7. Early Modern Foreign Language Programmes and Outcomes: Factors Contributing to Hungarian Learners’ Profi ciency

Author(s):  
Marianne Nikolov
2021 ◽  
pp. 371-397
Author(s):  
Sanja Zubčić

The Glagolitic space refers to the area where in the Middle Ages or the Early Modern Period the Glagolitic script was used in texts of different genres and on different surfaces, and/or where the liturgy was held in Croatian Church Slavonic, adopting a positive and affirmative attitude towards Glagolitism. In line with known historical and social circumstances, Glagolitism developed on Croatian soil, more intensely on its southern, especially south-western part (Istria, Northern Croatian Littoral, Lika, northern Dalmatia and adjacent islands). Glagolitism was also thriving in the western periphery of that space, in today’s Slovenia and Italy, leading to the discovery and description of different Glagolitic works. It is the latter, their structure and language, that will be the subject of this paper. Starting from the thesis that innovations in language develop radially, i.e. starting from the center and spreading towards the periphery, it is possible to assume that in the western Glagolitic periphery some more archaic dialectal features will be confirmed among the elements of the vernacular. It is important that these monuments were created and used in an area where the majority language is not Croatian, so the influence of foreign language elements or other ways of expressing multilingualism can be expected. The paper will outline the Glagolitic activity in the abovementioned space and the works preserved therein. In order to determine the differences between Glagolitic works originating from the peripheral and central Glagolitic space, the type and structure of Glagolitic inscriptions and manuscripts from Slovenia and Italy will also be analysed, especially with respect to potential periphery-specific linguistic features. Special attention is paid to the analysis of selected isoglosses in the Notebook or Register of the Brotherhood of St. Anthony the Abbot from San Dorligo della Valle.


2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 5-35
Author(s):  
Tiiu Reimo

The materials in the Retrospective National Bibliography of foreignlanguagepublications printed in Estonia before 1830 provide variousopportunities for analysing the production of local print shops.The article focuses on the illustrative elements in printed funeralsermons and works of poetry, which cast a light on the memorialand commemorative customs in the early modern period.Visual decorative elements like headpieces and vignettes had ageneral symbolic meaning and were used to illustrate funeral textsirrespective of the age, vocation or position of the deceased. Oneobjective was to remind the viewers of their own mortality. Skulls andcoffins were among the main vignette motifs used to depict Death,and less often, Death was depicted as a skeleton or the Grim Reaper.Inscriptions added to the vignettes emphasised relevant passagesfrom the Bible to strengthen one’s faith. The fact that the same orsimilar vignettes were simultaneously used in different countries isnoteworthy. The motifs for visualising Death and mourning used inthe foreign-language funeral publications in Estonia are very similarto those used in Sweden and Finland during the same period.


2020 ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Vera Flatz

Societal and Legal Status of Foreign Language Teachers in the Early Modern Age. Language Skills as the Determining Criterion?The following paper deals with the requirements foreign language teachers had to fulfil in order to be granted citizenship in the Early Modern Age. The group of foreign language teachers was extremely heterogenous, originating from different countries, different social standings and lacking institutionalized education. Due to increased mobility and financial insecurities, foreign language teachers were rarely granted civil rights. This paper examines accepted and rejected requests for citizenship to explore what factors led to a positive or negative decision. As will be shown, multiple factors played a role in this process, including the language skills, but also factors such as prominent supporters and financial security.


2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
Lourdes Ramos-Heinrichs ◽  
Lynn Hansberry Mayo ◽  
Sandra Garzon

Abstract Providing adequate speech therapy services to Latinos who stutter can present challenges that are not obvious to the practicing clinician. This article addresses cultural, religious, and foreign language concerns to the therapeutic relationship between the Latino client and the clinician. Suggestions are made for building cross-cultural connections with clients and incorporating the family into a collaborative partnership with the service provider.


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