Editorial Introduction - GROUP 2022 Second Wave

For over a quarter century, GROUP has offered a premier yet intimate and welcoming venue for agenda-setting, diverse research. Although the traditional focus of the conference is on supporting group work, it has expanded to include research from computer-supported cooperative work, sociotechnical studies, practice-centered computing, human-computer interaction, computersupported collaborative learning, participatory technology design, and other related areas. The work presented in this issue embodies that interdisciplinary ethos. Papers in this issue cover a wide range topics, from human-AI collaboration, to collaboration in virtual reality, to perceptions of privacy and security, to the myriad impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. The application domains are similarly wide ranging, from health data, to civic engagement, to educational settings, to government provision of social services. Similar to the 2021 issue, this issue also continues the tradition of design fiction at GROUP. This issue of PACM:HCI brings you papers from the planned 2022 ACMConference on Supporting Group Work (GROUP 2022). Typically, the GROUP conference occurs every two years. However, research developments do not necessarily follow conference deadline cycles. Thus, the GROUP conference offers authors the opportunity to submit to multiple waves. The first wave of papers for this conference were published in July 2021 in Volume 5 of PACM:HCI, and papers from this current issue were first submitted in May 2021. Both of these sets of papers published as part of the planned GROUP 2022 conference were authored and reviewed during the COVID-19 pandemic. These papers represent commendable volumes of hard work and resilience, not just from the authors, but also from the reviewers, the program committee, and the conference organizers. Additionally, the pandemic forced a major change to the conference at which these papers will be presented.

Modelling Consensus Emergence With Nonlinear Dynamics

The study of emergent, bottom-up, processes has long been of interest within organizational and group research. Emergent processes refer to how dynamic interactions among lower-level units (e.g. individuals) over time form a new, shared, construct or phenomena at a higher level (e.g. work group). To properly study emergence of shared constructs one needs models, and data, that both take into account variability across individuals and groups (multilevel), and variability over time (longitudinal). This article makes three contribution to the modelling and theory of of consensus emergence. First, we formulate two separate patterns of consensus emergence; homogeneous and heterogeneous. Homogeneous consensus emergence is characterized by gradual and almost deterministic adjustments of the individual trajectories, whereas heterogeneous consensus emergence show more randomly oscillating trajectories towards consensus. Second, we introduce a model-invariant statistic that measures the strength of the consensus; and allows for comparisons between different models and patterns of consensus emergence. Third, we show how Gaussian Processes can be used to further extend the consensus emergence models, allowing them to capture nonlinear dynamics, on both individual and group level, in emergent processes. Using an established data set, we show that conclusions on the pattern of consensus emergence can change depending on whether the nonlinear group mean change over time is adequately modelled or not. Thus it is crucial to correctly capture the group dynamics to properly understand the consensus emergence.

Community-Engaged Bidirectional Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication With Immigrant and Refugee Populations During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Objectives: This study was conducted to assess an intervention that was created by a community–academic partnership to address COVID-19 health inequities. We evaluated a community-engaged bidirectional pandemic crisis and emergency risk communication (CERC) framework with immigrant and refugee populations during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A 17-year community-engaged research partnership adopted a CERC framework in March 2020 to address COVID-19 prevention, testing, and socioeconomic impacts with immigrant and refugee groups in southeast Minnesota. The partnership used bidirectional communication between communication leaders and their social networks to refine messages, leverage resources, and advise policy makers. We conducted a mixed-methods evaluation for intervention acceptability, feasibility, reach, adaptation, and sustainability through multisource data, including email communications, work group notes, semistructured interviews, and focus groups. Results: The intervention reached at least 39 000 people in 9 months. It was implemented as intended and perceived efficacy was high. Frequent communication between community and academic partners allowed the team to respond rapidly to concerns and facilitated connection of community members to resources. Framework implementation also led to systems and policy changes to meet the needs of immigrant and refugee populations. Conclusions: Community-engaged CERC is feasible and sustainable and can reduce COVID-19 disparities through shared creation and dissemination of public health messages, enhanced connection to existing resources, and incorporation of community perspectives in regional pandemic mitigation policies.

