scholarly journals Perceptions on Abortion and Long-acting Contraceptive Use among Women of Reproductive Age in Selected Nigerian States: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 829-838
Author(s):  
Obasanjo Afolabi Bolarinwa ◽  
Chima Victor ◽  
Olalekan Olagunju ◽  
Balsam Qubais Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancies ◽  
Long Acting

Background: It is estimated that over 210 million pregnancies occur each year, with almost half of these unplanned. The evidence further shows that about 76 million of these unplanned pregnancies occur in the developing world, with 19% ending in induced abortion and 11% of these abortions being unsafe. In sub-Saharan Africa, 2.2 unplanned pregnancies occur each year, with many of these in Nigeria. Reports show that 760,000 abortions occur each year in Nigeria, resulting in about 20,000 deaths. Abortion is greatly stigmatized in Nigeria, and the lack of a legal framework to support access to abortion services necessitates women to seek abortion services in unsafe places. This study, therefore, examines the perception of women regarding abortion (prevalence and stigma) and long-acting contraceptive (LARC) use in Nigeria. Methods: We performed secondary data analysis of round 5 of performance monitoring and accountability (PMA) in seven states of Nigeria for women in reproductive age (n = 11,284). Responses with regard to abortion incidence, perceptions on stigmatization and LARC use were examined using chi-square (χ2) analysis and binary logistic regression models. Results: Socio-demographic factors examined were found to be significantly associated with the perception that abortion was common; however, women who were educated to any level were twice more likely to report abortion being common in their communities compared to women who agreed that abortion was shameful. Place of residence was a significant factor and women resident in rural areas were more likely to undergo an abortion (OR = 1.34, 95% CI= 1.21 – 1.48). Further, married women (OR = 15.18, 95% CI=7.40 – 31.11) were 15 times more likely to use LARC. Conclusion: Perceptions that abortion is common and that it is a shameful practice were found to be underlying contributors to the use of LARC in Nigeria. However, the most significant influence was found to be exerted by respondents’ socio-demographic characteristics. Therefore, government and implementing agencies must develop an intervention to scale-up the use of LARC in Nigeria, and the framework should consider how to tackle socio-demographic barriers to access of contraceptive uptake as this would not only help increase the contraceptive prevalence rate but also reduce mortality from abortions.

Perceptions on abortion and long-acting contraceptive use among women of reproductive age in selected Nigerian States: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Obasanjo Afolabi Bolarinwa ◽  
Victor Chima ◽  
Olalekan Seun Olagunju
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
P Value ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Long Acting

Abstract Background: It is estimated that over 210 million pregnancies occur each year, with almost half of these unplanned. The evidence further shows that about 76 million of these unplanned pregnancies occur in the developing world, with 19% ending in induced abortion and 11% of these abortions being unsafe. Abortion is greatly stigmatized in Nigeria, and the lack of a legal framework to support access to abortion services necessitates women seeking abortion services in unsafe places. This study, therefore, examines the perception of women on abortion (prevalence and stigma) on long-acting contraceptive (LARC) use in Nigeria.Methods: We performed secondary data analysis on the round 5 of performance monitoring and accountability (PMA) data for seven states in Nigeria for women of reproductive age (n = 11,284), examining responses on use abortion incidence, perceptions on stigmatization and LARC use using χ2 analysis and multivariate logistic regression models.Results: Socio-demographic factors examined were found to be significantly associated with the perception that abortion was common among women who agreed that abortion was shameful. Women residents in rural areas were more likely (OR = 1.34; p-value = 0.000). Further, married women (OR = 15.18, p-value= 0.000) were 15 times more likely to use LARC.Conclusions: Perceptions that abortion is common, and it is a shameful practice were found to be underlying contributors to LARC use in Nigeria. However, the most significant influence is the socio-demographic factors. Therefore, implementing agencies must ensure to tackle socio-demographic barriers to access and legislation of contraceptive uptake as this would reduce mortality from abortions

Association between type of contraceptive use and haemoglobin status among women of reproductive age in 24 sub-Saharan Africa countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samson Gebremedhin ◽  
Anteneh Asefa
Keyword(s):  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptives ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Barrier Methods ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Sub Saharan

