Perangkat serologi untuk deteksi dini infeksi Ganoderma sp. pada kelapa sawit Serological device kit for early detection of Ganoderma sp. infection in oil palm

AbstractBasal stem rot caused by Ganoderma sp. is the most destructive disease in oil palm that difficult to control because its early symptom could not be detected easily. Serological technique that could detect early Ganoderma sp. infection in quick, simple, and cheap manner should be developed as one component for integrated disease management. A diagnostic device based on dot immunobinding assay (DIBA) for early detection of Ganoderma sp. infection in oil palm had been observed at laboratory, greenhouse and field experiment. Study result revealed that serological technique could detect antigen protein extract of Ganoderma mycelium as much as 138 µg/mL. Basal stem of young seedling that artificially be inoculated by the pathogen could also be clearly detected. At field experiment, Ganoderma sp. infection in oil palm plantation was marked with colour marking based on its infection stadium level to the palm oil. The colours are green, yellow, red, black, and white stating that the plant are healthy, mild infection, heavy infection, very heavy infection, and dead, respectively. Field experiment result showed that serological device kit gave strong reaction to antigen extracted from root and stem at red marking plant. The antigen extracted from healthy plant (green marking plant) was the weak one indicating that the plant is starting to be infected although the symptoms are not yet visually observed. AbstrakBusuk pangkal batang (BPB) yang disebabkan oleh Ganoderma sp. merupakan penyakit paling penting yang sulit ditanggulangi pada tanaman kelapa sawit karena gejala dini serangan sulit diketahui. Teknik serologi yang mampu mendeteksi dini infeksi Ganoderma sp. secara cepat, sederhana dan murah perlu dikembangkan sebagai salah satu komponen dalam pengelolaan penyakit secara terpadu. Teknik serologi dalam bentuk perangkat diagnostik berbasis dot immunobinding assay (DIBA) telah dirakit untuk mendeteksi infeksi Ganoderma sp. pada skala laboratorium, rumah kaca, dan lapang. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa perangkat diagnostik tersebut dapat mendeteksi ekstrak protein dari miselium Ganoderma sp sebesar 138 µg/mL. Keberadaan patogen pada bibit kelapa sawit yang diinfeksi buatan dapat dideteksi secara jelas dengan perangkat serologi tersebut. Deteksi tingkat infeksi Ganoderma sp. pada kebun kelapa sawit TM (skala lapang) dilakukan dengan mengambil sampel berdasarkan stadium infeksi (sehat, ringan, berat, sangat berat, mati) yang diberi kriteria warna hijau, kuning, merah, hitam, dan putih. Hasil uji di kebun kelapa sawit menunjukkan bahwa teknik serologi ini memberikan reaksi paling kuat terhadap antigen yang diekstraksi dari akar dan batang tanaman kriteria merah. Sedangkan reaksi paling lemah ditunjukkan oleh antigen yang diekstraksi dari tanaman kelapa sawit kode hijau yang mengindikasikan bahwa tanaman tanaman kelapa sawit di lapangan tersebut mulai terserang walaupun gejala penyakit belum terlihat secara visual.

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Preliminary evaluation of acoustic sensors for early detection of red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus incidence on oil palm and coconut in Malaysia

International Journal of Tropical Insect Science ◽

10.1007/s42690-021-00499-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nur Ain Farhah Ros Saidon Khudri ◽

Mohamed Mazmira Mohd Masri ◽

Mohd Shawal Thakib Maidin ◽

Noorhazwani Kamarudin ◽

Mohamad Haris Hussain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Early Detection ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Preliminary Evaluation ◽

Rhynchophorus Ferrugineus ◽

Acoustic Sensors ◽

Red Palm Weevil ◽

Palm Weevil

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Early Detection Of Prostate Cancer Among Black And White In San Bernardino

Californian Journal of Health Promotion ◽

10.32398/cjhp.v1i3.2111 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 149-155

Author(s):

Naomi N. Modeste ◽

Curtis Fox ◽

Malcolm Cort

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Early Detection ◽

Prostate Cancer Screening ◽

White Men ◽

Culturally Appropriate ◽

Screening Practices ◽

Black And White ◽

San Bernardino ◽

Detect Prostate Cancer ◽

Structured Questionnaire

The purpose of this study was to identify attitudes toward prostate cancer, screening practices and deterrents to early detection and treatment among Black and White men 40 years and older residing in San Bernardino and Riverside, California. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire developed and pre-tested among similar participants in the study. Two hundred and fourteen men participated in the study, of which 75% were Black and 25% White. The majority (53%) was between the ages of 40-50 years, and 74% were married. The study found that there was very little difference in socioeconomic status between Whites and Blacks. Most (34%) had a college degree, but more Whites (92%) had a personal family physician than Blacks (77%), and slightly more Whites (62%) than Blacks (57%) said that prostate screening was done regularly. Findings from this study should aid in the design and development of culturally appropriate programs that will detect prostate cancer in this population at an earlier stage when treatment is more successful.

