scholarly journals APPLICATION OF ANTIPSYCHOTICS OF LONG-TERM ACTION IN SCHIZOPHRENIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
Zh. B. Bibekova ◽  
E. A. Strel’cov ◽  
A. S. Makarchuk
Keyword(s):  
Literature Search ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Clinical Impression ◽  
Systematic Literature Search ◽  
Antipsychotic Therapy ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Negative Syndrome

This literature review addresses the effectiveness and safety of long-acting antipsychotic therapy for schizophrenia. The results of randomized trials of recent years are described in detail. The efficacy of taking drugs at the following key research points was examined: the general clinical impression of the severity of the condition (CGI-S), the general clinical impression of the change in state during treatment (CGI-I), and the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS). A systematic literature search was conducted using the Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, elibrary, and other databases.

scholarly journals Safety and efficiency of therapy by gene-engineering-biological preparations of rheumatoid arthritis

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
E. A. Strel’tsov
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Systematic Literature Search ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Gene Engineering

In this review of the literature, questions of the efficacy and safety of therapy with genetically engineered biological preparations for rheumatoid arthritis are discussed. The results of randomized trials of recent years are described in detail. Systematic literature search was conducted on the databases Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, elibrary and others.

scholarly journals 44 Real World Effectiveness: A 6-month Naturalistic Follow-up Study of Schizophrenia Patients After Switching to Aripiprazole Monohydrate (AOM) Treatment

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Gómez-Revuelta ◽  
José María Pelayo-Terán ◽  
María Juncal-Ruiz ◽  
María Fernández-Rodríguez ◽  
Javier Vázquez-Bourgon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Extended Release ◽  
Antipsychotic Therapy ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Oral Antipsychotic ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Negative Syndrome ◽  
Paliperidone Extended Release

AbstractRationaleLong-acting injectable antipsychotic therapies may offer benefits over oral antipsychotics in patients with schizophrenia. However, there is still a lack of real-world studies assessing the effectiveness of these therapies.ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the safety, tolerability, and treatment response of aripiprazole monohydrate (AOM) once monthly in non-acute but symptomatic adult patients switched from previous therapy with frequently used oral or injectable atypical antipsychotics.MethodsThis was a post hoc analysis of a prospective, interventional, single-arm, open-label, 6-month study.ResultsThe patients (N=54) were switched to aripiprazole monohydrate once-monthly (AOM) from daily oral treatment or monthly injectable treatment with either aripiprazole (n=25), olanzapine (n=7), paliperidone extended-release (PP1M) (n=10), quetiapine (n=4), or risperidone (n=8). In all groups, mean Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale total (p=0.0001) and Clinical Global Impression-Severity scores improved significantly (p=0.0001). A reduction of ≥50% reduction of BPRS total-score and a CGI severity-score ≤4 in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale total score were observed in 16.7% (aripiprazole), 21.2% (olanzapine), 35.1% (PP1M), 27.3% (quetiapine), and 37.2% (risperidone) of patients. The patients showed significant improvements involving safety features as they experienced significant overall weight loss (p=0.0001) and prolactine decrease (risperidone p=0.0001, paliperidone extended-release p=0.0001). AOM once-monthly was well tolerated, presenting no new safety signals. Patient also reported an overall significant improvement on their quality of life measured with the Quality of Life Rating Scale (QLS) (p=0.0004) as well as in sexual functioning PRSexDQ-SALSEX (p=0.0001). In addition, the all cause treatment discontinuation rate after6-month follow-up was small (n=3; 5,55%)ConclusionsThese data illustrate that stable, non-acute but symptomatic patients either on oral antipsychotic therapy or under monthly antipsychotic treatment may show clinically meaningful improvement of psychotic symptoms, tolerability involving relevant side effects and quality of life perception. The findings are limited by the naturalistic study design; thus, further studies are required to confirm the current findings.Keywords: Long-acting injectable antipsychotic therapy. Oral antipsychotic. Effectiveness- Tolerability-Quality oflife.

scholarly journals The Role of Chemotherapy in Management of Inoperable, Metastatic and/or Recurrent Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor of Infancy—Own Experience and Systematic Review

