Immunotherapy
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Published By Future Medicine

1750-7448, 1750-743x

Immunotherapy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deniz Genç ◽  
Burcu Günaydın ◽  
Serhat Sezgin ◽  
Akın Aladağ ◽  
Emine Figen Tarhan

Background: In this article, the authors investigate the modulatory effects of dental mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on lymphocyte responses in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS), which is an autoimmune disease resulting from keratoconjunctivitis sicca and xerostomia. Methods: Mononuclear cells isolated from pSS patients cultured with or without dental MSCs and analyzed for lymphocyte responses via flow cytometry. Results: Dental-follicle (DF)- and dental-pulp (DP)-MSCs downregulated CD4+ T lymphocyte proliferation by increasing Fas-ligand expression on T lymphocytes and FoxP3 expressing Tregs, and decreasing intracellular IFN-γ and IL-17 secretion in pSS patients. DF-MSCs decreased the plasma B cell ratio in the favor of naive B cell population in pSS patients' mononuclear cells. Conclusion: DF- and DP-MSCs can be the new cellular therapeutic candidates for the regulation of immune responses in pSS.


Immunotherapy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Nuvola ◽  
Alessandro Rizzo ◽  
Veronica Mollica ◽  
Francesco Massari

Immunotherapy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger H Kobayashi ◽  
Jiří Litzman ◽  
Syed Rizvi ◽  
Huub Kreuwel ◽  
Sonja Hoeller ◽  
...  

Most primary immunodeficiency diseases, and select secondary immunodeficiency diseases, are treated with immunoglobulin (IG) therapy, administered intravenously or subcutaneously (SCIG). The first instance of IG replacement for primary immunodeficiency disease was a 16.5% formulation administered subcutaneously in 1952. While most SCIG products are now a 10 or 20% concentration, this review will focus on SCIG 16.5% products with a historical overview of development, including the early pioneers who initiated and refined IG replacement therapy, as well as key characteristics, manufacturing and clinical studies. In determining an appropriate IG regimen, one must consider specific patient needs, characteristics and preferences. There are advantages to SCIG, such as stable serum immunoglobulin G levels, high tolerability and the flexibility of self-administered home treatment.


Immunotherapy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazem Ghebeh ◽  
Mahmoud A Elshenawy ◽  
Adher D AlSayed ◽  
Taher Al-Tweigeri

Introduction: There is evidence for an association between peripheral blood eosinophil count (PBEC) and response to cancer immunotherapy; however, such data is limited in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC). Patients & methods: This report presents patients (n = 14) who received a combination of durvalumab and paclitaxel for mTNBC (NCT02628132). Results: There was a statistically significant correlation (p = 0.028) between an increase in PBEC (>300/mm3) during treatment and response to the combination therapy. Survival analysis showed a statistically significant association between progression-free survival and increased PBEC, after therapy (p = 0.005). A similar trend existed for overall survival, although it did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.167). Conclusion: This is the first study to report on eosinophilia in mTNBC treated with chemoimmunotherapy and supports a role for eosinophils in immunotherapy for mTNBC.


Immunotherapy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Ryan Gilroy

Immunotherapy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Dybała ◽  
Alvise Sernicola ◽  
Vito Gomes ◽  
Giorgia Carnicelli ◽  
Rovena Muharremi ◽  
...  

Dupilumab-related head and neck dermatitis is an increasingly reported clinical manifestation occurring in 4–10% of patients on dupilumab that was apparently not reported in clinical trials. Out of 62 adult patients treated with dupilumab for atopic dermatitis in the authors' center, four cases (6%) of head and neck dermatitis were observed, for which a skin biopsy was obtained. Onset occurred between 8 and 24 weeks after initiation of dupilumab, and the reaction resolved after 8–12 weeks. Histopathology and immunohistochemical findings support the authors' hypothesis that facial redness may be a toxic effect induced by dupilumab, although its pathogenesis still requires further investigation.


Immunotherapy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L Wasserman ◽  
Sudhir Gupta ◽  
Mark Stein ◽  
Christopher J Rabbat ◽  
Werner Engl ◽  
...  

