The importance of early symptom recognition in the context of early detection and cancer survival

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (16) ◽  
pp. 2743-2748 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J. Ott ◽  
A. Ullrich ◽  
A.B. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Early Symptom ◽  
Symptom Recognition

The Contributions of Improved Therapy and Earlier Detection to Cancer Survival Gains, 1988-2000

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Sun ◽  
Anupam B Jena ◽  
Darius Lakdawalla ◽  
Carolina Reyes ◽  
Tomas J Philipson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Conditional Survival

Prior literature has documented improvements in cancer survival over time. However, ambiguity remains over the relative contributions of improved treatment and earlier detection to survival gains. Using registry data, we developed a novel framework to estimate the relative contributions of advances in treatment and detection. Our approach compares changes in the probability of early detection, which we interpret as the effects of advances in detection, to improvements in stage-conditional survival, which we interpret as the effects of treatment. We applied this methodology using SEER data to estimate probabilities of early detection and stage-conditional survival curves for several cancers, by race, between 1988 and 2000. Survival increased for all of the cancers we examined, with blacks experiencing larger survival gains than whites for all cancers combined. Our baseline analysis found that treatment advances account for the vast majority of survival gains for all the cancers examined: breast cancer (83%), lung cancer (85%), colorectal cancer (76%), pancreatic cancer (100%), and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (96%). Compared to whites, treatments appear to explain a lower percentage of survival gains for blacks for all cancers combined; breast cancer, NHL, and pancreatic cancer show a higher percentage of survival gains than lung cancer; and roughly the same percentage for the colorectal cancer. These results are robust to sensitivity analyses examining potential length and lead time bias. Overall, our results suggest that while improved treatment and early detection both contributed to the recent gains in survival, the majority of gains from 1988 to 2000 appear to have been driven by better treatment, manifested by improved stage-conditional survival. These results have important policy implications regarding investment in research and development and the evaluation of efforts to improve cancer screening.

scholarly journals Perangkat serologi untuk deteksi dini infeksi Ganoderma sp. pada kelapa sawit Serological device kit for early detection of Ganoderma sp. infection in oil palm

2016 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
. SUHARYANTO ◽  
Deden Dewantara ERIS ◽  
Haryo Tejo PRAKOSO ◽  
A H SARAGIH ◽  
T W DARMONO
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Healthy Plant ◽  
Protein Extract ◽  
Strong Reaction ◽  
Early Symptom ◽  
Heavy Infection ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Antigen Protein

AbstractBasal stem rot caused by Ganoderma sp. is the most destructive disease in oil palm that difficult to control because its early symptom could not be detected easily. Serological technique that could detect early Ganoderma sp. infection in quick, simple, and cheap manner should be developed as one component for integrated disease management. A diagnostic device based on dot immunobinding assay (DIBA) for early detection of Ganoderma sp. infection in oil palm had been observed at laboratory, greenhouse and field experiment. Study result revealed that serological technique could detect antigen protein extract of Ganoderma mycelium as much as 138 µg/mL. Basal stem of young seedling that artificially be inoculated by the pathogen could also be clearly detected. At field experiment, Ganoderma sp. infection in oil palm plantation was marked with colour marking based on its infection stadium level to the palm oil. The colours are green, yellow, red, black, and white stating that the plant are healthy, mild infection, heavy infection, very heavy infection, and dead, respectively. Field experiment result showed that serological device kit gave strong reaction to antigen extracted from root and stem at red marking plant. The antigen extracted from healthy plant (green marking plant) was the weak one indicating that the plant is starting to be infected although the symptoms are not yet visually observed. AbstrakBusuk pangkal batang (BPB) yang disebabkan oleh Ganoderma sp. merupakan penyakit paling penting yang sulit ditanggulangi pada tanaman kelapa sawit karena gejala dini serangan sulit diketahui. Teknik serologi yang mampu mendeteksi dini infeksi Ganoderma sp. secara cepat, sederhana dan murah perlu dikembangkan sebagai salah satu komponen dalam pengelolaan penyakit secara terpadu. Teknik serologi dalam bentuk perangkat diagnostik berbasis dot immunobinding assay (DIBA) telah dirakit untuk mendeteksi infeksi Ganoderma sp. pada skala laboratorium, rumah kaca, dan lapang. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa perangkat diagnostik tersebut dapat mendeteksi ekstrak protein dari miselium Ganoderma sp sebesar 138 µg/mL. Keberadaan patogen pada bibit kelapa sawit yang diinfeksi buatan dapat dideteksi secara jelas dengan perangkat serologi tersebut. Deteksi tingkat infeksi Ganoderma sp. pada kebun kelapa sawit TM (skala lapang) dilakukan dengan mengambil sampel berdasarkan stadium infeksi (sehat, ringan, berat, sangat berat, mati) yang diberi kriteria warna hijau, kuning, merah, hitam, dan putih. Hasil uji di kebun kelapa sawit menunjukkan bahwa teknik serologi ini memberikan reaksi paling kuat terhadap antigen yang diekstraksi dari akar dan batang tanaman kriteria merah. Sedangkan reaksi paling lemah ditunjukkan oleh antigen yang diekstraksi dari tanaman kelapa sawit kode hijau yang mengindikasikan bahwa tanaman tanaman kelapa sawit di lapangan tersebut mulai terserang walaupun gejala penyakit belum terlihat secara visual.

