Working IT Out in Medical Practice: IT Systems Design and Development as Co-Realisation

2003 ◽  
Vol 42 (04) ◽  
pp. 392-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Hartswood ◽  
P. Rouchy ◽  
M. Rouncefield ◽  
R. Slack ◽  
A. Voss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Participatory Design ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Development Work ◽  
It Professionals ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Work Site ◽  
It Systems ◽  
Novel Method

Summary Objectives: The paper explores possibilities for situating IT design and development work within the context of use so as to support the co-realisation of technology and ‘design in use’. The aim is to build a new understanding between IT professionals and users which is grounded upon what happens as the latter grapple with the problems of applying IT, appropriating its functionalities and affordances into their work practices and relations. Methods: Following a discussion of participatory design and ethnomethodology, a novel method called co-realisation, which aims to provide a synthesis of the preceding methods, is suggested as an alternative. Through a discussion of findings from a case study of IT systems design and development in healthcare we show how the co-realisation approach might provide work-affording systems and how user-designer relations might be reformulated. We suggest that work-affording systems can be developed through the deployment of an engaged facilitator who works with the users to unpack the work site-specific potentialities of technology. Results: The case study shows how risk of non-adoption might be minimised through the development of partnerships, and how the presence of the facilitator in the workplace capitalises on the mundane work undertaken therein and how the facilitator might work with the users to develop artefacts that support this work as opposed to reconfiguring it. Conclusions: The case study illustrates co-realisation in action and how it might be seen to reconfigure relations between users and designers in a way that appears productive. Co-realisation can help address the widely observed problem of IT systems failures in healthcare.

A Practitioner’s Approach to Collaborative Usability Testing

2013 ◽  
pp. 117-144
Author(s):  
Julie Buelow
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Usability Testing ◽  
Subject Matter Experts ◽  
It Professionals ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
The Public

The purpose of this case study is to outline a methodology for collaborative usability testing developed in a local government setting where subject matter experts (SMEs), content owners, stakeholders, IT professionals and the public are engaged in the design and development of public sector websites.

Organizational Requirements and the Introduction of Information Technology in Courtrooms: A Case Study

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Poulson ◽  
Neil Waddell
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Requirements Definition ◽  
It Systems ◽  
Equal Importance ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Organizational Requirements

Traditional methods of systems design have tended to concentrate on capturing functional requirements and from them develop a system that will provide users with a technical solution to a problem they may have. However, there is a growing understanding, with historical origins in sociotechnical systems theory, that technical solutions alone, regardless of how well designed, may not succeed fully unless there is a concomitant understanding of the organization into which the technical solution is to be introduced. Organizational requirements, therefore, should become considerations of equal importance to systems designers. The ESPRIT Project ORDIT (organizational requirements definition for information technology) has developed a methodology which identifies and operationalizes organizational requirements for IT systems. This paper presents a case study in which the ORDIT concepts are applied to the process of introducing an IT system into a courtroom.

Enhancing Outdoor Learning Through Participatory Design and Development: A Case Study of Embedding Mobile Learning at a Field Study Centre

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trevor Collins
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Learning ◽  
Participatory Design ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Technology Enhanced Learning ◽  
Outdoor Learning ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
Collaborative Project ◽  
Study Centre ◽  
Enhanced Learning

Outdoor learning seeks to engage and enthuse students through authentic practical inquiry lessons. This article explores how participatory design and development can enable outdoor learning organisations to introduce sustainable technological innovations within their teaching practices. A case study describing a collaborative project between university researchers and an environmental education charity is presented, which highlights the challenges and issues regarding the usability, scalability and sustainability of mobile technology at a residential outdoor learning centre. It is argued that participatory research with education service providers is a contributing factor to the diffusion of mobile learning and a necessary foundation for sustainable technology-enhanced learning.

An Ethical Roadmap for Engineering Participatory Design and Sociotechnical Participation: A Manufacturing Case Study

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Townsend ◽  
Pierre Boulos ◽  
Jill Urbanic
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Participatory Design ◽  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Ethical Practice ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Industrial Case Study ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Ethical Foundation

Participatory design (PD) is a sociotechnical approach grounded in mutual learning between various stakeholders in a design process. The PD literature emphasizes that authentic participation requires a critical ethical foundation, which, in turn, requires designers to be aware of this ethical foundation and bring it to bear on the design process. Since this is an emerging field in engineering, and since the ethical foundation is critical, it is important for engineers to seek clarity around the ethical considerations for utilizing PD and other sociotechnical methods involving participation. The purpose of the research presented here is to contribute to this clarity, in the context of manufacturing systems design, with the following question: what are the ethical considerations involved in participatory design, in engineering research and practice? To answer this, a case study research methodology is positioned as a nexus between research and practice. A roadmap of ethical considerations relating PD and manufacturing is developed by triangulating between internationally accepted research ethics principles, a professional engineering code of ethics, and an industrial case study with eight participants engaged in PD. This ethical roadmap is useful to engineering researchers and practitioners when using PD and sociotechnical approaches where participation is involved, to encourage a high standard of ethical practice and supporting theory.

