Editorial Comment: Improving Diagnostic Performance of MRCP in Pediatric Patients

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary-Louise C. Greer
Keyword(s):  
Editorial Comment ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Pediatric Patients

Diagnostic performance of ultrasound without any colon preparation for detecting colorectal polyps in pediatric patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 1306-1312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Hosokawa ◽  
Mayumi Hosokawa ◽  
Yutaka Tanami ◽  
Yumiko Sato ◽  
Ryosuke Nambu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Colorectal Polyps ◽  
Colon Preparation

Diagnostic performance of CT for pediatric patients with suspected appendicitis in various clinical settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 627-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Wook Kim ◽  
Hee Mang Yoon ◽  
Jeong-Yong Lee ◽  
Jung Heon Kim ◽  
Ah Young Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Suspected Appendicitis

scholarly journals Utility of N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide to Differentiate Cardiac Diseases from Noncardiac Diseases in Young Pediatric Patients

2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 1415-1419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelika Hammerer-Lercher ◽  
Ralf Geiger ◽  
Johannes Mair ◽  
Christoph Url ◽  
Gerald Tulzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Cardiac Diseases ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Usefulness

Abstract Background: Previous studies comparing children with cardiac disease with children with lung disease or healthy children indicated that natriuretic peptides are promising markers in pediatric patients. The aim of this study was to further clarify the diagnostic usefulness of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) measurements in a less preselected population of children younger than 3 years, a population in which clinical symptoms are frequently unspecific. Methods: NT-proBNP concentrations (Roche Diagnostics) were measured in sera of 142 pediatric patients (age range, 33–1070 days) presenting at the Gynaecologic and Pediatric Hospital (Linz, Austria) between January 2003 and January 2004. ROC curve analysis for the diagnostic performance of NT-proBNP, the Mann–Whitney U-test for group comparison, and linear regression analysis for influencing factors were performed. Results: NT-proBNP concentrations were significantly increased in infants with cardiac diseases [median (25th–75th percentile), 3681 (1045–13557) ng/L; n = 23] compared with infants with other diseases [241 (116–542) ng/L; n = 119], and ROC analysis revealed good performance for NT-proBNP in differentiating between infants with and without cardiac diseases [mean area under the curve (AUC) with 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.87 (0.76–0.94)]. A subgroup analysis of exactly age- and sex-matched infants was performed, which revealed results comparable to those for the whole study population [mean (95% CI) AUC, 0.84 (0.68–0.93)]. Conclusion: In a heterogeneous group of pediatric patients <3 years of age, NT-proBNP showed good diagnostic performance to distinguish between cardiac diseases and various noncardiac diseases.

scholarly journals Pre-HAART CD4+ T-Lymphocytes as Biomarkers of Post-HAART Immune Recovery in HIV-Infected Children with or without TB Co-Infection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Gopalakrishnan ◽  
Eliezer Bose ◽  
Usha Nair ◽  
Yuwei Cheng ◽  
Musie Ghebremichael
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Immune Recovery ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Recovery Times ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background Infection with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) dramatically increases the risk of developing active tuberculosis (TB). Several studies have indicated that co-infection with TB increases the risk of HIV progression and death. Sub-Saharan Africa bears the brunt of these dual epidemics, with about 2.4 million HIV-infected people living with TB. The main objective of our study was to assess whether the pre-HAART CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts and percentages could serve as biomarkers for post-HAART treatment immune-recovery in HIV-positive children with and without TB co-infection. Methods The data analyzed in this retrospective study were collected from a cohort of 305 HIV-infected children being treated with HAART. A Lehmann family of ROC curves were used to assess the diagnostic performance of pre- HAART treatment CD4+ T-lymphocyte count and percentage as biomarkers for post-HAART immune recovery. The Kaplan–Meier estimator was used to compare differences in post-HAART recovery times between patients with and without TB co-infection.Results We found that the diagnostic performance of both pre-HARRT treatment CD4+ T-lymphocyte count and percentage was comparable and achieved accuracies as high as 74%. Furthermore, the predictive capability of pre-HAART CD4+ T-lymphocyte count and percentage were slightly better in TB-negative patients. Our analyses also indicate that TB-negative patients have a shorter recovery time compared to the TB-positive patients. Conclusions Pre-HAART CD4+ T-lymphocyte count and percentage are stronger predictors of immune recovery in TB-negative pediatric patients, suggesting that TB co-infection complicates the treatment of HIV in this cohort. These findings suggest that the detection and treatment of TB is essential for the effectiveness of HAART in HIV-infected pediatric patients.