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3872
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Styczewska ◽  
Małgorzata A. Krawczyk ◽  
Ines B. Brecht ◽  
Konrad Haug ◽  
Ewa Iżycka-Świeszewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pediatric Oncology ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Neuroectodermal Tumor ◽  
Incomplete Resection ◽  
Systematic Literature Search ◽  
Neural Crest Origin

Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor of Infancy (MNTI) is a very rare pediatric neoplasm of neural crest origin. In most cases, it develops in infants as a localized tumor of the maxilla, and surgery is usually curative. In less than 10% of patients with inoperable, metastatic or persistently recurring MNTI, chemotherapy (CHT) may be considered; however, its role is still unclear. The aim of our study was to assess the efficacy of CHT in children with large, inoperable, metastatic and/or recurrent MNTI. Four such infants, treated with CHT in Polish and German centers of pediatric oncology, were presented. Additionally, a systematic literature search of the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science databases was performed, yielding 38 similar cases within the last 42 years. Neoadjuvant CHT, based mainly on the protocols for neuroblastoma, was often effective, allowing for complete delayed surgery in most cases. However, the role of adjuvant CHT in preventing recurrences after incomplete resection of MNTI remains unclear. Disseminated inoperable MNTI was almost universally associated with poor response to CHT and unfavorable outcome. Further investigations to elaborate standards of management in patients with inoperable, metastatic or persistently recurring MNTIs are necessary to improve outcomes.

Long-term safety and tolerability of iloperidone: results from a 25-week, open-label extension trial

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Cutler ◽  
Amir H. Kalali ◽  
Greg W. Mattingly ◽  
Jelena Kunovac ◽  
Xiangyi Meng
Keyword(s):  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Open Label Extension ◽  
Negative Syndrome ◽  
Extension Trial

Introduction/ObjectiveLong-term use of the atypical antipsychotic iloperidone has not been investigated at doses above 16 mg/d. This article describes safety and tolerability results from the 25-week open-label extension of a 4-week placebo- and ziprasidone-controlled clinical trial of iloperidone.MethodsPatients received a dose of 24 mg/d (given as 12 mg twice daily; mean dose = 21.6 mg) that could be reduced to 12 mg/d (given once daily at bedtime) any time after day 35 at the investigator's discretion.ResultsA total of 72/173 patients (41.6%) completed the open-label extension. Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), most mild to moderate in severity, included headache (13.9%), weight increase (9.2%), dizziness (6.9%), nausea (6.4%), sedation (6.4%), and insomnia (5.2%). The only notable dose-related TEAEs were increased weight and headache. Levels of serum glucose, lipids, and prolactin were essentially unchanged or decreased during treatment. In general, akathisia and extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) improved or were unchanged during treatment. There was no signal of worsening of efficacy based on changes from baseline in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale-Total.Discussion/ConclusionThis study further supports the long-term safety and tolerability of iloperidone for the treatment of schizophrenia, including iloperidone's favorable effect on metabolic laboratory parameters and low propensity to cause akathisia or EPS.

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of brexpiprazole in patients with schizophrenia presenting with severe symptoms: Post-hoc analysis of short- and long-term studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 829-838
Author(s):  
Nicole Meade ◽  
Lily Shi ◽  
Stine R Meehan ◽  
Catherine Weiss ◽  
Zahinoor Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Social Performance ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Scale Total Score ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Negative Syndrome ◽  
Performance Scale ◽  
Long Term Studies