The Primary Care Management of Headache: Synopsis of the 2020 U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs and U.S. Department of Defense Clinical Practice Guideline

ABSTRACT Introduction In June of 2020, the U.S. DVA and DoD approved a new joint clinical practice guideline for assessing and managing patients with headache. This guideline provides a framework to evaluate, treat, and longitudinally manage the individual needs and preferences of patients with headache. Methods In October of 2018, the DVA/DoD Evidence-Based Practice Work Group convened a guideline development panel that included clinical stakeholders and conformed to the National Academy of Medicine’s tenets for trustworthy clinical practice guidelines. Results The guideline panel developed key questions, systematically searched and evaluated the literature, created a 1-page algorithm, and advanced 42 recommendations using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system. Conclusion This synopsis summarizes the key features of the guideline in three areas: prevention, assessing and treating medication overuse headache, and nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic management of headache.

Rakenteiden törmäys. Taiteellinen toimintatutkimus Teatterikorkeakoulun ja Sibelius-Akatemian yleisökontaktikurssista

Colliding structures: Artistic action research on audience contact course at the Sibelius and Theatre Academies. This article focuses on a period between 2018–2019 when students from the Sibelius Academy were invited to take part in an audience contact course offered by the Theatre Academy. The experiment was carried out as an artistic activity analysis. During the course, theatre and music students formed working groups which encountered people from different habitation units and organized art workshops for them. Based on their experiences, the groups prepared performances which they performed in the health care and social security units as well as in prisons. We focus especially on what we term ‘structural collisions’ taking place between different practices: firstly, we examine the collision between Uniarts students and reception center workers in organizing art workshops. Another structural collision we discuss rose from the collaboration between different academies. We consider how representatives of different art genres discuss the work concept of a collaboration-based performance and how different work concepts define the agency of the artists within a work-group-based artistic process. The aim is to offer visions on how the Theatre Academy and the Sibelius Academy might develop collaborative communal art education at the Uniarts Helsinki.

OS DESAFIOS DO TRABALHO EM GRUPO NA PANDEMIA, A PARTIR DA EXPERIÊNCIA COM UM GRUPO DE DISCUSSÃO ONLINE SOBRE GÊNERO

Resumo: Este artigo é um relato de experiência de um grupo de discussão online com o tema “Gênero e Docência”, fruto de uma intervenção de estágio do curso de Psicologia, no contexto da pandemia do Covid-19, no Brasil. A reflexão se volta para a questão do esvaziamento do grupo. Para tanto, discutem-se temas como os desafios de se estabelecer diálogo; a formação de vínculos e a constituição de grupo; a lógica produtivista de formação, no contexto atual; e as dificuldades do trabalho com grupo, em ambiente online. A partir desses norteadores, constatou-se que não houve consolidação efetiva de um grupo de trabalho. Mesmo assim, entende-se que as hipóteses levantadas para compreender o fenômeno do esvaziamento do grupo podem contribuir com futuros estudos acerca da temática, já que este tipo de modalidade se tornou um fenômeno atual que demanda melhor compreensão para a pesquisa, no campo das ciências humanas.Palavras-chave: Grupo online. Gênero. Docência. Pandemia. Abstract: This article is an experience report of an online discussion group with the theme “Gender and Teaching”, the result of an internship intervention form the Psychology degree, in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic in Brazil. The reflection turns to the discussion on the emptying of the group. For it, topics such as the challenges of establishing dialogue, the formation of bonds and the constitution of a group, the productive logic in academic formation in the current context and the difficulties of working with groups in an online environment are discussed. Based on these guidelines, it is stated that there was no effective consolidation of a work group. Even so, it is understood that the hypotheses raised to understand the phenomenon of group emptying can contribute to future studies on the subject, as this type of modality is a current phenomenon that demands better understanding for research in the field of human sciences.Keywords: Online group. Gender. Teaching. Pandemic.

