scholarly journals The Nocturnal Avian Migration Experiment Final Campaign Report

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Stepanian ◽  
◽  
K. G. Horton
Keyword(s):  
Avian Migration ◽  
Migration Experiment

Models of Optimal Avian Migration: State, Time and Predation

1998 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alasdair I. Houston
Keyword(s):  
Avian Migration ◽  
State Time

scholarly journals Daytime micro-naps in a nocturnal migrant: an EEG analysis

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Fuchs ◽  
D Maury ◽  
F.R Moore ◽  
V.P Bingman
Keyword(s):  
Brain Activity ◽  
Sleep Loss ◽  
Eeg Analysis ◽  
Observable Effect ◽  
Brain Response ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Avian Migration ◽  
Unihemispheric Sleep ◽  
Daytime Behaviour ◽  
Behavioural Evidence

Many species of typically diurnal songbirds experience sleep loss during the migratory seasons owing to their nocturnal migrations. However, despite substantial loss of sleep, nocturnally migrating songbirds continue to function normally with no observable effect on their behaviour. It is unclear if and how avian migrants compensate for sleep loss. Recent behavioural evidence suggests that some species may compensate for lost night-time sleep with short, uni- and bilateral ‘micro-naps’ during the day. We provide electrophysiological evidence that short episodes of sleep-like daytime behaviour (approx. 12 s) are accompanied by sleep-like changes in brain activity in an avian migrant. Furthermore, we present evidence that part of this physiological brain response manifests itself as unihemispheric sleep, a state during which one brain hemisphere is asleep while the other hemisphere remains essentially awake. Episodes of daytime sleep may represent a potent adaptation to the challenges of avian migration and offer a plausible explanation for the resilience to sleep loss in nocturnal migrants.

The Evolution of Avian Migration Systems between Temperate and Tropical Regions of the New World

1985 ◽  
Vol 126 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
George W. Cox
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
Avian Migration ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Migration Systems

scholarly journals Reestablishing a stepping-stone population of the threatened elkhorn coral Acropora palmata to aid regional recovery

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 461-473
Author(s):  
IB Kuffner ◽  
A Stathakopoulos ◽  
LT Toth ◽  
LA Bartlett
Keyword(s):  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Genetic Effect ◽  
Florida Keys ◽  
Gauge Potential ◽  
Acropora Palmata ◽  
Assisted Migration ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Genetic Strains ◽  
Entire Experiment ◽  
Migration Experiment

Recovery of the elkhorn coral Acropora palmata is critical to reversing coral reef ecosystem collapse in the western Atlantic, but the species is severely threatened. To gauge potential for the species’ restoration in Florida, USA, we conducted an assisted migration experiment where 50 coral fragments of 5 nursery-raised genetic strains (genets) from the upper Florida Keys were moved to 5 sites across 350 km of the offshore reef. Additionally, 4 fragments from the 1 remaining colony of A. palmata in Dry Tortugas National Park (DRTO) were added to the 2 DRTO experimental sites to test for local adaptation. To measure coral performance, we tracked coral survival, calcification, growth, and condition from May 2018 to October 2019. All 24 corals relocated to the DRTO sites survived and calcified ~85% faster than the fewer surviving corals transplanted to the 2 upper Keys sites. While coral survival across the entire experiment did not depend on genet, there was a weak but statistically significant genetic effect on calcification rate among the corals relocated to DRTO. The DRTO native genet was among the fastest growing genets, but it was not the fastest, suggesting a lack of local adaptation at this scale. Our results indicate that DRTO, a remote reef system inhabited by the species during the Holocene and located at the nexus of major ocean currents, may be a prime location for reestablishing A. palmata. Assisted migration of A. palmata to DRTO could restore a sexually reproducing population in <10 yr, thereby promoting the species’ regional recovery.

scholarly journals The evolution of avian migration

2011 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT M. ZINK
Keyword(s):  
Avian Migration

scholarly journals Genomes to space stations: the need for the integrative study of migration for avian conservation