Neuropsychological Profile and Dementia Symptom Recognition in Help-Seekers in a Community Early-Detection Program in Hong Kong

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 584-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Y.-M. Tang ◽  
Gloria H.-Y. Wong ◽  
Carmen K.-M. Ng ◽  
Dorothy T.-S. Kwok ◽  
Maggie N.-Y. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Neuropsychological Profile ◽  
Symptom Recognition ◽  
Detection Program ◽  
Early Detection Program

scholarly journals Long-Term Breast Cancer Survival Affected by Overdiagnosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 204s-204s
Author(s):  
C. Fann
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Mammography Screening ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Breast Cancer Survival ◽  
Sufficient Information

Background: Overdetected breast cancers (BCs) via mammography screening that are biologically nonprogressive and unnecessary to receive treatment is of great concern for population-based screening. Most previous studies estimated overdiagnosis by excess incidence due to the introduction of screening compared with background incidence derived from randomized control trial, which require population incident-based BC data and the strong assumption of lead-time distribution, few studies have been adopted by using merely follow-up data on BCs. Aim: To assess respective independent contributions of overdiagnosis and curation to long-term breast cancer survival by the application of the novel zero-inflated statistical model to a longitudinal follow up empirical data with sufficient information based on patient-based data. Methods: We designed a retrospective cohort composed of 1346 patients diagnosed with invasive breast cancer in Falun Central Hospital of Dalarna County, Sweden, through international collaboration. A novel zero-inflated cured or overdiagnosis regression model was conducted. The zero part represents both types of nonprogressive cancer without potential of dying from BC, the cured due to treatment and the overdiagnosed due to mammography screening. These 2 types would be distinguished by detection modes (screen-detected cases and interval cancer plus cancers from nonparticipants). The count part represents the progressive breast cancer with potential of dying from BC associated with prognostic factors during follow-up. Results: The probability for nonprogressive BC (the zero part) was 56.14%. The probability of zero due to curation resulting from early detection and effective treatment was 44.34%. Overdiagnosis resulting from mammography screening program was 8.94% and high awareness was 2.86%. Among 43.86% progressive BC (the count part), 32.11% patients undergoing subsequent adjuvant therapies still remained alive after 15-year follow-up when adjusting for significant prognostic factors. The 15-year prognosis-adjusted cumulative survival of BC was dropped from 88.25% to 74.80% after correcting for the zero-inflated part of overdiagnosis. Conclusion: The proposed zero-inflated model with 15 years of follow-up data revealed 12% due to overdiagnosis after taking out the probability of zero due to curation as a result of early detection and effective treatment from the total zero part.

