Simultaneous Characterization of Aerodynamic Size and Electrostatic Charge Distributions of Inhaled Dry Powder Inhaler Aerosols

This is the first study reporting on the design and development innovative inhaled formulations of the novel natural product antioxidant therapeutic, tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), also known as ligustrazine. TMP is obtained from Chinese herbs belonging to the class of Ligusticum. It is known to have antioxidant properties. It can act as a Nrf2/ARE activator and a Rho/ROCK inhibitor. The present study reports for the first time on the comprehensive characterization of raw TMP (non-spray dried) and spray dried TMP in a systematic manner using thermal analysis, electron microscopy, optical microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The in vitro aerosol dispersion performance of spray dried TMP was tested using three different FDA-approved unit-dose capsule-based human dry powder inhaler devices. In vitro human cellular studies were conducted on pulmonary cells from different regions of the human lung to examine the biocompatibility and non-cytotoxicity of TMP. Furthermore, the efficacy of inhaled TMP as both liquid and dry powder inhalation aerosols was tested in vivo using the monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PH rat model.

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Measurement of Electrostatic Charge Decay in Pharmaceutical Powders and Polymer Materials Used in Dry Powder Inhaler Devices

Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy ◽

10.3109/03639049809089953 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 24 (11) ◽

pp. 1083-1088 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

P. A. Carter ◽

G. Rowley ◽

E. J. Fletcher ◽

V. Stylianopoulos

Keyword(s):

Dry Powder Inhaler ◽

Electrostatic Charge ◽

Polymer Materials ◽

Pharmaceutical Powders ◽

Dry Powder ◽

Charge Decay ◽

Materials Used ◽

Inhaler Devices

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Development and characterization of meropenem dry powder inhaler formulation for pulmonary drug delivery

International Journal of Pharmaceutics ◽

10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119684 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 587 ◽

pp. 119684

Author(s):

Saiqa Muneer ◽

Tony Wang ◽

Llew Rintoul ◽

Godwin A. Ayoko ◽

Nazrul Islam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Dry Powder Inhaler ◽

Pulmonary Drug Delivery ◽

Dry Powder

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Excipient Interactions in Glucagon Dry Powder Inhaler Formulation for Pulmonary Delivery

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics11050207 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 207 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Md Abdur Rashid ◽

Amged Awad Elgied ◽

Yahya Alhamhoom ◽

Enoch Chan ◽

Llew Rintoul ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dry Powder Inhaler ◽

Pulmonary Delivery ◽

Magnesium Stearate ◽

Dry Powder ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Physical Interactions ◽

A Minor ◽

Excipient Interactions ◽

Glucagon Concentration

Purpose: This study describes the development and characterization of glucagon dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery. Lactose monohydrate, as a carrier, and L-leucine and magnesium stearate (MgSt) were used as dispersibility enhancers for this formulation. Methods: Using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Raman confocal microscopy, the interactions between glucagon and all excipients were characterized. The fine particle fractions (FPFs) of glucagon in different formulations were determined by a twin stage impinger (TSI) using a 2.5% glucagon mixture, and the glucagon concentration was measured by a validated LC-MS/MS method. Results: The FPF of the glucagon was 6.4%, which increased six-fold from the formulations with excipients. The highest FPF (36%) was observed for the formulation containing MgSt and large carrier lactose. The FTIR, Raman, and DSC data showed remarkable physical interactions of glucagon with leucine and a minor interaction with lactose; however, there were no interactions with MgSt alone or mixed with lactose. Conclusion: Due to the interaction between L-leucine and glucagon, leucine was not a suitable excipient for glucagon formulation. In contrast, the use of lactose and MgSt could be considered to prepare an efficient DPI formulation for the pulmonary delivery of glucagon.

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