Aim: This post hoc analysis evaluated the efficacy and overall tolerability of immunoglobulin (Ig) treatment modalities (intravenous Ig [iv.Ig], subcutaneous Ig [sc.Ig] and facilitated sc.Ig [fsc.Ig]). Materials & methods: A total of 30 participants with primary immunodeficiency diseases aged ≥2 years sequentially received iv.Ig, sc.Ig and fsc.Ig during consecutive clinical studies. Results: For iv.Ig, sc.Ig and fsc.Ig, rates of validated acute serious bacterial infections/participant-year (0, 0.09 and 0.04, respectively) and all infections/participant year (4.17, 3.68 and 2.42, respectively) were similarly low; rates of systemic and local causally related adverse events/participant-year were 5.60, 1.93 and 0.88, respectively and 0.13, 0.92 and 1.57, respectively. Conclusion: fsc.Ig provided similar efficacy to iv.Ig and sc.Ig. Clinical Trial registration: NCT00546871 , NCT00814320 , NCT01175213 (ClinicalTrials.gov)


Immunotherapy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Gemelli ◽  
Marco Carbone ◽  
Maria I Abbate ◽  
Maddalena Mancin ◽  
Nicola Zucchini ◽  
...  

PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors demonstrate high efficacy in non-small-cell lung cancer and are now routinely used in clinical practice. Severe immune-related adverse events are reported in about 5% of patients, requiring hospitalization and possibly leading to death. We present a rare case of vanishing bile duct syndrome that arose a few days after the first pembrolizumab infusion. Laboratory tests and radiological imaging studies were performed to orient diagnosis and monitor the disease, while the evidence of ductal loss on the histological sample was pathognomonic for vanishing bile duct syndrome. High-dose steroid therapy and immunosuppressors were administered, resulting in scarce efficacy. Prompt recognition and management of similar conditions is crucial to avoid fatal events. Further studies are needed to investigate new drugs for steroid-refractory conditions.


Immunotherapy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Zouein ◽  
Fady G Haddad ◽  
Roland Eid ◽  
Hampig R Kourie

Lung cancer is the second most common cancer worldwide and the leading cause of death among cancers. The progressive approvals of immunotherapy as first-line treatment options have helped improve cancer prognosis. However, longer follow-up has confirmed the possibility of acquired resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) which can lead to late relapses. Chemotherapy can act as a priming therapy to increase a tumor’s response to immunotherapy. We aim through this review to explain the mechanism behind ICI resistance and the value of chemotherapy in escaping this resistance. Finally, all US FDA approvals regarding the management of metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer using a combination of ICIs and chemotherapy are summarized.


Immunotherapy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy A Pinto ◽  
Xinyue Liu ◽  
Xiaoyun Li ◽  
Emilie Scherrer ◽  
Mizuho Kalabis

Background: Little is known regarding treatment patterns and overall survival (OS) for patients with advanced melanoma who progress after anti-PD-1 exposure. Methods: The Kaplan–Meier method was used to evaluate OS from electronic health records for patients with advanced melanoma who progressed on anti-PD-1 therapy and received subsequent therapy. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize treatment. Results: A total of 304 patients who progressed after anti-PD-1 therapy received subsequent therapy: 50% immunotherapy, 36% BRAF and/or MEK inhibitors, 14% other therapies. Median OS was 7.2 months (95% CI: 6.4–8.8), with an association (p < 0.01) with best response to baseline anti-PD-1 therapy and further associations with Eastern Co-operative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status ≤1 (p < 0.001 compared with ECOG ≥2), normal LDH (p < 0.001 compared with elevated levels) and treatment with BRAF and/or MEK inhibitors (p = 0.02 compared with other treatment). There was an association (p < 0.01) of survival with best response to baseline anti-PD-1 therapy. Conclusions: OS for advanced melanoma patients who progress on anti-PD-1 therapy is suboptimal, which highlights the need for further research to develop new medications and optimize treatment strategies.


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