Neutron scattering has been demonstrated to be a powerful tool for characterizing the structure and dynamics of biological molecules and for investigating the physical and chemical mechanisms of biophysical processes. The aim of the present work is to investigate by inelastic neutron scattering (INS) the vibrational behaviour of a class of bioprotectant systems, such as homologous disaccharides, trehalose, maltose and sucrose, in water mixtures. INS measurements have been performed on trehalose/H
2
O, maltose/H
2
O and sucrose/H
2
O mixtures at very low temperature as a function of concentration by using the thermal original spectrometer with cylindrical analyzers (TOSCA) spectrometer at the ISIS Facility (DRAL, UK).
The findings allow the analyses of the vibrational features of the INS spectra in order to study the effect of disaccharides on the H
2
O hydrogen-bonded tetrahedral network. The obtained neutron scattering findings point out that disaccharides, and in particular trehalose, have a destructuring effect on the water tetrahedral network, as emphasized by the analysis of the librational modes region from 50 to 130 meV energy transfer. On the other hand, the analysis of the bending modes region (130–225 meV) shows a locally ordered structure in the disaccharide/H
2
O mixtures.
Finally, the observed experimental evidences are linked to the different bioprotective effectiveness of disaccharides as a function of concentration.
SECTION I: Neutron Scattering as a Powerful Tool for Studying Biological Molecules and Processes