Background: The treatment of patients with severe schizophrenia symptoms can be complicated and expensive. Aims: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the short- and long-term effects of brexpiprazole in patients with schizophrenia presenting with severe symptoms. Methods: Data were pooled from three six-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies and two 52-week, open-label extension studies. In the short-term studies, 1405 patients received placebo or brexpiprazole 2–4 mg/day; 412 brexpiprazole-treated patients rolled over into the long-term studies and received brexpiprazole 1–4 mg/day. More severe symptoms were defined as a Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale Total score >95 (median score at baseline). Outcomes included change in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale Total and Personal and Social Performance scale scores. Results: Brexpiprazole improved Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale Total score over 6 weeks among more severely ill patients, with a least squares mean difference versus placebo of −6.76 (95% confidence limits: −9.80, −3.72; p<0.0001; Cohen’s d: 0.43). Brexpiprazole also improved Personal and Social Performance scale score over 6 weeks in more severely ill patients (least squares mean difference: 4.38; limits: 2.14, 6.62; p=0.0001; Cohen’s d: 0.38). Improvement of functioning was greatest in the ‘Self-care’ domain, followed by ‘Personal and social relationships’. Among less severely ill patients, brexpiprazole was superior to placebo on Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale Total and Personal and Social Performance scale at Week 6. Improvements were maintained over 58 weeks. No new safety or tolerability concerns were observed. Conclusions: Brexpiprazole is an efficacious and well-tolerated treatment for schizophrenia in patients with more severe, and less severe, symptoms.

Effect of aripiprazole lauroxil in patients with acute schizophrenia as assessed by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale—supportive analyses from a Phase 3 study

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 284-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Citrome ◽  
Robert Risinger ◽  
Andrew J. Cutler ◽  
Yangchun Du ◽  
Jacqueline Zummo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scale Score ◽  
Clinical Global Impression ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
General Psychopathology ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Negative Syndrome

ObjectiveAripiprazole lauroxil (AL) is a long-acting injectable atypical antipsychotic that was evaluated for the treatment of schizophrenia in a randomized, placebo-controlled, Phase 3 study. Here, we present exploratory analyses of supportive efficacy endpoints.MethodsPatients experiencing an acute exacerbation of schizophrenia received AL 441 mg intramuscularly (IM), AL 882 mg IM, or matching placebo IM monthly. Supportive endpoints included changes from baseline at subsequent time points in Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) scale score; Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) Total score; PANSS Positive, Negative, and General Psychopathology subscale scores; PANSS Marder factors (post hoc); and PANSS responder rate. Overall response rate, based on PANSS Total score and Clinical Global Impression–Improvement (CGI-I) scale score, was also analyzed.ResultsOf 622 patients who were randomized, 596 had ≥1 post-baseline PANSS score. Patients were markedly ill at baseline (mean PANSS Total scores 92–94). Compared with placebo, CGI-S scores; PANSS Positive, Negative, and General Psychopathology subscale scores; and PANSS Marder factors were all significantly (p<0.001) improved by Day 85 with both AL doses, with significantly lower scores starting from Day 8 in most instances. Treatment response rates were significantly (p<0.001) greater with both doses of AL vs placebo.ConclusionAL demonstrated robust efficacy on CGI-S score, PANSS subscale scores, PANSS Marder factors, and response rates. Study limitations included use of a fixed dose for initial oral aripiprazole and fixed monthly AL doses without the option to individualize the oral initiation dosing or injection frequency for efficacy, tolerability, or safety.

scholarly journals Munchausen’s syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
E. A. Strel’tsov
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Systematic Literature Search ◽  
Munchausen Syndrome ◽  
Munchausen's Syndrome ◽  
Munchausen’S Syndrome

This literature review reviews Munchausen syndrome. The question of its nosological affi liation is considered, etiological theories and epidemiological indicators are presented. The options for the development of the clinical picture, the problems of therapy are described. A systematic literature search was conducted using the Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, elibrary, and other databases.

Long-Term Improvement in Efficacy and Safety After Switching to Ziprasidone in Stable Outpatients with Schizophrenia

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 898-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
George M. Simpson ◽  
Cedric J. O'Gorman ◽  
Antony Loebel ◽  
Ruoyong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Global Impression ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Conventional Antipsychotics ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
Intent To Treat ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
Negative Syndrome