BackgroundLittle is known whether contraceptive methods differentially modify women’s risk of anaemia or not. We compared the haemoglobin status of women currently using different fertility regulation methods in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) where anaemia is a major concern.MethodsWe conducted the study based on the secondary data of 24 nationally representative demographic and health surveys carried out recently in SSA. The data of 105 532 women were included in the analysis. In the original surveys, respondents were selected using multistage sampling techniques and haemoglobin was determined using the HemoCue analyser. The association between method of contraception and anaemia status was determined via a mixed-effects logistic regression model adjusted for potential confounders. The outputs are presented using adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% CI.ResultsThe mean (±SD deviation) haemoglobin was 12.3 (±1.7) g/dl and 36.7% of the women had anaemia. Current use of modern contraceptives, as compared with non-use, was associated with a 25% reduction (AOR=0.75 (95% CI: 0.73 to 0.78)) in the odds of anaemia. Comparison among individual modern methods showed, as compared with current barrier methods users, use of injectables (AOR=0.62 (95% CI: 0.57 to 0.67)), oral contraceptive pills (OCP) (AOR=0.62 (95% CI: 0.57 to 0.66)) and implants (AOR=0.63 (95% CI: 0.58 to 0.70)) were significantly associated with reduced odds of anaemia. With reference to women with less than 12 months of use, the odds were significantly reduced by about a quarter among women with more than 12 months of OCP or injectables use.ConclusionThe use of hormonal contraceptives is associated with lower odds of anaemia.

Influence of Spousal Communication about Family Planning and HIV/AIDS-related Issues on Modern Contraceptive Use in Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe ◽  
Babatunde Raphael Ojebuyi
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Spousal Communication ◽  
Modern Contraceptive Use ◽  
Hiv Aids

Contraceptive use in Nigeria at 15 per cent is low, despite a high human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence of 3.4 per cent and fertility rate of 5.7 per cent. We assessed the levels of spousal communication on family planning and contraception (FPC) and HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), influence of demographic characteristics on this communication and association between this communication and the respondents’ health behaviours. We used a cross-sectional and nationally representative data on reproductive health and HIV/AIDS-related issues from randomly selected 30,752 men and women of reproductive age. Descriptive statistics, Pearson chi-square (c2) and logistic regression were used to analyze the data at 5 per cent significance level. About 61 per cent of the respondents were 25–49 years old and mostly from rural areas (65 per cent). Only 20 per cent of the respondents discussed HIV/AIDS with their spouses within 12 months preceding the survey while 15 per cent discussed FPC. A discussion of both HIV/AIDS and FPC among spouses was reported among 9 per cent compared to 26 per cent who reported discussing either. Respondents aged 35–39 years had higher odds of discussing HIV/AIDS (Odds Ratios [OR] = 7.06:6.16–8.09) than those aged 15–19 years. Urban dwellers also had higher odds (OR = 1.24:1.16–1.31) of HIV/AIDS discussions than rural respondents. Modern contraceptive use was 35 per cent and 23 per cent among respondents who discussed FPC and HIV/AIDS compared to 8 per cent and 9 per cent, respectively, among those who did not. Spousal communication on FP and HIV/AIDS was low and has influenced contraceptive use and HIV positivity in Nigeria. There is a need to encourage spousal discussion on FP and HIV/AIDS, especially among the rural dwellers and the poor and uneducated as a strategy for improving modern contraceptive use.

scholarly journals Determinants of multiple partner fertility among males in Uganda: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Andabati Candia ◽  
Ephraim Kisangala
Keyword(s):  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Multiple Partner ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Sex ◽  
Multiple Partners ◽  
Multiple Partner Fertility

Abstract Background Multiple-partner fertility is a relatively new area of study, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study focused on identifying determinants of multiple partner fertility among males in Uganda. Method The assessment was carried out using a logistic regression model and secondary data from the 2016 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey. Results Among the males, 42% had children with multiple partners. Older age, being Muslim, and being divorced or separated increased the likelihood of multiple partner fertility whereas residing in the Western region, reporting an age at first sex above 19 years and being married or cohabiting reduced the likelihood. Increase in number of wives or partners and lifetime sex partners resulted into a higher likelihood of multiple partner fertility. Conclusion There is need to come up with policies and programs aimed at increasing the age at first sex so as to reduce the likelihood of multiple partner fertility among males in Uganda. Government and other stakeholders such as cultural and religious institutions should sensitize and educate the masses on the negative outcomes of having children with multiple partners and promote fidelity for those in marriage. There is also need to increase modern contraceptive use and coverage.

scholarly journals Contraceptive use and quality of life among women of reproductive age, attending a general outpatient clinic in a Nigerian tertiary hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2932
Author(s):  
Tawakalit O. Salam ◽  
Olushola A. Mosuro ◽  
Sufiyan A. Muyibi ◽  
Adedotun A. Adetunji
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Outpatient Clinic ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values