scholarly journals Analysis and Identification of Possible Automation Approaches for Embedded Systems Design Flows

Information ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Augusto Y. Horita ◽  
Denis S. Loubach ◽  
Ricardo Bonna
Keyword(s):  
Embedded Systems ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Design Flow ◽  
Formal Models ◽  
Models Of Computation ◽  
Implementation Phase ◽  
Novel Method

Sophisticated and high performance embedded systems are present in an increasing number of application domains. In this context, formal-based design methods have been studied to make the development process robust and scalable. Models of computation (MoC) allows the modeling of an application at a high abstraction level by using a formal base. This enables analysis before the application moves to the implementation phase. Different tools and frameworks supporting MoCs have been developed. Some of them can simulate the models and also verify their functionality and feasibility before the next design steps. In view of this, we present a novel method for analysis and identification of possible automation approaches applicable to embedded systems design flow supported by formal models of computation. A comprehensive case study shows the potential and applicability of our method.

scholarly journals ARCHITECTURE OF ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksandr M. Shevtsov
Keyword(s):  
Systems Design ◽  
Electronic Government ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
Electronic Communications ◽  
It Architecture ◽  
It Systems ◽  
Integrated Architecture ◽  
Architecture Description ◽  
The Government

The research objective is to analyze the major principles of IT-systems design and development and operation within the structure of the integrated architecture of electronic communications within the government authorities of Ukraine and to introduce the practical recommendations related to this issue while implementing the transition program to Unified architecture of electronic Government, that is based on the use and application of electronic services. The ways were proposed for the IT-architecture design and development within the structure of electronic communications of the government authorities on the basis of the uniform concept of the Electronic Government Integrated Architecture description. The following is considered: the basic IT-practices (models of scopes) describing IT-architecture and examples of their application at the construction of single architecture of electronic co-operation of society. The main distinctions are resulted in relation to their practical application. Development components of IT-architecture are briefly considered on the way of realization single and standardized management processes of enterprise by public institutions with the use of service-orientated approach.

A case study on use of personas in design and development of an audit management system

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pallavi Dharwada ◽  
Joel S. Greenstein ◽  
Anand K. Gramopadhye ◽  
Steve J. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
Audit Management

A novel method for the determination of linting propensity of paper

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
ALESSANDRA GERLI ◽  
LEENDERT C. EIGENBROOD
Keyword(s):  
Ash Content ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Offset Printing ◽  
Excellent Correlation ◽  
End Conditions ◽  
Bottom Side ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Total Fraction

A novel method was developed for the determination of linting propensity of paper based on printing with an IGT printability tester and image analysis of the printed strips. On average, the total fraction of the surface removed as lint during printing is 0.01%-0.1%. This value is lower than those reported in most laboratory printing tests, and more representative of commercial offset printing applications. Newsprint paper produced on a roll/blade former machine was evaluated for linting propensity using the novel method and also printed on a commercial coldset offset press. Laboratory and commercial printing results matched well, showing that linting was higher for the bottom side of paper than for the top side, and that linting could be reduced on both sides by application of a dry-strength additive. In a second case study, varying wet-end conditions were used on a hybrid former machine to produce four paper reels, with the goal of matching the low linting propensity of the paper produced on a machine with gap former configuration. We found that the retention program, by improving fiber fines retention, substantially reduced the linting propensity of the paper produced on the hybrid former machine. The papers were also printed on a commercial coldset offset press. An excellent correlation was found between the total lint area removed from the bottom side of the paper samples during laboratory printing and lint collected on halftone areas of the first upper printing unit after 45000 copies. Finally, the method was applied to determine the linting propensity of highly filled supercalendered paper produced on a hybrid former machine. In this case, the linting propensity of the bottom side of paper correlated with its ash content.

Failure Analysis Case Study of a 1.5 Meter Space Flex Harness

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erick Kim ◽  
Kamjou Mansour ◽  
Gil Garteiz ◽  
Javeck Verdugo ◽  
Ryan Ross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Failure Analysis ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Air Stream ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Temperature Controlled ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Failure Site

Abstract This paper presents the failure analysis on a 1.5m flex harness for a space flight instrument that exhibited two failure modes: global isolation resistances between all adjacent traces measured tens of milliohm and lower resistance on the order of 1 kiloohm was observed on several pins. It shows a novel method using a temperature controlled air stream while monitoring isolation resistance to identify a general area of interest of a low isolation resistance failure. The paper explains how isolation resistance measurements were taken and details the steps taken in both destructive and non-destructive analyses. In theory, infrared hotspot could have been completed along the length of the flex harness to locate the failure site. However, with a field of view of approximately 5 x 5 cm, this technique would have been time prohibitive.

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