Antibody fragment and targeted colorectal cancer therapy: A global systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sepideh Ghani ◽  
Niloofar Deravi ◽  
Marzieh Pirzadeh ◽  
Behnam Rafiee ◽  
Zahra Rezanejad Gatabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Antibody Fragment ◽  
Antibody Fragments ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Single Chain

Background and aims: Antibody-based therapeutics have been evidenced promising for the treatment of colorectal cancer patients. However, the size and long circulating half-lives of antibodies can limit their reproducible manufacture in clinical studies. Consequently, in novel therapeutic approaches conventional antibodies are minimized and engineered to produce fragments like Fab, scFv, nanobody, bifunctional antibody, bispecific antibody, minibody and diabody to preserve their high affinity and specificity to target pharmaceutical nanoparticle conjugates. This systematic review for the first time aimed to elucidate the role of various antibody fragments in colorectal cancer treatment. Method: A systematic literature search in web of sciences, PubMed, Scopus, Google scholar and ProQuest was conducted. Reference lists of the articles were reviewed to identify the relevant papers. The full text search included articles published in English during 1990–2021. Results: Most the 53 included studies were conducted in vitro and in most conducted studies single-chain antibodies were among the most used antibody fragments. Most antibodies targeted CEA in the treatment of colorectal cancer. Moreover, a large number of studies observed apoptosis induction and tumor growth inhibition. In addition, few studies implicated the role of the innate immune system as an indirect mechanisms of tumor growth by enhancing NK-cell killing. Conclusion: Antibody-based therapy was demonstrated to be of a great promise in the treatment of colorectal cancer rather than common treatments such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgical operations. This type of specified cancer treatment can also induce the activation of innate and specific immune system to eradicate tumor cells.

scholarly journals The role of celecoxib for colorectal cancer treatment: a systematic review

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 1527-1536
Author(s):  
Xiaohan Zhou ◽  
Xiuyun Wang ◽  
Yaqin Zhao ◽  
Cheng Yi
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Treatment

scholarly journals Zinc as a complementary treatment for cancer patients: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Hoppe ◽  
S. Kutschan ◽  
J. Dörfler ◽  
J. Büntzel ◽  
J. Büntzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Survival Data ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Quality Reporting ◽  
Evidenced Based

AbstractZinc is a trace element that plays an important role in the immune system and cell growth. The role of zinc in cancer treatment has been discussed for some time, however without reaching an evidenced-based consensus. Therefore, we aim to critically examine and review existing evidence on the role of zinc during cancer treatment. In January 2019, a systematic search was conducted searching five electronic databases (Embase, Cochrane, PsychINFO, CINAHL and PubMed) to find studies concerning the use, effectiveness and potential harm of zinc therapy on cancer patients. Out of initial 5244 search results, 19 publications concerning 23 studies with 1230 patients were included in this systematic review. The patients treated with zinc were mainly diagnosed with head and neck cancer and underwent chemo-, radio- or concurrent radio-chemotherapy. Interventions included the intake of different amounts of zinc supplements and oral zinc rinses. Outcomes (primary endpoints) investigated were mucositis, xerostomia, dysgeusia, pain, weight, dermatitis and oral intake of nutrients. Secondary endpoints were survival data, quality of life assessments and aspects of fatigue, immune responses and toxicities of zinc. The studies were of moderate quality reporting heterogeneous results. Studies have shown a positive impact on the mucositis after radiotherapy. No protection was seen against mucositis after chemotherapy. There was a trend to reduced loss of taste, less dry mouth and oral pain after zinc substitution. No impact was seen on weight, QoL measurements, fatigue, and survival. The risk of side effects from zinc appears to be relatively small. Zinc could be useful in the prevention of oral toxicities during irradiation. It does not help in chemotherapy-induced side effects.

Immunotherapy: New insights in breast cancer treatment

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Bader Alshehri
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Immune Evasion ◽  
Breast Tumor ◽  
Parp Inhibitor ◽  
Breast Cancer Treatment ◽  
New Treatment

Breast cancer being the most malignant and lethal disease persistent among women globally. Immunotherapy as a new treatment modality has emerged in understanding the loopholes in the treatment of breast cancer which is mainly attributed to the potential of tumor cells to evade and survive the immune response by developing various strategies. Therefore, improved understanding of the immune evasion by cancer cells and the monoclonal antibodies against PD- and PD-L1 can help us in the diagnosis of this malignancy. Here in this article, I have highlighted that in addition to focusing on other strategies for breast cancer treatment, the involvement of immune system in breast cancer is vital for the understanding of this malignancy. Further, the complete involvement of immune system in the relapse or recurrence of the breast tumor and have also highlighted the role of vaccines, PD-1 and CTLA-4 with the recent advances in the field. Moreover, in addition to the application of immunotherapy as a sole therapy, combinations of immunotherapy with various strategies like targeting it with MEK inhibitors, Vaccines, chemotherapy and PARP inhibitor has shown to have significant benefits is also discussed in this article.

The role of liver resection for colorectal cancer metastases in an era of multimodality treatment: A systematic review

Surgery ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 151 (6) ◽  
pp. 860-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Quan ◽  
Steven Gallinger ◽  
Cindy Nhan ◽  
Rebecca A. Auer ◽  
James J. Biagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Liver Resection ◽  
Multimodality Treatment ◽  
Cancer Metastases ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Metastases

scholarly journals Personality Factors in Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Galli ◽  
Ludovica Scotto ◽  
Simona Ravenda ◽  
Maria Giulia Zampino ◽  
Gabriella Pravettoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Cochrane Collaboration ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Intervention Plan ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽  
The Cochrane Collaboration

Background: The role of personality in cancer incidence and development has been studied for a long time. As colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent cancer types and linked with lifestyle habits, it is important to better understand its psychological correlates, in order to design a more specific prevention and intervention plan. The aim of this systematic review is to analyze all the studies investigating the role of personality in CRC incidence.Methods: All studies on CRC and personality up to November 2020 were scrutinized according to the Cochrane Collaboration and the PRISMA statements. Selected studies were additionally evaluated for the Risk of Bias according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).Results: Eight studies met the inclusion criteria and were eventually included in this review. Two main constructs have been identified as potential contributors of CRC incidence: emotional regulation (anger) and relational style (egoism).Conclusion: Strong conclusions regarding the influence of personality traits on the incidence of CRC are not possible, because of the small number and the heterogeneity of the selected studies. Further research is needed to understand the complexity of personality and its role in the incidence of CRC and the interaction with other valuable risk factors.

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