Public Administration In Ancient China: The Practice and Thought

Public Voices ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Vatche Gahrielian
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
Civil Service ◽  
Early History ◽  
Military Strategy ◽  
Public Administrators ◽  
Ancient China ◽  
Sun Tzu ◽  
History Of

Modem public administrators can gain useful insights by studying centuries old administrative phenomena and philosophical teachings. This essay discusses the development of Chinese civil service and the important role it played during the early history of Chinese civilization. Approaches to public administration and governance in three important streams of political thought of ancient China-Taoism, Confucianism and Legalism - are explored, as well as similar ideas in Sun Tzu' s classic treatise on military strategy.

Trying to Professionalize Expert Knowledge (Part I): The Short Life of the Municipal Administration Service, 1926-1933

Public Voices ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mordecai Lee
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Early History ◽  
Short Life ◽  
Organizational History ◽  
Municipal Administration ◽  
History Of ◽  
Wide Dissemination

One of the building blocks of the professionalization of American public administration was the recognition of the need for expert knowledge and the wide dissemination of that information to practitioners. Municipal civil servants could adopt and adapt these best practices in their localities. Such was the purpose of the Municipal Administration Service (1926-1933), initially founded by the National Municipal League and funded by the Rockefeller philanthropies. This article is an organizational history of the Service. It presents the life cycle of the agency, including its operations, funding, problems, and the behind-the-scenes public administration politics which led to its demise. In all, the Municipal Administration Service captures the early history of American public administration, its attempt to demonstrate that it was a full-fledged profession with recognized experts and managerial advice that ultimately proved unable to perpetuate itself.

scholarly journals Civil Service, HR Potential, and Open Innovation

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Polyakova
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Civil Service ◽  
Civil Servant ◽  
Panel Regression ◽  
Public Administrators ◽  
Hard Skills ◽  
Service Staff

Countries strive to upgrade their civil service quality in many directions, thus responding to major contemporary challenges and following the trends of open innovation. The 2030 civil servant will require a wide set of soft and hard skills that are not common among the today’s public administrators but are attributable to young people. The following questions then arise: Will the demand for qualified civil servants be reduced because of optimization of public administration processes? How significant is the demand for young people by the civil service? Is civil service attractive as a vector of career development among young people? The research objective is to provide quantity estimates of the Russian civil service’s hiring potential and to match that potential with young people’s attitude towards public administration employment. Using the panel regression, regions that can expand the civil service staff were identified and the necessary preconditions and policies to take use of this potential were indicated. The main conclusion is that governments should maintain incentives to join the civil service and improve the image of civil service among the youth to make it an attractive employer.

scholarly journals Akar Tradisi Politik Sunni di Indonesia Pada Masa Kerajaan Islam di Nusantara

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Muhammad Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Political Thought ◽  
Religion And Politics ◽  
Early History ◽  
The Political ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sunni Islam ◽  
Two Sides

This research is interested in exploring the seeds of the Sunni political thought during the era of Islamic kingdom in Indonesia. Many have argued that the Islam that has finally prevailed in the country is a Sunni Islam. Accepting this proposition would mean that the political ideals that the early Muslim kings in the land adopted are necessarily Sunni. The forms and contents of these ideals will be the task of this paper to discover. The paper however argues that whatever form the ideals have taken, the Indonesian version of Sunni politics has most likely been developed around power. In other words, the ulama and the princes are two sides of the same coin. While the ulama need the support of the princes to disseminate the Sunni doctrine, the later needs the support of the former for the legitimacy of his authority. The paper hence maintains that there has been no any form of separation between religion and politics in the early history of Indonesian Islam.

Administrative Leadership and Social Change

Public Voices ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Larry Luton
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Organizational Structure ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Administrative Leadership ◽  
John Wesley ◽  
Aldo Leopold ◽  
Public Administrators ◽  
History Of ◽  
John Wesley Powell ◽  
Gifford Pinchot

Although the history of public administration has not received the attention it deserves, leadership is a topic that bas enjoyed periodic bursts of attention among those who are concerned with issues related to governance, management, and adminis­tration. Most often these treatments of leadership focus on leadership within an organizational structure, within a corpo­ration or a bureaucracy. This article adds to the literature on administrative leadership by examining examples of the lead­ership of public administrators in a larger context, in social movements. Public administrators focused on in this article include: John Wesley Powell, Gifford Pinchot, Aldo Leopold.

scholarly journals SISTEM PEMERINTAHAN ISLAM MENURUT AL-MAWARDI DAN APLIKASINYA DI INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-283
Author(s):  
Rahmawati Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
Early History ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Social Contracts ◽  
Political Reality ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Modern Era

This paper examines the system of Islamic government according to al-Mawardi and its application in Indonesia. The first study focused on the early history of government in the history of Islamic politics since the Prophet built the State of Medina until it developed until the Abbasid dynasty. Al-Mawardi, who lived in the Middle Ages when the political situation at that time was very unstable and led to the decline of the Abbasid dynasty, gave birth to a concept of a government system based on the political reality of his day. Imam al-Mawardi's political thinking was then poured in the work of al-Ahkam al-Sulthaniyyah and became a basic concept for the development of political thought and its application in the modern era including in Indonesia. In Indonesia, the application of al-Mawardi's theory of social contracts explains the relationship between ahl al-halli wal aqdi and ahl Imamah. This concept was then embodied and developed in the system of governance in Indonesia into 3 boards, namely: legislative institutions, executive institutions, and judicial institutions.

Some early history of replica techniques for electron microscopy

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1076-1077
Author(s):  
Robert M. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Early History ◽  
Bulk Materials ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Reflected Light ◽  
History Of ◽  
Electron Microscopes

By 1940, a half dozen or so commercial or home-built transmission electron microscopes were in use for studies of the ultrastructure of matter. These operated at 30-60 kV and most pioneering microscopists were preoccupied with their search for electron transparent substrates to support dispersions of particulates or bacteria for TEM examination and did not contemplate studies of bulk materials. Metallurgist H. Mahl and other physical scientists, accustomed to examining etched, deformed or machined specimens by reflected light in the optical microscope, were also highly motivated to capitalize on the superior resolution of the electron microscope. Mahl originated several methods of preparing thin oxide or lacquer impressions of surfaces that were transparent in his 50 kV TEM. The utility of replication was recognized immediately and many variations on the theme, including two-step negative-positive replicas, soon appeared. Intense development of replica techniques slowed after 1955 but important advances still occur. The availability of 100 kV instruments, advent of thin film methods for metals and ceramics and microtoming of thin sections for biological specimens largely eliminated any need to resort to replicas.

The early history of tuberous sclerosis

1979 ◽  
Vol 115 (11) ◽  
pp. 1317-1319 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Tuberous Sclerosis ◽  
Early History ◽  
History Of
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