ABSTRACTIntroduction:The long-term efficacy and tolerability of treatment with ziprasidone following a switch from prior antipsychotics was evaluated in outpatients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder in three open-label, flexible-dose, 1-year extension studies.Methods:These studies enrolled completers of 6-week trials in which subjects were switched to ziprasidone from conventional antipsychotics, olanzapine, or risperidone. Identical study designs and the small number of patients entering the extensions supported pooling of the data.Results:Of 185 pooled subjects entering the extension studies, 72 completed 58 weeks of treatment. Median treatment duration was 34.6 weeks; median dose was 120 mg/day at endpoint. The intent-to-treat population showed significant improvement in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total scores (−4.3 [P≤.01]), PANSS negative scores (−2.4 [P≤.0001]), and Clinical Global Impression of severity score (−0.3 [P≤.001]). Completers showed significant improvement in mean PANSS total scores (−10.2 [P<.0001]), PANSS positive scores (−2.7 [P<.0001]), PANSS negative scores (−2.7 [P<.001]), and Clinical Global Impression of severity scores (−0.6 [P<.0001]).Conclusion:Ziprasidone was well tolerated, and patients demonstrated significant improvement in metabolic parameters and in all movement disorder assessments. Insomnia and somnolence were the only adverse events with an incidence >10% in pooled subjects. No subject had a corrected QT interval ≥500 msec.

scholarly journals The Influence of Oral Dydrogesterone and Vaginal Progesterone on Threatened Abortion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee Joong Lee ◽  
Tae Chul Park ◽  
Jae Hoon Kim ◽  
Errol Norwitz ◽  
Banghyun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Systematic Literature Search ◽  
Vaginal Progesterone ◽  
Threatened Abortion

Objective. To conduct systematic analyses to evaluate the efficacy of progesterone therapy for the prevention of miscarriages in pregnant women experiencing threatened abortion. Methods. In November 2016, we performed a systematic literature search and identified 51 articles in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases. We identified nine randomized trials that included 913 pregnant women (including 322 treated with oral dydrogesterone, 213 treated with vaginal progesterone, and 378 control subjects) who met the selection criteria. Results. The incidence of miscarriage was significantly lower in the total progesterone group than in the control group (13.0% versus 21.7%; odds ratio, 0.53; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.36 to 0.78; P=0.001; I2, 0%). Moreover, the incidence of miscarriage was significantly lower in the oral dydrogesterone group than in the control group (11.7% versus 22.6%; odds ratio, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.26 to 0.71; P=0.001; I2, 0%) and was lower in the vaginal progesterone group than in the control group, although this difference was nonsignificant (15.4% versus 20.3%; odds ratio, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.39 to 1.34; P=0.30; I2, 0%). However, the incidence of miscarriage was not different between the oral dydrogesterone and vaginal progesterone groups. Conclusion. Progesterone therapy, especially oral dydrogesterone, can effectively prevent miscarriage in pregnant women experiencing threatened abortion.

Patients in the early phases of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders effectively treated with risperidone long-acting injectable

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (5_suppl) ◽  
pp. 5-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Parellada ◽  
R. Andrezina ◽  
V. Milanova ◽  
P. Glue ◽  
M. Masiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Improvement ◽  
Treatment Change ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Schizoaffective Disorders ◽  
Direct Initiation ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Previous Medication ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Negative Syndrome ◽  
Early Phases

The efficacy and safety of risperidone long-acting injectable (RLAI) was investigated in patients in the early phases of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders (≤ 3 years). Patients who required a treatment change received RLAI (2-weekly gluteal injections of 25, 37.5 or 50mg, per clinical judgement), without an oral risperidone run-in phase. A total of 382 patients were included in this 6-month open-label study; 73% of patients completed the study. A total of 84% had schizophrenia with a median duration of 1.0 year since diagnosis. Previous medications were mainly atypical antipsychotics (70%) and depot neuroleptics (24%). The main reasons for treatment change were non-compliance (42%) and insufficient efficacy (31%) of previous medication. The total Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and all its subscale scores improved significantly (p ≤ 0.0001), with 40% of patients showing a 20% improvement on total PANSS. Global Assessment of Functioning, quality of life, patient satisfaction and movement disorders also improved significantly. Tolerability of RLAI was generally good and no unexpected adverse events were reported. The ensured delivery of medication with RLAI resulted in significant symptom improvement in this patient population. Direct initiation of RLAI is well accepted by patients. RLAI might represent a novel option for patients in the early phases of psychosis.

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