Background: In Sub-Saharan Africa, unplanned pregnancies, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and low use of modern contraceptives are major reproductive health problems affecting women of reproductive age. However, there is evidence of an increase in contraceptive use over the past decade. This study was carried out to assess the pattern of contraceptive use, and its association with quality of life among women of reproductive age, attending a general outpatient clinic, at the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria.Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted with 323 women aged 15-49 years for three months. Data were retrieved using a semi-structured questionnaire and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.Results: The mean age of the participants was 34.9±8 years. The prevalence of contraceptive use was 43.7%, and out which, 34.4% accounted for modern methods. At least 72.4% ever heard about a method of contraceptive. Male condom was the most heard (96.6%) and most used (39.0%) contraceptive method. Majority of the quality of life parameters had higher mean scores, with significant mean values in vitality and social functioning categories among contraceptive users (72.41±14.82 and 72.07±18.39 respectively, p=0.029) compared with non-contraceptive users.Conclusions: Despite a higher mean quality of life scores among contraceptive users, less than half of the respondents made use of contraceptives. Therefore, the need for more orientation on the use of contraceptives to promote safe sexual practice and birth control is required.

scholarly journals Unmet Need of Family Planning Among Married Women of Reproductive Age in Rural Areas of Manikganj District

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Abu Noman Mohammed Mosleh Uddin ◽  
Mehedi Hasan Jewel
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional

Aims: Introduction: Bangladesh has impressive gains in indicators related to population and family planning. Therefore, the unmet need for family planning should be addressed with utmost importance. Materials and Methods: A descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted at four villages of Saturia Upazilla of Manikganj district to find out unmet need of family planning among married women of reproductive age including the status of contraceptive use and obstacles toward using family planning methods. The duration of study was from November 2017 to March 2018. The sample size was 480 in number. Results: In the study, 87.5% respondents were Muslims. Regarding level of education 18.75% of the respondents was illiterate, 22.19% of the respondents completed their primary education and 31.35% passed the secondary school certificate Examination. Most of the respondents (92.92%) were housewives. Out of 480 families, 51% belongs to nuclear family. 23.13% of the respondents had income below 10,000 Tk. and about 27.50% had an income more than 20,000 Tk. Among 480 respondents, 42.06% had 2 living children and about 33.78% had a single child. 89.17% of the respondents knew about contraceptive method. OCP was the most preferred method among 57.62% respondents. 61% respondents were using contraceptive method. The reason for not using any contraceptive method were fear of side effects (28.03%), eager to conceive (13.63%), and non-co-operative attitude of the husband (7.58%). In this study 58.13% respondents had the knowledge about permanent method of contraception. Conclusion: Family planning is more of a health necessity than an option. Though family planning program has remarkable success over the past decade, but still there is unmet need. Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 10, No. 1: Jan 2019, P 23-27

scholarly journals FACTORS INFLUENCING CONTRACEPTIVE USE AMONG MARRIED WOMEN OF PRODUCTIVE AGE IN INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
Rahmah Hida Nurrizka ◽  
Feda Anisah Makiyah ◽  
Agustina
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Modern Contraceptive Use

Indonesia is facing a serious health issue as the total fertility rate (TFR) has significantly  increased in the period of 2000-2017. Contraceptive Prevalence Rate (CPR) is stagnant in the same period. This study aims to assess the use of contraception in reproductive age-married women in Indonesia focusing on Contraceptive Use Mix (CUM) and other related factors. This cross-sectional study used raw data from the Indonesian National Socio-Economic Survey (INSES). The sample was 15-49 years married women with contraceptive use in 34 provinces in Indonesia. Total sample were 19,991 women. The results show that modern contraceptive use was 97.2% as opposed to traditional methods (2.8%). The Short-Acting Reversible Contraceptive (SARC) preferred was injectable methods (55.2%) and pills (21.0%). Factors influenced the use of modern contraceptive use was the number of children with OR = 1.864 (50%CI: 1.534-2.266). This research argues that contraceptive use among married women of productive age is still low in Indonesia, especially rural areas. Therefore, government must increase contraceptive financing and the village midwife program.

scholarly journals Use of contraceptives and uptake of long-acting reversible contraception among postpartum women in rural China