Development of a Latin American Native Food Composition Database

Food composition data have a fundamental function in studies on nutrition, health, and agriculture, among others. Many factors affect the nutrient content of food, and for this reason, it is essential to have updated and reliable data on the composition of the main foods consumed. The objective of this work was to develop a food composition database (FCDB) that compiles the composition of native foods of Latin America, mainly grains/seeds, tubers, and derivatives. An interdisciplinary work group of compilers was formed. A search of various sources was carried out (scientific publications, laboratory and technical reports, and theses), and a total of 78 publications were collected. For compilation, a form composed of eight worksheets was prepared. The initial sheet contains general data and food identification; the remaining ones contain information on the proximal composition, amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals. Each section has an evaluation of data quality, which determines whether it will be included in the FCDB or not. After an exhaustive analysis based on compliance with the minimum requirements previously established, 58 publications and laboratory reports were selected. The main reason for rejection was the lack of moisture information (60%), followed by low data quality (30%). Information is available on the composition of at least 26 grains and derived products (i.e., quinoa, amaranth, and kañiwa) and five tubers and roots (Andean potatoes and ocas), which are currently being uploaded to the website (http://insibio.org.ar, accessed on 16 December 2021) for user availability. This database will provide information on the composition of regional foods generated and compiled using international standards.

IMPLEMENTASI STRATEGI GUIDED TEACHING TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN MATERI TALKING ABOUT SELF PADA SISWA KELAS X AKUNTANSI DAN KEUANGAN LEMBAGA

Every time they teach, teachers need to make teaching preparations in order to carry out part of the monthly plan and annual plan. The preparation contains the objectives of teaching, the subject to be taught, teaching methods, learning materials, teaching aids and evaluation techniques used. Therefore, every teacher must understand correctly about the purpose of teaching, specifically choosing and determining teaching methods according to the objectives to be achieved, how to choose, determine and use teaching aids, how to make tests and use them, and knowledge of evaluation tools. The research objectives to be obtained are: (a) To reveal the effect of the Guided Teaching Strategy Method on the ability to speak using English. (b) To reveal the Guided Teaching Strategy Method on the motivation to learn English. This research uses three rounds of action research. Each round consists of four stages, namely: design, activities and observations, reflection, and revision. The targets of this study were students of Class X. The data obtained were in the form of formative test results, observation sheets for teaching and learning activities. From the results of the analysis, it was found that student achievement increased from cycle I to cycle III, namely, cycle I (66%), cycle II (74%), cycle III (89%). The conclusion of this study is that the combination of the lecture method with the work group can have a positive effect on the achievement and learning motivation of Class X Accounting and Financial Institutions 1st Academic Year 2018/2019, and this learning model can be used as an alternative to learning English. ABSTRAKSetiap akan mengajar, guru perlu membuat persiapan mengajar dalam rangka melaksanakan sebagian dari rencana bulanan dan rencana tahunan. Dalam perisiapan itu sudah terkandung tentang, tujuan mengajar, pokok yang akan diajarkan, metode mengajar, bahan pelajaran, alat peraga dan teknik evaluasi yang digunakan. Karena itu setiap guru harus memahami benar tentang tujuan mengajar, secara khusus memilih dan menentukan metode mengajar sesuai dengan tujuan yang hendak dicapai, cara memilih, menentukan dan menggunakan alat peraga, cara membuat tes dan menggunakannya, dan pengetahuan tentang alat-alat evaluasi. Tujuan penelitian yang hendak diperoleh adalah: (a) Untuk mengungkap pengaruh Metode Strategi Guided Teaching terhadap kemampuan berbicara menggunakan Bahasa Inggris. (b) Untuk mengungkap Metode Strategi Guided Teaching terhadap motivasi belajar Bahasa Inggris. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan (action research) sebanyak tiga putaran. Setiap putaran terdiri dari empat tahap yaitu: rancangan, kegiatan dan pengamatan, refleksi, dan refisi. Sasaran penelitian ini adalah siswa Kelas X Data yang diperoleh berupa hasil tes formatif, lembar observasi kegiatan belajar mengajar. Dari hasil analisis didapatkan bahwa prestasi belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan dari siklus I sampai siklus III yaitu, siklus I (66%), siklus II (74%), siklus III (89%). Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah gabungan metode ceramah dengan kelompok kerja dapat berpengaruh positif terhadap prestasi dan motivasi belajar Siswa kelas x Akuntansi dan Keuangan Lembaga 1 Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019, serta model pembelajaran ini dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu alternative pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris.