Identify major cropping pattern followed by farmers in different soil types of Rajnandgaon district

Research was performed on the friction, wear and efficiency of plastic gears made of modern engineering polymers and their composites both in a clean environment (adhesive sliding surfaces) and in an environment contaminated with solid particles and dust (abrasive), with no lubrication at all. The purpose is to give a general view about the results of abrasive wear tests including seven soil types as abrasive media. At the first stage of the research silicious sand was applied between the meshing gears and the wear of plastic and steel gears was evaluated and analyzed from the point of different material properties (elongation at break, hardness, yield stress, modulus of elasticity) and its combinations. The different correlations between the experienced wear and material features are also introduced. At the second stage of the project the abrasive sand was replaced with different physical soil types. The abrasive wear of gears is plotted in the function of soil types. The results highlight on the considerable role of physical soil types on abrasive wear resistance and the conclusions contain the detailed wear resistance. The results offer a new tribology database for the operation and maintenance of agricultural machines with the opportunity of a better material selection according to the dominant soil type. This can finally result longer lifetime and higher reliability of wearing plastic/steel parts.

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Effects of heavy metals on soil invertase enzyme activity in different soil types

Land Contamination & Reclamation ◽

10.2462/09670513.941 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 175-180

Author(s):

Rajesh K. Verma ◽

Dharam Veer Yadav ◽

Chandra Pal Singh ◽

Archna Suman ◽

Asha Gaur

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Enzyme Activity ◽

Soil Types

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APPLICATION OF CRISP AND FUZZY GOAL PROGRAMMING MODELS FOR OPTIMIZATION OF CROPPING PATTERN IN HARAZ SUB-BASIN IN IRAN

FUZZY ECONOMIC REVIEW ◽

10.25102/fer.2005.02.02 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 10 (02) ◽

Author(s):

H. Asadpour ◽

S. Khalilian ◽

Gh.R. Peykani

Keyword(s):

Goal Programming ◽

Fuzzy Goal Programming ◽

Programming Models ◽

Cropping Pattern ◽

Fuzzy Goal

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Impact of Optimal Cropping Patterns on Incomes in a Punjab District

The Pakistan Development Review ◽

10.30541/v15i2pp.218-221 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 218-221

Author(s):

M. Arshad Chaudhry

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Linear Programming ◽

Short Note ◽

Cropping Pattern ◽

Small Farms ◽

Cropping Patterns ◽

Punjab Province ◽

Optimal Cropping

To improve farm incomes in developing countries, the foremost question that the farmer must address himself to is: what cropping pattern best uses the fixed resources in order to get the highest returns? During the last decade, the agricultural economists have shown great interest in applying the tools of linear programming to individual farms. Most of the studies conducted elsewhere have shown that, under existing cropping pattern, farm resources were not being utilized optimally on the small farms.[l, 4]. We conducted a survey in the canal-irrigated areas of the Punjab province of Pakistan1 to investigate into the same problem. This short note aims at identifying the opti¬mal cropping pattern and to estimate the increase in farm incomes as a result of a switch towards it on the sampled farms.

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Status of Food Security in Banten Province, Indonesia

10.31227/osf.io/fcvpm ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Weksi Budiaji

Keyword(s):

Population Dynamics ◽

Food Security ◽

Arable Land ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Disaster Risk ◽

Soil Types ◽

Indicator Variables ◽

Cereal Production ◽

The Status ◽

Vast Area

This paper discusses the status of food security in Banten Province, Indonesia based on regional and city characteristics. Secondary data is used and is analyzed descriptively covering population dynamics, the population living in poverty, cereal production, disaster risk and soil types. Tangerang Region is found to have the largest population with the greatest number of people living in poverty among the regions and cities in Banten Province. Cereal production is dominated by the regions rather than the cities due to their vast area. Regarding arable land, flooding is the most threatening disaster in the major rice producing areas. In order to identify the distributions of regions and cities regarding food security, three indicator variables of food security dimensions are plotted, namely, cereal normative consumption, proportion of the population living in poverty, and proportion of malnourished babies. The three regions of Pandeglang Region, Lebak Region and Serang Region are grouped together in a less secure group.

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Structural Transformation of Punjab Agriculture and its Environmental Implications

Indian Journal of Economics and Development ◽

10.35716/ijed/20036 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 533-546

Keyword(s):

Structural Transformation ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Green Revolution ◽

Agricultural Practices ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Cropping Pattern ◽

Environmental Implications ◽

Question Mark ◽

Sustainability Issue ◽

Economic Survey

As per Economic Survey of Punjab, (2019-20), Punjab alone contributed more than 1/4 and 1/3 of the central pool of rice and th rd wheat respectively in 2018-19 and accordingly named as bread-basket of India. However, such a huge contribution was due to the structural transformation of agriculture in Punjab under the Green Revolution. Such transformation leads to intensive use of natural resources with mono-culture of wheat-paddy till today, which put a big question mark on the sustainability issue of agriculture in Punjab. The present study was exclusively based on secondary data, covering the period of 1965-66 to 2018-2019, almost 55 years. Hirschman Herfindhal index and Simpson Diversity index were used to determine the extent of concentration and diversification in the cropping pattern of Punjab agriculture. The results highlight the facts that level of diversification was declining and the level of concentration was increasing. Moreover, Compound Growth Rate (CGR) of yield was either stagnating or declining over the years. Not only this, based on the index of agriculture production, the trend values were negative since the 21 century. Accordingly, st intensive agricultural practices should be stopped, and diversification should get priority in such a way that food security is not jeopardized.

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