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 254-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuyun Kang ◽  
Peng Li ◽  
Xiaoli Liu ◽  
Yuan Ding ◽  
Xiaoye Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Postpartum Contraception ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pregnancy Intervals ◽  
Long Acting

BackgroundPregnancies have been increasing since the universal two-child policy in China was announced and thus the prevention of short inter-pregnancy intervals has become more important. However, little is known about contraceptive use among postpartum women in rural areas of China. This study investigated the current situation and factors associated with contraceptive use, especially long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) practice among postpartum women.Study designA cross-sectional study was conducted with a probability proportionate to size (PPS) sampling method in Shimen County of Hunan province with 423 mothers whose youngest child was aged under 2 years. A questionnaire was used to collect information on participants’ demographics, reproductive history and contraceptive use.ResultsThe rate of using all contraceptive methods was 66.4% in the study group and the rate of using LARC was 9.9%. Statistically significant predictors of contraceptive use were: no breastfeeding, no intention of having another child, and education beyond high school. Statistically significant predictors of LARC utilisation were: vaginal delivery, at least one child before the index delivery, and no breastfeeding.ConclusionsThe utilisation rate of postpartum contraception, especially LARC, was relatively low in rural China. The benefits of LARC have not been realised and breastfeeding is still incorrectly believed to be a definitely reliable method of contraception. Thus, health education and contraceptive knowledge and regulations need to be updated and enhanced based on research evidence, for increased adoption of postpartum contraception in rural China.

Prevalence and determinants of current contraceptive use among married women in Jada Local Government Area, Adamawa State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-275
Author(s):  
S Atinge ◽  
M Balogun ◽  
E Umahi ◽  
C Ejim
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Family planning is a cost-effective intervention in the prevention of maternal, infant and child mortality. However, its uptake has been hamstrung by a myriad of factors in Northern Nigeria and sub-Saharan Africa as a whole. Objective: To determine the prevalence as well as determinants of current contraceptive use in Adamawa State, northern Nigeria. Methods: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional in design. The participants were married women of reproductive age in Jada Local Government Area of Adamawa State. Participants were selected by multistage sampling technique. An interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Results: Five hundred and eighty married women participated in the study. The mean age of the respondents was 30.9±6.6 years. Five hundred and eleven (88.4%) were aware of contraceptives. However, the current rate of contraceptive use was 31.4%. The predictors of contraceptive use included the level of education (p = 0.006) and discussion with husband (p<0.001). The commonest reason cited for non-use of contraceptives was the fear of side effects among 144 (41.6%) women. Conclusion: The prevalence of contraceptive use among married women was higher than the national average. High educational status and discussion of family planning with husband were the predictors of contraceptive use.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Determinants of Covert Contraceptive Use in Kenya: a Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Akoth ◽  
James Odhiambo Oguta ◽  
Samwel Maina Gatimu
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Sexual Debut ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Couple Communication ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Partner Involvement

Abstract Background: Family planning (FP) is a key intervention for preventing unplanned pregnancies, unsafe abortions, and maternal death. Involvement of both women and their partners promotes contraceptive acceptance, uptake and continuation, couple communication and gender-equitable attitude. It is a key strategy for addressing about 17.5% of the unmet needs in FP in Kenya. This study assessed the prevalence and determinants of covert contraceptive use (CCU) in Kenya.Methods: We used data from the sixth and seventh rounds of the performance monitoring for accountability surveys. We defined CCU as ”the use of contraceptives without a partner’s knowledge”. We used frequencies and percentages to describe the sample characteristics and the prevalence of CCU and assessed the determinants using bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions.Results: Of the 3,892 married women using contraceptives included in this study, 62.9% were 20−34 years, 65.4% lived in rural areas, 51.3% had primary education and 82.4% had two or more children. The mean age at first sexual encounter was 17.3 years (standard deviation: 3.0). The prevalence of CCU was 12.2% (95% CI: 10.4%−14.2%) and was high among 35−49 years (12.8%), uneducated (22.3%) and poorest (18.2%) women. Siaya (22.9%), Kericho (16.7%) and Kakamega (13.1%) counties had the highest prevalence of CCU. Injectables (53.3%) and implants (34.6%) were the commonest methods among women who practice CCU. County of residence, education, wealth, parity, and age at sexual debut were associated with CCU.Conclusion: About one in 10 married women in Kenya use contraceptive covertly, with injectables and implants being the preferred methods. Our study highlights a gap in partner involvement in FP and calls for efforts to strengthen their involvement to increase contraceptive use in Kenya while acknowledging the rights of women to make independent choices.

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