scholarly journals Standardized Quantitative Evaluation of Clinical Effectiveness and Side Effect Profile of Subcutaneous and Sublingual Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy in Children: A 5-Year Single Center Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 156-165
Author(s):  
Nazan TÖKMECI ◽  
Ali DEMIRHAN ◽  
Merve TURKEGUN SENGUL ◽  
Burcu CAGLAR YUKSEK ◽  
Aylin KONT ÖZHAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Allergen Immunotherapy ◽  
Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Visual Analog Score ◽  
Allergen Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Medication Score ◽  
Asthma Patients ◽  
Systemic Side Effects ◽  
High Responders

Objective: Allergen-specific immunotherapy (allergen-SIT) is a treatment method with variable efficacy in allergic diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of allergen immunotherapy, frequency of LRs and SRs and variables affecting these parameters in patients who underwent allergen-SIT. Materials and Methods: In this study, the recorded data of 81 patients, who received subcutaneous (SCIT) or sublingual (SLIT) allergen immunotherapy for respiratory allergic diseases between 2014 and 2019, were analyzed. In asthma and/or allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (ARC) patients, the effectiveness of treatment was evaluated by analysing the change rates in disease symptom, medication and combined scores (symptom + medication) and visual analog score (VAS). Treatment success was defined by the degree of decrease in scores as; high response above 50%; low response between 20-50%; and failure <20%.Results: The mean age of allergen-SIT initiation was 11.4± 3.1 years. Diagnostic distributions of the patients were asthma (± ARC) in 64.2%, and ARC (without asthma) in 35.8%. The mode of allergen-SIT was SCIT in 77.8% (65% asthma and 35% ARC) and SLIT in 22.2% (61.1% asthma and 38.9% ARC). The main allergens used in allergen-SIT were mite (79%), grass-grain pollen (33.3%), alternaria (9.9%) and olea (8.6%). There was a significant decrease in symptoms, medication, combined and VAS scores in the asthma and ARC groups (p <0.0001), when end-SCIT values were compared to baseline. SLIT also resulted in significant decreases in these scores except asthma medication score. Among the asthma patients the rate of high-responders was 88.8% by SCIT and 50% by SLIT, according to combined asthma score. Among the ARC (without asthma) patients the rate of high-responders was 100% for both SCIT and SLIT. SCIT resulted in local (LR) and systemic side effects (SR) in 18% and 0.6% (all Grade I and Grade II) of the total injections performed. A high number of total injections was significantly associated with higher LR and SR rates. While LR was observed in 16.6% of the patients who underwent SLIT, no systemic reaction was found in any of the patients. Conclusion: SCIT was highly successful in the treatment of asthma and ARC in terms of the degree of therapeutic response. SLIT resulted in a high rate of good response in ARC patients, but a lower response degree in asthmatic patients. Systemic side effects were very low as a result of close risk monitoring and the dose adjustments performed. Keywords: Allergen-specific immunotherapy, SCIT, SLIT, efficacy, symptom score, medication score, visual analog score, side effects

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of a Glycyrrhizic Acid-Based Drug Delivery System for Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Pashkina ◽  
Veronika Evseenko ◽  
Natalya Dumchenko ◽  
Maxim Zelikman ◽  
Alina Aktanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Glycyrrhizic Acid ◽  
Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Treg Cells ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Allergen Specific Immunotherapy

The most effective method of treating allergic diseases, aimed not at relieving symptoms, but at eliminating the cause of the disease, is allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT). To reduce the risk of side effects and improve the delivery of allergens to the mucosa, various delivery systems, such as liposomes, dendrimers, nanoparticles, etc., can be used. To date, there are data on the creation of delivery systems based on glycyrrhizic acid (GA) and its derivatives, but such a delivery system has not been used for allergen-specific therapy until now. At the same time, it is known that GA has an anti-inflammatory effect, shifts the balance towards Th1, and increases the number of Treg cells, which means that in the future it can enhance the anti-allergic effect of AIT and reduce the risk of unwanted side effects. Thus, the study of the immunomodulatory effect of supramolecular complexes (micelles) of GA with extracts of allergens seems to be very promising for the development of new drugs for AIT.

scholarly journals Allergen-specific immunotherapy with pollen allergoids in the treatment ofhay fever in children

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
I M Gayduk ◽  
I V Makarova ◽  
O V Trusova ◽  
D V Breykin ◽  
V G Sukhorukova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Dose Adjustment ◽  
Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Hay Fever ◽  
Good Tolerability ◽  
Allergen Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Course Effectiveness ◽  
Flowering Season ◽  
Systemic Side Effects ◽  
Fever Treatment

Background. The research of effective methods of allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) with good tolerability is important in children with allergic disorders. The aim of the study was to investigate effectiveness and safety of ASIT with pollen allergoids for hay fever treatment in children. Methods. 71 patients 5 to 17 years old with diseases caused by tree pollen sensitization: allergic rhinoconjunctivitis in 36 patients, rhinitis combined with pollen asthma in 17, combined with atopic dermatitis in 1, and pollen asthma in 17, were included in the study. 2 courses of subcutaneous ASIT out of flowering season were conducted in every child using commercially available pollen allergoids. ASIT effectiveness was assessed using 4-point scale where 4 points represents complete disease remission, and 1 point represents lack of effectiveness. Local and systemic side effects were registered as parameters of ASIT safety. Results. Total dose of allergen was 13 768 PNU after the 1st course of ASIT, and 12 700 PNU after the 2nd course. Effectiveness of the 1st course of ASIT was 4,0 points out of 4,0 and of the 2nd course - 4,0 points. Local side effects (infiltration larger than 25 mm, itching and oedema in injection site) in 19,7% patients and systemic side effects (allergic rhinitis exacerbation, urticaria) in 11,3% patients were stopped after allergoid dose adjustment. Conclusion. ASIT with pollen allergoids is effective for hay fever treatment in children. Children with bronchi al asthma are at higher risk for adverse events and need individual dose adjustment.