scholarly journals Pre-HAART CD4+ T-Lymphocytes as Biomarkers of Post-HAART Immune Recovery in HIV-TB Co-Infected Children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Gopalakrishnan ◽  
Eliezer Bose ◽  
Usha Nair ◽  
Yuwei Cheng ◽  
Musie Ghebremichael
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Immune Recovery ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Recovery Times ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background Infection with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) dramatically increases the risk of developing active tuberculosis (TB). Several studies have indicated that co-infection with TB increases the risk of HIV progression and death. Sub-Saharan Africa bears the brunt of these dual epidemics, with about 2.4 million HIV-infected people living with TB. The main objective of our study was to assess whether the pre-HAART CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts and percentages could serve as biomarkers for post-HAART treatment immune-recovery in HIV-positive children with and without TB co-infection. Methods The data analyzed in this retrospective study were collected from a cohort of 305 HIV-infected children being treated with HAART. A Lehmann family of ROC curves were used to assess the diagnostic performance of pre- HAART treatment CD4+ T-lymphocyte count and percentage as biomarkers for post-HAART immune recovery. The Kaplan–Meier estimator was used to compare differences in post-HAART recovery times between patients with and without TB co-infection.Results We found that the diagnostic performance of both pre-HARRT treatment CD4+ T-lymphocyte count and percentage was comparable and achieved accuracies as high as 74%. Furthermore, the predictive capability of pre-HAART CD4+ T-lymphocyte count and percentage were slightly better in TB-negative patients. Our analyses also indicate that TB-negative patients have a shorter recovery time compared to the TB-positive patients. Conclusions Pre-HAART CD4+ T-lymphocyte count and percentage are stronger predictors of immune recovery in TB-negative pediatric patients, suggesting that TB co-infection complicates the treatment of HIV in this cohort. These findings suggest that the detection and treatment of TB is essential for the effectiveness of HAART in HIV-infected pediatric patients.

scholarly journals Pre-HAART CD4+ T-lymphocytes as biomarkers of post-HAART immune recovery in HIV-infected children with or without TB co-infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Gopalakrishnan ◽  
Eliezer Bose ◽  
Usha Nair ◽  
Yuwei Cheng ◽  
Musie Ghebremichael
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Immune Recovery ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Recovery Times ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background Infection with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) dramatically increases the risk of developing active tuberculosis (TB). Several studies have indicated that co-infection with TB increases the risk of HIV progression and death. Sub-Saharan Africa bears the brunt of these dual epidemics, with about 2.4 million HIV-infected people living with TB. The main objective of our study was to assess whether the pre-HAART CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts and percentages could serve as biomarkers for post-HAART treatment immune-recovery in HIV-positive children with and without TB co-infection. Methods The data analyzed in this retrospective study were collected from a cohort of 305 HIV-infected children being treated with HAART. A Lehmann family of ROC curves were used to assess the diagnostic performance of pre- HAART treatment CD4+ T-lymphocyte count and percentage as biomarkers for post-HAART immune recovery. The Kaplan–Meier estimator was used to compare differences in post-HAART recovery times between patients with and without TB co-infection. Results We found that the diagnostic performance of both pre-HARRT treatment CD4+ T-lymphocyte count and percentage was comparable and achieved accuracies as high as 74%. Furthermore, the predictive capability of pre-HAART CD4+ T-lymphocyte count and percentage were slightly better in TB-negative patients. Our analyses also indicate that TB-negative patients have a shorter recovery time compared to the TB-positive patients. Conclusions Pre-HAART CD4+ T-lymphocyte count and percentage are stronger predictors of immune recovery in TB-negative pediatric patients, suggesting that TB co-infection complicates the treatment of HIV in this cohort. These findings suggest that the detection and treatment of TB is essential for the effectiveness of HAART in HIV-infected pediatric patients.

scholarly journals Exploring the Performance of Ultrasound Risk Stratification Systems in Thyroid Nodules of Pediatric Patients

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5304
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Scappaticcio ◽  
Maria Ida Maiorino ◽  
Sergio Iorio ◽  
Giovanni Docimo ◽  
Miriam Longo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Cancer Genetic ◽  
Neck Ultrasound ◽  
Indeterminate Nodules ◽  
History Of ◽  
Final Histological Diagnosis

Neck ultrasound (nUS) is the cornerstone of clinical management of thyroid nodules in pediatric patients, as well as adults. The current study was carried out to explore and compare the diagnostic performance of the main US-based risk stratification systems (RSSs) (i.e., the American College of Radiology (ACR), European (EU), Korean (K) TI-RADSs and ATA US RSS criteria) for detecting malignant thyroid lesions in pediatric patients. We conducted a retrospective analysis of consecutive children and adolescents who received a diagnosis of thyroid nodule. We included subjects with age <19 years having thyroid nodules with benign cytology/histology or final histological diagnosis. We excluded subjects with (a) a previous malignancy, (b) a history of radiation exposure, (c) cancer genetic susceptibility syndromes, (d) lymph nodes suspicious for metastases of thyroid cancer at nUS, (e) a family history of thyroid cancer, or (f) cytologically indeterminate nodules without histology and nodules with inadequate cytology. We included 41 nodules in 36 patients with median age 15 years (11–17 years). Of the 41 thyroid nodules, 29 (70.7%) were benign and 12 (29.3%) were malignant. For both ACR TI-RADS and EU-TIRADS, we found a sensitivity of 41.7%. Instead, for both K-TIRADS and ATA US RSS, we found a sensitivity of 50%. The missed malignancy rate for ACR-TIRADS and EU-TIRADS was 58.3%, while that for K-TIRADS and ATA US RSS was 50%. The unnecessary FNA prevalence for ACR TI-RADS and EU-TIRADS was 58.3%, while that for K-TIRADS and ATA US RSS was 76%. Our findings suggest that the four US-based RSSs (i.e., ACR-TIRADS, EU-TIRADS, K-TIRADS, and ATA US RSS) have suboptimal performance in managing pediatric patients with thyroid nodules, with one-half of cancers without indication for FNA according to their recommendations.

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