Organic research and collaborative development (ORCD) of horticultural
                        supply chains in the Asia-Pacific

The global manufacturing network facilitates the complex and opaque supply chains, comprising multiple levels of subcontracting which provide an easy scope for modern slavery through unfair labor practices. Global supply chains accommodate around 20% of total workforce. But, it is estimated, at any given moment that approximately three out of every thousand people on the planet are suffering in some form of forced labor, which is more prevalent in the Asia-Pacific region, which accounts for around 56% of the global total. Further, about 90% of the forced labor are exploited in the private economy. However, most of the successful corporates along with the governments understand the need to combat this global menace through strong legislation. The chapter attempts to analyze the major legal provisions of the prevailing labor standards framework in India, along with the pertinent case laws.

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Priorities and New Areas for U.S. Economic Cooperation with the Asia-Pacific Region

Russia and America in the 21st Century ◽

10.18254/s207054760017052-4 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 0

Author(s):

Ksenia Chudinova

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Supply Chains ◽

The United States ◽

Economic Cooperation ◽

Asia Pacific ◽

Pacific Region ◽

Asia Pacific Region ◽

Key Issues ◽

Current Stage ◽

Rules And Standards

The article analyzes the first steps of the Biden administration to strengthen the resilience of American supply chains and expand interaction on key issues with allied economies in the Asia-Pacific region (APR). Critically important areas of cooperation were identified, and the agreements reached with partners at the current stage were analyzed. It is illustrated that the Biden administration is gradually forming around the United States an association of "techno-democratic" countries, in which the allied economies in the APR will play an important role. One of the most important goals of the alliance is to reduce dependence on supplies from China and reduce the influence of the PRC, potentially through the introduction of a new set of rules and standards.

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Channels of small-arms proliferation: Policy implications for Asia-Pacific

The Economics of Peace and Security Journal ◽

10.15355/epsj.3.1.79 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Stefanie Koorey ◽

Stefan Markowski ◽

Peter Hall ◽

Jurgen Brauer

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Supply Chains ◽

Structural Characteristics ◽

Structural Complexity ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Asia Pacific ◽

Small Arms ◽

South And Southeast Asia ◽

The Pacific ◽

Effective Policy

To develop effective policy to reduce the proliferation of illicit small arms in developing countries, it is necessary to have a good understanding of how these weapons are distributed and how illicit stockpiles are formed. This article captures structural characteristics of small-arms supply-chains and, in particular, stylizes the different mechanisms for funneling small arms to illicit users. The article draws on the experience of countries in South and Southeast Asia and of the Melanesian states of the Pacific. By focusing on the structural complexity of supply chains, the article highlights challenges that multichannel supply chains pose for governments in developing countries that seek to curb the flow of small arms into illicit stocks.

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Topical Issues of Sino-Australian Relations: Supply Chains Resilience and Australia’s Critical Infrastructure under China's Rule

South East Asia: Actual problems of Development ◽

10.31696/2072-8271-2021-1-1-50-207-219 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1(50)) ◽

pp. 207-219

Author(s):

Artyom A. Garin ◽

Keyword(s):

Natural Resources ◽

Supply Chains ◽

Critical Infrastructure ◽

Asia Pacific ◽

Trade Relations ◽

Material Capital

In the course of the development of trade and economic processes in the Asia Pacific, Sino-Australian ties had become increasingly close. Australia has benefited from cooperation with China: it has become one of the leading exporters of natural resources both regionally and globally and has also attracted human and material capital, which has accelerated the development of the Fifth Continent as one of the most popular destinations for tourism and education in the region. However, with the development of trade relations between Australia and China, there were growing concerns that the high export dependence and investment in the Fifth Continent's infrastructure from China bear the risks. In this paper, the author will focus on some topical issues of Sino-Australian relations in 2020 — the first half of 2021. In particular, the author will consider the trade diversification and the perception of the Australian authorities of investments in critical infrastructure from the PRC.

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