scholarly journals Body Image Distress and Its Associations From an International Sample of Men and Women Across the Adult Life Span: Web-Based Survey Study

10.2196/25329 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. e25329
Author(s):  
Alyssa Milton ◽  
Ashlea Hambleton ◽  
Anna Roberts ◽  
Tracey Davenport ◽  
Anna Flego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adult Life Span ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Health And Wellbeing

Background Previous research on body image distress mainly relied on samples that were small, generally homogeneous in age or sex, often limited to one geographical region, and were characterized by a lack of comprehensive analysis of multiple psychosocial domains. The research presented in this paper extends the international literature using the results of the web-based Global Health and Wellbeing Survey 2015. The survey included a large sample of both men and women aged ≥16 years from Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, or the United States. Objective The main objectives of this study are to examine body image distress across the adult life span (≥16 years) and sex and assess the association between body image distress and various psychosocial risk and protective factors. Methods Data were extracted from the Global Health and Wellbeing Survey 2015, a web-based international self-report survey with 10,765 respondents, and compared with previous web-based surveys conducted in 2009 and 2012. Results The body image distress of young Australians (aged 16-25 years) significantly rose by 33% from 2009 to 2015. In 2015, 75.19% (961/1278) of 16- to 25-year-old adults reported body image distress worldwide, and a decline in body image distress was noted with increasing age. More women reported higher levels of body image distress than men (1953/3338, 58.51% vs 853/2175, 39.22%). Sex, age, current dieting status, perception of weight, psychological distress, alcohol and other substance misuse, and well-being significantly explained 24% of the variance in body image distress in a linear regression (F15,4966=105.8; P<.001). Conclusions This study demonstrates the significant interplay between body image distress and psychosocial factors across age and sex.

scholarly journals Body Image Distress and Its Associations From an International Sample of Men and Women Across the Adult Life Span: Web-Based Survey Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssa Milton ◽  
Ashlea Hambleton ◽  
Anna Roberts ◽  
Tracey Davenport ◽  
Anna Flego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adult Life Span ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Health And Wellbeing

BACKGROUND Previous research on body image distress mainly relied on samples that were small, generally homogeneous in age or sex, often limited to one geographical region, and were characterized by a lack of comprehensive analysis of multiple psychosocial domains. The research presented in this paper extends the international literature using the results of the web-based Global Health and Wellbeing Survey 2015. The survey included a large sample of both men and women aged ≥16 years from Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, or the United States. OBJECTIVE The main objectives of this study are to examine body image distress across the adult life span (≥16 years) and sex and assess the association between body image distress and various psychosocial risk and protective factors. METHODS Data were extracted from the Global Health and Wellbeing Survey 2015, a web-based international self-report survey with 10,765 respondents, and compared with previous web-based surveys conducted in 2009 and 2012. RESULTS The body image distress of young Australians (aged 16-25 years) significantly rose by 33% from 2009 to 2015. In 2015, 75.19% (961/1278) of 16- to 25-year-old adults reported body image distress worldwide, and a decline in body image distress was noted with increasing age. More women reported higher levels of body image distress than men (1953/3338, 58.51% vs 853/2175, 39.22%). Sex, age, current dieting status, perception of weight, psychological distress, alcohol and other substance misuse, and well-being significantly explained 24% of the variance in body image distress in a linear regression (<i>F</i><sub>15,4966</sub>=105.8; <i>P</i>&lt;.001). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the significant interplay between body image distress and psychosocial factors across age and sex.

Is the pattern of intellectual growth and decline across the adult life span different for men and women?

1991 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 801-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan S. Kaufman ◽  
James E. McLean ◽  
Jennie L. Kaufman-Packer ◽  
Cecil R. Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Adult Life Span ◽  
Men And Women

scholarly journals Mixed emotions across the adult life span in the United States.

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Schneider ◽  
Arthur A. Stone
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
Adult Life Span ◽  
Mixed Emotions

scholarly journals Increased production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and reduced adult life span in an insecticide-resistant strain of Anopheles gambiae

2014 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Otali ◽  
R.J. Novak ◽  
W. Wan ◽  
S. Bu ◽  
D.R. Moellering ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Developmental Time ◽  
The Body ◽  
Susceptible Strain ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
Adult Life Span ◽  
Adult Females

AbstractControl of the malaria vector An. gambiae is still largely obtained through chemical intervention using pyrethroids, such as permethrin. However, strains of An. gambiae that are resistant to the toxic effects of pyrethroids have become widespread in several endemic areas over the last decade. The objective of this study was to assess differences in five life-history traits (larval developmental time and the body weight, fecundity, hatch rate, and longevity of adult females) and energy metabolism between a strain of An. gambiae that is resistant to permethrin (RSP), due to knockdown resistance and enhanced metabolic detoxification, and a permethrin susceptible strain reared under laboratory conditions. We also quantified the expression levels of five antioxidant enzyme genes: GSTe3, CAT, GPXH1, SOD1, and SOD2. We found that the RSP strain had a longer developmental time than the susceptible strain. Additionally, RSP adult females had higher wet body weight and increased water and glycogen levels. Compared to permethrin susceptible females, RSP females displayed reduced metabolic rate and mitochondrial coupling efficiency and higher mitochondrial ROS production. Furthermore, despite higher levels of GSTe3 and CAT transcripts, RSP females had a shorter adult life span than susceptible females. Collectively, these results suggest that permethrin resistance alleles might affect energy metabolism, oxidative stress, and adult survival of An. gambiae. However, because the strains used in this study differ in their genetic backgrounds, the results need to be interpreted with caution and replicated in other strains to have significant implications for malaria transmission and vector control.

Women’s Body Image Throughout the Adult Life Span: A Latent Growth Modeling Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-339
Author(s):  
Minsun Lee ◽  
Mary Lynn Damhorst
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Growth Modeling ◽  
Latent Growth Modeling ◽  
Latent Growth ◽  
Adult Life Span ◽  
Women's Body Image

This retrospective study examined developmental trajectories of women’s body image perceptions throughout the adult life span from life course and self-discrepancy theory perspectives. Data were collected from women over 65 years of age, recruited from 15 senior communities and centers in a Midwest U.S. state in 2012. A total of 102 older women completed a survey about their past and current body image perceptions. To examine developmental trajectories of the repeated body image measures, a latent growth modeling analysis was adopted. Distinct and significant trajectories in each body image measure during the entire adult life course were found, confirming that a retrospective account of women’s body image perceptions significantly change with age. The individual differences in the trajectories over time and the relationship between an individual’s initial mean level and the rate of change on each variable were also examined. The findings advanced understanding of the retrospective age effects on women’s body image throughout the adult life span.

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