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Advances in the Interpretation of Tomographic Images as an Early Detection Method of Oil Palm Affected by Basal Stem Rot in Colombia

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-12-15-1473-re ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 100 (8) ◽

pp. 1559-1563 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

M. Arango ◽

G. Martínez ◽

G. Torres

Keyword(s):

Early Detection ◽

Electrical Impedance Tomography ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Electrical Impedance ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Stem Rot ◽

Internal Damage ◽

Impedance Tomography ◽

Basal Stem Rot ◽

Palm Trees

Basal stem rot, one of the most important diseases of oil palm in Southeast Asia, has also been identified in Colombia. The increase in disease incidence in the last decade has attracted the attention of producers and researchers. In the search for a procedure that allows for the early identification of diseased palm, Cenipalma evaluated the use of electrical impedance tomography to identify the different stages of development of basal stem rot. The tomograms were compared with transversal sections of healthy and diseased oil palm trees. Following Cenipalma’s preliminary studies on early diagnosis of basal stem rot with tomography, the present study improved upon the technique by analyzing the tomograms of 209 diseased palm trees (confirmed by symptomatology), 346 asymptomatic palm trees, and 132 healthy palm trees. The minimum and maximum electric impedance values as well as the ratio between these values was recorded. The range of 1 to 95 Ω was used to represent the internal damage. The ratios averaged 5.1 for diseased, 1.9 for asymptomatic, and 1.5 for healthy palm trees. With the range and the ratio criteria established, it was possible to identify the disease in 100% of asymptomatic sampled palm trees. This study demonstrated that electrical impedance tomography is a powerful tool for early detection of basal stem rot, which can be used to establish an early disease management program.

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Early detection of somaclonal variation in oil palm callus culture through cytological and SDS-PAGE protein analysis

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/293/1/012005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 293 ◽

pp. 012005

Author(s):

A Sahara ◽

Reflini ◽

C Utomo ◽

T Liwang

Keyword(s):

Early Detection ◽

Somaclonal Variation ◽

Callus Culture ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Protein Analysis ◽

Sds Page

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The importance of early symptom recognition in the context of early detection and cancer survival

European Journal of Cancer ◽

10.1016/j.ejca.2009.08.009 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 45 (16) ◽

pp. 2743-2748 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

J.J. Ott ◽

A. Ullrich ◽

A.B. Miller

Keyword(s):

Early Detection ◽

Cancer Survival ◽

Early Symptom ◽

Symptom Recognition

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Electronic nose for early detection of basal stem rot caused by Ganoderma in oil palm

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/468/1/012029 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 468 ◽

pp. 012029

Author(s):

I Kresnawaty ◽

A S Mulyatni ◽

D D Eris ◽

H T Prakoso ◽

Tri-Panji ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Early Detection ◽

Electronic Nose ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Stem Rot ◽

Basal Stem Rot

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Identification of Excretory Secretory (ES) Liquid Antigen Protein Fasciola gigantica with Polyethilen Glycol (PEG) Separation

Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology ◽

10.22146/ijbiotech.27017 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 125

Author(s):

Yendri Junaidi ◽

Ima Malawati ◽

Made Sriasih

Keyword(s):

Early Detection ◽

Early Diagnosis ◽

Western Blotting ◽

Vaccine Candidate ◽

Detection Method ◽

Fasciola Gigantica ◽

Molecular Weights ◽

Antigen Protein ◽

Secretory Products ◽

Current Detection

Fasciola gigantica diagnosis usually performed by detection of worm eggs presence in the feces,but this conventional method has many disadvantages. Early diagnosis (early detection) cannot be performed in conventional methods because the worms in the host's body began to lay eggs at the age of 8–12 weeks of patency. The current detection method that is based on antibodyantigen reactions using excreted/secreted (ES) liquid by adult F. gigantica, is believed to be used for the early detection of fasciolosis. This study aimed to characterize the antigenic components of F. gigantica extretory/secretory products that could be used as a vaccine candidate development for early fasciolosis diagnostics. ES products were separated by PEG4000 at various concentrations (8%, 16%, 24%), then precipitates (pellets) obtained were dialyzed and characterized using SDSPAGE and Western blotting. Results from SDSPAGE showed that there were 18 proteins bands with 7–70 kDa molecular weights. Western blotting on pellets derived from PEG separation at various concentrations affirmed that the proteins of 50, 25 and 20 kDa were antigenic at 8% PEG concentration, the 25 kDa and 50 kDa were antigenic at 16% PEG concentrations and the 25 kDa was antigenic at 25% PEG concentration

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Early Detection Of Prostate Cancer Among Black And White In San Bernardino

Californian Journal of Health Promotion ◽

10.32398/cjhp.v1i3.525 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 149-155 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Naomi N. Modeste ◽

Curtis Fox ◽

Malcolm Cort

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Early Detection ◽

Prostate Cancer Screening ◽

White Men ◽

Culturally Appropriate ◽

Screening Practices ◽

Black And White ◽

San Bernardino ◽

Detect Prostate Cancer ◽

Structured Questionnaire

The purpose of this study was to identify attitudes toward prostate cancer, screening practices and deterrents to early detection and treatment among Black and White men 40 years and older residing in San Bernardino and Riverside, California. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire developed and pre-tested among similar participants in the study. Two hundred and fourteen men participated in the study, of which 75% were Black and 25% White. The majority (53%) was between the ages of 40-50 years, and 74% were married. The study found that there was very little difference in socioeconomic status between Whites and Blacks. Most (34%) had a college degree, but more Whites (92%) had a personal family physician than Blacks (77%), and slightly more Whites (62%) than Blacks (57%) said that prostate screening was done regularly. Findings from this study should aid in the design and development of culturally appropriate programs that will detect prostate cancer in this population at an earlier stage when treatment is more successful.

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