scholarly journals EARLY DETECTION KANKER SERVIKS SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN DERAJAT HIDUP PEREMPUAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Evicenna Naftuchah Riani ◽  
Dewi Ambarwati
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Pap Smears ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Questions And Answers ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Smear Testing

ABSTRAKKanker merupakan penyebab kematian terbesar di dunia. Pada tahun 2018 terdapat 18,1 juta kasus dengan angka kematian sebesar 9,6 juta. Di Indonesia kanker serviks menduduki peringkat kedua setelah kanker payudara yang diderita oleh perempuan dengan angka kejadian 23,4/100.000 penduduk dengan rata-rata kematian sebesar 13,9/100.000 penduduk. Menurut perkiraan Kementrian Kesehatan RI saat ini, jumlah perempuan penderita baru kanker serviks berkisar 90-100 kasus per 100.000 penduduk dan setiap tahun terjadi 40 ribu kasus kanker serviks. Jawa Tengah merupakan propinsi tertinggi kedua di Indonesia dengan angka kejadaian kanker serviks sebesar 19.734 kasus. Kabupaten Banyumas tiap tahun meningkat, tahun 2010 terdapat 196 kasus, tahun 2011 terdapat 243 kasus dan pada tahun 2012 terdapat 268 kasus. Pasien yang dirawat di Rumah Sakit rata-rata sudah memasuki stadium lanjut, hanya 18,5% yang masih tahap stadium 1. Tujuan dilakukan kegiatan ibm untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan early detection kanker serviks sebagai upaya peningkatan derajat hidup perempuan. Metode yang digunakan dengan ceramah, diskusi, tanya jawab, demonstrasi iva dan pap smear serta evaluasi kegiatan. Terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan tentang tanda gejala kanker serviks dan peningkatan kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya pemeriksaan IVA dan papsmear sebagai upaya peningkatan derajat hidup perempuan. Kata kunci : early detection; kanker serviks; derajat hidup perempuan. ABSTRACTCancer is the biggest cause of death in the world. In 2018 there were 18.1 million cases with a mortality rate of 9.6 million. In Indonesia cervical cancer is ranked second after breast cancer suffered by women with an incidence of 23.4 / 100,000 population with an average death of 13.9 / 100,000 population. According to current estimates of the Indonesian Ministry of Health, the number of women with new cervical cancer ranges from 90-100 cases per 100,000 population and 40 thousand cases of cervical cancer occur annually. Central Java is the second highest province in Indonesia with a cervical cancer survival rate of 19,734 cases. Banyumas Regency has increased every year, in 2010 there were 196 cases, in 2011 there were 243 cases and in 2012 there were 268 cases. Patients treated at the hospital on average had entered an advanced stage, only 18.5% were still in stage 1. The aim was to carry out ibm activities to increase knowledge of early detection of cervical cancer as an effort to increase the degree of life of women. The method used by lectures, discussions, questions and answers, demonstrations iva and pap smears and evaluation of activities. There is an increase in knowledge about the symptoms of cervical cancer and an increase in public awareness of the importance of IVA and Pap smear testing in an effort to increase the degree of life of women. Keywords : early detection; cervical cancer; degree of life of women.

scholarly journals Early detection, early symptom progression and symptomatic remission after ten years in a first episode of psychosis study

2013 ◽  
Vol 143 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 337-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenche ten Velden Hegelstad ◽  
Ulrik Haahr ◽  
Tor K. Larsen ◽  
Bjørn Auestad ◽  
Helene Barder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Early Symptom ◽  
Symptomatic Remission ◽  
Symptom Progression

Acute Ischemic Stroke Evaluation and Treatment

2021 ◽  
pp. 410-416
Author(s):  
Eugene L. Scharf
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Neuronal Death ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Collateral Flow ◽  
Early Symptom ◽  
Symptom Recognition ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Neurologic Emergency

