scholarly journals REVIEW: PRODUKTIVITAS AIR DALAM PENGELOLAAN SUMBER DAYA AIR PERTANIAN DI INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farida Farida ◽  
Dasrizal Dasrizal ◽  
Trina Febriani
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
General View ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Agricultural Water Resources

Sumber daya air memiliki peran yang besar bagi sektor pertanian. Air sebagai renewable resources digunakan untuk memenuhi produksi pertanian. Peningkatan produktivitas air pertanian memiliki peran yang penting dalam menghadapi kelangkaan dan kopetisi penggunaan sumber daya air, pencegahan terhadap kerusakan lingkungan dan ketahanan pangan. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana kuantitas dan produktivitas sumber daya air pertanian di Indonesia secara umum. Berdasarkan data luas pertanian Indonesia tahun 2009-2013, luas sawah irigasi di Indonesia mencapai 4,81 juta Ha setara dengan laju peningkatan 9%. Apabila sawah irigasi ini dibandingkan dengan luas baku irigasi sebesar 12.335.832 Ha, maka persentase sawah irigasi hanya sekitar 38%, kondisi ini menggambarkan bahwa pemanfaatan air irigasi masih relatif rendah. Dilihat dari hasil data ketersedian air yang ada di 7 pulau-pulau besar yang ada di Indonesia Pulau Jawa mengalami permasalahan paling tinggi  dimana terlihat dari tingginya tingkat kebutuhan air tidak sebanding dengan ketersediaan air yang ada, sehingga akan berdampak kepada ketahanan pangan dan juga kondisi kesejahteraan masyarakat khususnya petani, dengan hal tersebut ada strategi dalam  dalam upaya peningkatan  penyediaan air dan produktivitas air yaitu dengan cara konservasi ekosistem hidrologis daerah aliran sungai (DAS), peningkatan efisiensi pemanfaatan air pertanian, redistribusi aset infrastruktur irigasi dengan mekanisme pendanaan dan insentif yang sesuai serta adanya harmonisasi antar sektor dan wilayahsetempat dalam pengelolaan sumber daya air pertanian.Water resources have a large role for the agricultural sector. Water as renewable resources is used to fulfill agricultural production. Increasing productivity of agricultural water has an important role in dealing with scarcity and competition in the use of water resources, prevention of environmental damage and food security. This paper aims to have a general view of quantity of agricultural water resources in Indonesia. Based on data on Indonesia's agricultural area in the year 2009-2013, irrigated paddy fields in Indonesia reached 4.81 million Ha, equivalent to the rate of 9% increase. If this irrigated rice field is compared to the irrigated raw area of 12,335,832 Ha, then the percentage of irrigated paddy fields is only around 38%, this condition illustrates that the utilization of irrigation water is still relatively low. Judging from the results of water availability data in 7 major islands in Indonesia that Java Island experiences the highest problems, which can be seen from the high level of water demand that is not proportional to the availability of water, so that it will affect food security and the condition of community welfare especially farmers, with this in mind there is an inner strategy in an effort to increase water supply and water productivity, namely by conserving watershed hydrological ecosystems , increasing efficiency of agricultural water utilization, redistributing irrigation infrastructure assets with appropriate funding mechanisms and incentives and harmonizing between sectors and regions in the management of agricultural water resources.

Water-Saving Irrigation and Food Security in China

2013 ◽  
Vol 438-439 ◽  
pp. 1441-1445
Author(s):  
Xiao Fei Liu ◽  
Jian Xin Xu ◽  
Jing Sheng Sun ◽  
Liang Jun Fei ◽  
Ji Yang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Security Issue ◽  
Rational Development ◽  
Pressure Water ◽  
Agricultural Water Resources ◽  
Grain Security