scholarly journals ASIT – A SOLUTION IN ALLERGY TREATMENT

2017 ◽  
pp. 116-119
Author(s):  
S. V. TSAREV
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Sublingual Immunotherapy ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Action Mechanism ◽  
Allergen Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Allergy Treatment ◽  
Paediatric Practice ◽  
Indications For Use

This article discusses the place and role of an allergen-specific immunotherapy in the treatment of allergic diseases. It provides an action mechanism, indications for use, contraindications, and side effects of an allergen-specific immunotherapy. A comparison of different methodologies for an allergen-specific immunotherapy was made. The advantages of sublingual allergen-specificimmunotherapy in paediatric practice were demonstrated. Provides data on the efficiency and safety of pollinosis sublingual immunotherapy with sensitization to grass

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of a Glycyrrhizic Acid-Based Drug Delivery System for Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Pashkina ◽  
Veronika Evseenko ◽  
Natalya Dumchenko ◽  
Maxim Zelikman ◽  
Alina Aktanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Glycyrrhizic Acid ◽  
Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Treg Cells ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Allergen Specific Immunotherapy

The most effective method of treating allergic diseases, aimed not at relieving symptoms, but at eliminating the cause of the disease, is allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT). To reduce the risk of side effects and improve the delivery of allergens to the mucosa, various delivery systems, such as liposomes, dendrimers, nanoparticles, etc., can be used. To date, there are data on the creation of delivery systems based on glycyrrhizic acid (GA) and its derivatives, but such a delivery system has not been used for allergen-specific therapy until now. It is also known that GA has an anti-inflammatory effect, shifts the balance towards Th1, and increases the number of Treg cells, meaning that it could potentially enhance the anti-allergic effect of AIT and reduce the risk of unwanted side effects. Thus, the study of the immunomodulatory effect of the supramolecular complexes (micelles) of GA with extracts of allergens holds promise for the development of new drugs for AIT.

Immunotheraphy in Allergic Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1174-1194
Author(s):  
Albert Roger ◽  
Maria Basagana ◽  
Aina Teniente-Serra ◽  
Nathalie Depreux ◽  
Yanina Jurgens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
World Population ◽  
Allergen Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Routes Of Administration ◽  
Disease Modifying Therapy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ige Mediated ◽  
Special Case

The prevalence of allergic diseases is increasing worldwide. It is estimated that more than 30% of the world population is now affected by one or more allergic conditions and a high proportion of this increase is in young people. The diagnosis of allergy is dependent on a history of symptoms on exposure to an allergen together with the detection of allergen-specific IgE. Accurate diagnosis of allergies opens up therapeutic options. Allergen specific immunotherapy is the only successful disease-modifying therapy for IgE-mediated allergic diseases. New therapeutic strategies have been developed or are currently under clinical trials. Besides new routes of administration, new types of allergens are being developed. The use of adjuvants may amplify the immune response towards tolerance to the antigens. In this review, we analyze different antigen-specific immunotherapies according to administration route, type of antigens and adjuvants, and we address the special case of food allergy.

scholarly journals Allergen-specific immunotherapy. Analytic review of current international and Russian federal position papers

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-32
Author(s):  
O M Kurbacheva ◽  
K S Pavlova ◽  
M A Galitzkaya
Keyword(s):  
Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Allergen Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Detailed Understanding ◽  
Analytic Review ◽  
Ige Mediated ◽  
Federal Guidelines

The article analyses the international position papers devoted to allergen-specific immunotherapy published in recent years. It also describes in details Russian federal guidelines, published in the 2013-2016 years and dedicated to allergen-specific immunotherapy as a method of treatment of IgE-mediated allergic diseases, as well as Russian federal guidelines. Detailed understanding of indications, contraindications, and usage of AIT in various clinical situations are widely discussed.

Year-round treatment initiation for a 6-grasses pollen allergoid in specific immunotherapy of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma

Immunotherapy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 1569-1582
Author(s):  
Vera Mahler ◽  
Stefan Zielen ◽  
Martin Rosewich
Keyword(s):  
Grass Pollen ◽  
Pollen Season ◽  
Allergen Immunotherapy ◽  
Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Treatment Initiation ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Specific Igg4 ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Aim: Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is an effective treatment for allergic diseases. We investigate whether treatment-initiation during the pollen season is safe. Methods: RCT-IIIb-trial of 6-grass-pollen-allergoid (Allergovit®) in grass pollen-allergic patients (18–65 years) with moderate–severe rhinitis/rhinoconjunctivitis (± controlled asthma), randomized 2:1 to treatment-initiation during (Group-A) versus outside the pollen season (Group-B). Results: Of 240 patients (32.8 ± 9.9 years, 19.5% asthma) treated, 84.9% (Group-A) and 86.6% (Group-B) reached maintenance dose without delay. Treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in 108 (68.4%/Group-A) and 41 patients (56.2%/Group-B) leading to premature trial-termination in 11 patients (7%/A) versus 3 (4.1%/B). Across groups, physicians (for 190 patients; 85.2%) and patients (192; 86.1%) rated the tolerability as ‘very good’–‘good’. Phleum pratense-specific IgG4 increased in both groups (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: Year-round allergen immunotherapy-initiation with this preparation is safe.

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