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 20170741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam M. Fudickar ◽  
Ellen D. Ketterson
Keyword(s):  
Field Studies ◽  
Migratory Behaviour ◽  
Migratory Connectivity ◽  
Migratory Species ◽  
Avian Migration ◽  
Weather Patterns ◽  
Migration Data ◽  
Integrative Study ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Radical Transformation

Ongoing changes to global weather patterns and human modifications of the environment have altered the breeding and non-breeding ranges of migratory species, the timing of their migrations, and even whether they continue to migrate at all. Animal movements are arguably one of the most difficult behaviours to study, particularly in smaller birds that migrate tens to thousands of kilometres seasonally, often moving hundreds of kilometres each day. The recent miniaturization of tracking and logging devices has led to a radical transformation in our understanding of avian migratory behaviour and migratory connectivity. While advances in technology have altered the way researchers study migratory behaviour in the field, advances in techniques related to the study of physiological and genetic mechanisms underlying migratory behaviour have rarely been integrated into field studies of tracking. To predict the capacity of migrants to adjust to a changing planet, it is essential that we combine avian migration data with physiological and genetic measurements taken at key time points prior to, during and after migration.

scholarly journals Estimating Origins of Three Species of Neotropical Migrant Songbirds at a Gulf Coast Stopover Site: Combining Stable Isotope and Gis Tools

The Condor ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith A. Hobson ◽  
Steve Van Wilgenburg ◽  
Leonard I. Wassenaar ◽  
Frank Moore ◽  
Jeffrey Farrington
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Conservation Priorities ◽  
Stopover Site ◽  
Avian Migration ◽  
The North ◽  
Gis Tools ◽  
Migrating Birds ◽  
Wood Thrushes

AbstractMeasurement of stable-hydrogen isotopes (δD) in feathers of migrating birds can provide information on where feathers were grown in North America, at least to an approximate band of latitude. This approach has greatly increased our ability to investigate aspects of avian migration and stopover ecology, since origins of unmarked individuals at migration stopover sites can be estimated for the first time. However, few studies have explored the power of combining isotope measurements with geographic information system (GIS) methods. We measured δD values in feathers of hatching-year (HY) Swainson's Thrushes (Catharus ustulatus; n  =  60), Wood Thrushes (Hylocichla mustelina; n  =  113), and Gray Catbirds (Dumetella carolinensis; n  =  158) at Ft. Morgan Peninsula, Alabama (30°10′N, 88°00′W), a migration stopover site along the Gulf coast. By applying an elevation-corrected hydrogen isotope basemap for birds in North America, we derived a GIS surface depicting expected feather δD values across the continent. We then used GIS to constrain the possible origins of the sampled populations by considering only values falling within the North American breeding ranges of the species. We depicted likely origins of migrating birds by the 50% and 75% tolerance limits of the data. Our GIS analysis indicated that our captured populations represented much-reduced regions of possible origin based on the North American breeding distributions. Gradients in abundance data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) allowed us to further narrow possible origins within isotopic boundaries for Wood Thrushes and Gray Catbirds. This exercise provided a means by which priority regions and habitats could be assessed at large continental scales based on actual productivity. We suggest the combination of isotopic and GIS tools provides a powerful means to derive conservation priorities and to investigate key factors involved in the ecology of avian migration and stopover.

Routes to genes: unravelling the control of avian migration—an integrated approach using Northern Wheatear Oenanthe oenanthe as model organism

2015 ◽  
Vol 156 (S1) ◽  
pp. 3-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franz Bairlein ◽  
Cas Eikenaar ◽  
Heiko Schmaljohann
Keyword(s):  
Model Organism ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Northern Wheatear ◽  
Avian Migration ◽  
Oenanthe Oenanthe

Circannual and Circadian Contributions to the Timing of Avian Migration

2003 ◽  
pp. 81-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eberhard Gwinner ◽  
Barbara Helm
Keyword(s):  
Avian Migration
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