safety matters regarding the nuclear propulsion plant (the maritime version), 5. fuel availability, 6. place of the nuclear propulsion plant in the ship in view of the weight, 7. required and no longer required auxiliary installations for the nuclear energy plant, 8. restrictions for ship operations, 9. manoeuvring, exploitation and manning of the ship, 10. logistic support of the installation.