With the growth of population, shortage of water resources, natural disasters, climate change, serious shortage of land resources and the development of urbanization and industrialization and impacts of other unfavorable factors, China's grain security issue has become a focus of public concern. Through the Chinese population quantity analysis and forecast of 2020 and 2030 the total demand of grain, comparison between total demand and current level of food production, China's grain problem is facing tremendous pressure. Water conservancy is the lifeline of agriculture and irrigation has great potential for grain production guarantee. Results for food safety in China made the following responses: First, the rational use of water resources, improve the efficiency of irrigation and grain yield per unit area. Second, multiple sectors such as agriculture, meteorology, soil, make a good combination of multiple disciplines for food security. Third, increase the peasants' production enthusiasm. Last, scientific and technological progress is the guarantee of grain production. In General, the issue of food security is national security, social stability, a top priority. The combination of our country's water resources crisis, limited rational development of agricultural water resources, improve the efficiency of irrigation, which will provide a guarantee for China agricultural water crisis, alleviating the shortage of water resources and increasing food safety assurance.

scholarly journals Agricultural Water Productivity Oriented Water Resources Allocation Based on the Coordination of Multiple Factors

Water ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianming Zhao ◽  
Mo Li ◽  
Ping Guo ◽  
Chenglong Zhang ◽  
Qian Tan
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Allocation ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Resources Allocation ◽  
Water Resources Allocation ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Agricultural Water Resources

Agricultural water productivity (AWP), which is associated with multiple factors, is an important index for measuring the effectiveness of agricultural water management. The purpose of this study is to promote AWP through optimally allocating limited agricultural water resources with the coordination of related elements. Firstly, the coordination effects of multiple factors related to AWP are quantified as relative optimum membership degrees based on the fuzzy optimum selecting theory. Secondly, based on the relative optimum membership degrees for various crops, a linear fractional programming model is established to maximize AWP in agricultural water resources allocation. Thirdly, the impacts of the allocation schemes on the development of social-economy and ecological environment are discussed using the multi-dimensional regulation theory. The developed integrated system has advantages in increasing agricultural water productivity through the coordination of multiple factors with aspects of economy, society and resources. Moreover, the system is capable of screening schemes considering harmonious development of resources, economy, society and ecology based on optimization results, providing decision makers with more sustainable schemes for irrigation water allocation. The integrated system including the aforementioned three parts is applied to a real-world case study in China to demonstrate its feasibility and applicability. Different water allocation schemes for various crops under different scenarios were obtained. The average value of AWP is 1.85 kg/m3, which is 0.31 kg/m3 higher than the current value of AWP. An optimum scheme with 1.1405 × 108 m3 of water being allocated was also selected due to its highest level of coordination for resources, economy, society and ecology. The developed system can provide an effective method for AWP promotion. The obtained results can help local decision makers adjust water resources allocation schemes.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Water-Storage and Water-Saving Potential for Paddy Fields in Gaoyou, China

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuanjuan Wang ◽  
Shaoli Wang ◽  
Haorui Chen ◽  
Jiandong Wang ◽  
Yuan Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern China ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Average Water ◽  
Agricultural Water Resources ◽  
Water Fee

In China, the stress on agricultural water resources is becoming increasingly severe. In response, a range of water-saving irrigation (WSI) policies and practices have been promoted to improve irrigation efficiency. In this study, a water-balance model in paddy fields was calibrated and validated using a 2-year field experimental dataset collected from an irrigated area in Gaoyou, China, in 2014–2015. The model was used to assess the effects of WSI practices and provides options for implementing water-price reforms. Results show that paddy fields effectively retain rainfall with utilization rates greater than 70% for both shallow wet irrigation (SWI) and shallow humidity-regulated irrigation (SHRI) scenarios. The estimated average water-saving rates from 1960 to 2015 using SWI and SHRI are 33.7% and 43%, respectively, which represent considerable reductions in water consumption. The benefits of WSI practices combined with water management policies are also evident. For example, conversion of irrigation water to industrial water yields a 3-year average water fee of 205.2 yuan/ha using SWI and 20.6 yuan/ha using SHRI, considerably reducing farmers’ financial burden for agricultural water supplies. In conclusion, we recommend the adoption of SWI and SHRI practices in southern China as a means of partially alleviating China’s water-shortage problem.

The Connotation and Extension of Agricultural Water Resources Security

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bu-chun LIU ◽  
Xu-rong MEI ◽  
Yu-zhong LI ◽  
You-lu YANG
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Agricultural Water Resources
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