Increased production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and reduced adult life span in an insecticide-resistant strain of Anopheles gambiae

AbstractControl of the malaria vector An. gambiae is still largely obtained through chemical intervention using pyrethroids, such as permethrin. However, strains of An. gambiae that are resistant to the toxic effects of pyrethroids have become widespread in several endemic areas over the last decade. The objective of this study was to assess differences in five life-history traits (larval developmental time and the body weight, fecundity, hatch rate, and longevity of adult females) and energy metabolism between a strain of An. gambiae that is resistant to permethrin (RSP), due to knockdown resistance and enhanced metabolic detoxification, and a permethrin susceptible strain reared under laboratory conditions. We also quantified the expression levels of five antioxidant enzyme genes: GSTe3, CAT, GPXH1, SOD1, and SOD2. We found that the RSP strain had a longer developmental time than the susceptible strain. Additionally, RSP adult females had higher wet body weight and increased water and glycogen levels. Compared to permethrin susceptible females, RSP females displayed reduced metabolic rate and mitochondrial coupling efficiency and higher mitochondrial ROS production. Furthermore, despite higher levels of GSTe3 and CAT transcripts, RSP females had a shorter adult life span than susceptible females. Collectively, these results suggest that permethrin resistance alleles might affect energy metabolism, oxidative stress, and adult survival of An. gambiae. However, because the strains used in this study differ in their genetic backgrounds, the results need to be interpreted with caution and replicated in other strains to have significant implications for malaria transmission and vector control.

Download Full-text

The loss of enzyme activities involved in early steps of energy metabolism being a parameter for the reduction of physical performances during adult life-span of Phormia terrae novae females

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B Comparative Biochemistry ◽

10.1016/0305-0491(86)90392-5 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 83 (2) ◽

pp. 435-440 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

H. Wilps ◽

K.-G. Collatz

Keyword(s):

Energy Metabolism ◽

Life Span ◽

Enzyme Activities ◽

Adult Life ◽

Adult Life Span ◽

Physical Performances

Download Full-text

Body Image Distress and Its Associations From an International Sample of Men and Women Across the Adult Life Span: Web-Based Survey Study

JMIR Formative Research ◽

10.2196/25329 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (11) ◽

pp. e25329

Author(s):

Alyssa Milton ◽

Ashlea Hambleton ◽

Anna Roberts ◽

Tracey Davenport ◽

Anna Flego ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Image ◽

Global Health ◽

Life Span ◽

Adult Life ◽

The United States ◽

The Body ◽

Adult Life Span ◽

Web Based ◽

Men And Women ◽

Health And Wellbeing

Background Previous research on body image distress mainly relied on samples that were small, generally homogeneous in age or sex, often limited to one geographical region, and were characterized by a lack of comprehensive analysis of multiple psychosocial domains. The research presented in this paper extends the international literature using the results of the web-based Global Health and Wellbeing Survey 2015. The survey included a large sample of both men and women aged ≥16 years from Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, or the United States. Objective The main objectives of this study are to examine body image distress across the adult life span (≥16 years) and sex and assess the association between body image distress and various psychosocial risk and protective factors. Methods Data were extracted from the Global Health and Wellbeing Survey 2015, a web-based international self-report survey with 10,765 respondents, and compared with previous web-based surveys conducted in 2009 and 2012. Results The body image distress of young Australians (aged 16-25 years) significantly rose by 33% from 2009 to 2015. In 2015, 75.19% (961/1278) of 16- to 25-year-old adults reported body image distress worldwide, and a decline in body image distress was noted with increasing age. More women reported higher levels of body image distress than men (1953/3338, 58.51% vs 853/2175, 39.22%). Sex, age, current dieting status, perception of weight, psychological distress, alcohol and other substance misuse, and well-being significantly explained 24% of the variance in body image distress in a linear regression (F15,4966=105.8; P<.001). Conclusions This study demonstrates the significant interplay between body image distress and psychosocial factors across age and sex.

Download Full-text

Body Image Distress and Its Associations From an International Sample of Men and Women Across the Adult Life Span: Web-Based Survey Study (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.25329 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Alyssa Milton ◽

Ashlea Hambleton ◽

Anna Roberts ◽

Tracey Davenport ◽

Anna Flego ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Image ◽

Global Health ◽

Life Span ◽

Adult Life ◽

The United States ◽

The Body ◽

Adult Life Span ◽

Web Based ◽

Men And Women ◽

Health And Wellbeing

BACKGROUND Previous research on body image distress mainly relied on samples that were small, generally homogeneous in age or sex, often limited to one geographical region, and were characterized by a lack of comprehensive analysis of multiple psychosocial domains. The research presented in this paper extends the international literature using the results of the web-based Global Health and Wellbeing Survey 2015. The survey included a large sample of both men and women aged ≥16 years from Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, or the United States. OBJECTIVE The main objectives of this study are to examine body image distress across the adult life span (≥16 years) and sex and assess the association between body image distress and various psychosocial risk and protective factors. METHODS Data were extracted from the Global Health and Wellbeing Survey 2015, a web-based international self-report survey with 10,765 respondents, and compared with previous web-based surveys conducted in 2009 and 2012. RESULTS The body image distress of young Australians (aged 16-25 years) significantly rose by 33% from 2009 to 2015. In 2015, 75.19% (961/1278) of 16- to 25-year-old adults reported body image distress worldwide, and a decline in body image distress was noted with increasing age. More women reported higher levels of body image distress than men (1953/3338, 58.51% vs 853/2175, 39.22%). Sex, age, current dieting status, perception of weight, psychological distress, alcohol and other substance misuse, and well-being significantly explained 24% of the variance in body image distress in a linear regression (F15,4966=105.8; P<.001). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the significant interplay between body image distress and psychosocial factors across age and sex.

Download Full-text

An Analysis of the Relationship Between Metabolism, Developmental Schedules, and Longevity Using Phylogenetic Independent Contrasts

The Journals of Gerontology Series A ◽

10.1093/gerona/62.2.149 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 62 (2) ◽

pp. 149-160 ◽

Cited By ~ 175

Author(s):

João Pedro de Magalhães ◽

Joana Costa ◽

George M. Church

Keyword(s):

Body Size ◽

Life Span ◽

Comparative Studies ◽

Adult Life ◽

Postnatal Growth ◽

Developmental Time ◽

Age At Maturity ◽

Adult Life Span ◽

The Relationship ◽

Species Longevity

AbstractComparative studies of aging are often difficult to interpret because of the different factors that tend to correlate with longevity. We used the AnAge database to study these factors, particularly metabolism and developmental schedules, previously associated with longevity in vertebrate species. Our results show that, after correcting for body mass and phylogeny, basal metabolic rate does not correlate with longevity in eutherians or birds, although it negatively correlates with marsupial longevity and time to maturity. We confirm the idea that age at maturity is typically proportional to adult life span, and show that mammals that live longer for their body size, such as bats and primates, also tend to have a longer developmental time for their body size. Lastly, postnatal growth rates were negatively correlated with adult life span in mammals but not in birds. Our work provides a detailed view of factors related to species longevity with implications for how comparative studies of aging are interpreted.

Download Full-text