Internet-Based HIV Prevention With At-Home Sexually Transmitted Infection Testing for Young Men Having Sex With Men: Study Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Trial of Keep It Up! 2.0

BACKGROUND Gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) are at disproportionately higher risk of acquiring HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STI). While HIV/STI testing rates among GBMSM are increasing worldwide, they remain suboptimal in a variety of settings. While many studies have attempted to evaluate the efficacy of a variety of community-based campaigns, including peer and reminder-based interventions on HIV/STI testing, however few have attempted to do so for a web drama series. OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the effectiveness of a popular web drama video series developed by a community-based organization in Singapore for GBMSM on HIV and other STI testing behaviors. METHODS The study is a pragmatic, randomized controlled trial to evaluate a popular web drama video series developed by a community-based organization in Singapore for GBMSM. A total of 300 HIV-negative, GBMSM men in Singapore aged 18 to 29 years old were recruited and block-randomized into the intervention (n=150) and control arms (n=150). Primary outcomes included changes in self-reported intention to test for, actual testing for, and regularity of testing for HIV, Syphilis, Chlamydia or Gonorrhoea, while secondary outcomes include changes in a variety of other knowledge-based and psychosocial measures at the end of the study period. RESULTS Overall, 125 out of 150 participants (83.3%) in the intervention arm completed the proof of completion survey, compared to 133 out of 150 participants (88.7%) in the control arm. We found statistically significant differences in self-reporting as a regular (at least yearly) tester for HIV (15.9% difference, 95%CI [3.2%, 28.6%]), as well as chlamydia or gonorrhoea (15.5% difference, 95%CI [4.2%, 26.9%]), indicating that the intervention had positively impacted these outcomes compared to the control condition. We also found statistically significant differences in participants’ intentions to test for HIV (16.6% difference, 95%CI [4.3%, 28.9%]), syphilis (14.8% difference, 95%CI [3.2%, 26.4%]), as well as chlamydia or gonorrhoea (15.4% difference, 95%CI [4.2%, 26.6%]), in the next three months, indicating that the intervention was effective in positively impacting intention for HIV and other STI testing among participants. CONCLUSIONS There are clear benefits for promoting intentions to test regularly and prospectively on a broad scale through this intervention. This intervention also has potential to reach GBMSM who may not have access to conventional HIV and other STI prevention messaging, which have typically been implemented at sex-on-premises venues, bars, clubs, and in sexual health settings frequented by GBMSM. When coupled with community or population-wide structural interventions, the overall impact on testing will likely be significant. CLINICALTRIAL Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04021953 INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT RR2-http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033855

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A Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating the Efficacy of a Theory-based Intervention Promoting Condom Use Among Chinese Monogamous Female Sexually Transmitted Infection Patients

International Journal of Behavioral Medicine ◽

10.1007/s12529-014-9388-4 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

pp. 719-729 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Joseph T. F. Lau ◽

Jinghua Li ◽

K. C. Choi ◽

Jing Gu

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Condom Use ◽

Sexually Transmitted Infection ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Transmitted Infection ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Randomized Controlled

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Measuring Acceptability and Engagement of the Keep It Up! Internet-based HIV Prevention Randomized Controlled Trial for Young Men who have Sex with Men (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.11621 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Krystal Madkins ◽

David Moskowitz ◽

Kevin Moran ◽

Trey Dellucci ◽

Brian Mustanski

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Hiv Prevention ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

P Values ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Intervention Acceptability ◽

Intervention Content ◽

Sex With Men

BACKGROUND Since 2010, HIV diagnoses among men who have sex with men (MSM) have remained stably high while decreasing for heterosexual men and women. The burden of infection has disproportionately impacted younger MSM of color relative to other populations. Despite the increased risk, there are few HIV prevention programs targeted to diverse and young MSM. The Keep It Up! (KIU!) online intervention was created to address the HIV prevention needs of this population. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to examine the acceptability and engagement of KIU!, and explore any differences by demographics, within the context of a randomized controlled trial (RCT). METHODS Between May 2013 and December 2015, 445 participants were randomized into the intervention arm of the KIU! RCT. Data were taken from the baseline assessment, KIU! 2.0 intervention modules, and immediate post-test assessments of intervention acceptability and engagement. Outcomes of interests were qualitative and quantitative measures of intervention acceptability and engagement as well as process measures (i.e., star ratings of intervention content and paradata on time spent in intervention). RESULTS Participants were an average of 24 years old, 62.9% (280/445) identified as a racial or ethnic minority, 86.5% (385/445) identified as gay, and 84.3% (375/445) reported having at least some college education. Most participants rated the intervention content highly (4 out of 5 stars) and gave the intervention an average acceptability score of 3.5 out of 4. Compared to White participants, Black participants found the intervention more useful (p = .03), engaging (p < .001), and acceptable (p = .001); Latino participants found the intervention more engaging (p = .03); and “other” non-White participants found the intervention more engaging (p = .008) and acceptable (p = .02). Participants with high school or less education found the intervention more useful, engaging, and acceptable, and were more likely to give intervention content a five star rating than college educated participants (p-values = .047, <.001, .002, .01 respectively) or those with graduate degrees (p-values = .04, .001, < .001, .004 respectively). White participants showed the most variation between education levels and reporting positive attitudes towards the intervention. Among Black participants, graduate degree-earning participants spent significantly more time on the intervention than high-school or less educated participants (p = .02). CONCLUSIONS Overall, participants gave the intervention high acceptability and engagement ratings; but it was most acceptable and engaging to participants who were younger, identified as racial and ethnic minorities, had less education, and lived in the South. As these are all groups with greater burden of HIV infection, the KIU! intervention is promising as a primary HIV prevention tool. Future implementations of KIU! are needed to assess its acceptability outside of the highly controlled environment of an RCT. CLINICALTRIAL RCT# NCT01836445

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