Acute ischemic stroke is a neurologic emergency where an estimated 2 million neurons a minute are lost secondary to ischemia. Treatments of acute stroke are directed at early revascularization of the occluded vessel and to preserve neuronal death and improve collateral flow. Treatments are time sensitive, an aspect that places great importance on early symptom recognition, correct diagnosis, and clinical management. In acute ischemic stroke, in short, “time is brain.”

scholarly journals Impact of Overdiagnosis on Long-Term Breast Cancer Survival

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Fann ◽  
King-Jen Chang ◽  
Chen-Yang Hsu ◽  
Amy Yen ◽  
Cheng-Ping Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Mammography Screening ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Breast Cancer Survival ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
The Impact

Elucidating whether and how long-term survival of breast cancer is mainly due to cure after early detection and effective treatment and therapy or overdiagnosis resulting from the widespread use of mammography provides a new insight into the role mammography plays in screening, surveillance, and treatment of breast cancer. Given information on detection modes, the impact of overdiagnosis due to mammography screening on long-term breast cancer survival was quantitatively assessed by applying a zero (cured or overdiagnosis)-inflated model design and analysis to a 15-year follow-up breast cancer cohort in Dalarna, Sweden. The probability for non-progressive breast cancer (the zero part) was 56.14% including the 44.34% complete cure after early detection and initial treatment and a small 11.80% overdiagnosis resulting from mammography screening program (8.94%) and high awareness (2.86%). The 15-year adjusted cumulative survival of breast cancer was dropped from 88.25% to 74.80% after correcting for the zero-inflated part of overdiagnosis. The present findings reveal that the majority of survivors among women diagnosed with breast cancer could be attributed to the cure resulting from mammography screening and accompanying effective treatment and therapy and only a small fraction of those were due to overdiagnosis.

scholarly journals Perangkat serologi untuk deteksi dini infeksi Ganoderma sp. pada kelapa sawit Serological device kit for early detection of Ganoderma sp. infection in oil palm

2016 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
. SUHARYANTO ◽  
Deden Dewantara ERIS ◽  
Haryo Tejo PRAKOSO ◽  
A H SARAGIH ◽  
T W DARMONO
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Healthy Plant ◽  
Protein Extract ◽  
Strong Reaction ◽  
Early Symptom ◽  
Heavy Infection ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Antigen Protein

AbstractBasal stem rot caused by Ganoderma sp. is the most destructive disease in oil palm that difficult to control because its early symptom could not be detected easily. Serological technique that could detect early Ganoderma sp. infection in quick, simple, and cheap manner should be developed as one component for integrated disease management. A diagnostic device based on dot immunobinding assay (DIBA) for early detection of Ganoderma sp. infection in oil palm had been observed at laboratory, greenhouse and field experiment. Study result revealed that serological technique could detect antigen protein extract of Ganoderma mycelium as much as 138 µg/mL. Basal stem of young seedling that artificially be inoculated by the pathogen could also be clearly detected. At field experiment, Ganoderma sp. infection in oil palm plantation was marked with colour marking based on its infection stadium level to the palm oil. The colours are green, yellow, red, black, and white stating that the plant are healthy, mild infection, heavy infection, very heavy infection, and dead, respectively. Field experiment result showed that serological device kit gave strong reaction to antigen extracted from root and stem at red marking plant. The antigen extracted from healthy plant (green marking plant) was the weak one indicating that the plant is starting to be infected although the symptoms are not yet visually observed. AbstrakBusuk pangkal batang (BPB) yang disebabkan oleh Ganoderma sp. merupakan penyakit paling penting yang sulit ditanggulangi pada tanaman kelapa sawit karena gejala dini serangan sulit diketahui. Teknik serologi yang mampu mendeteksi dini infeksi Ganoderma sp. secara cepat, sederhana dan murah perlu dikembangkan sebagai salah satu komponen dalam pengelolaan penyakit secara terpadu. Teknik serologi dalam bentuk perangkat diagnostik berbasis dot immunobinding assay (DIBA) telah dirakit untuk mendeteksi infeksi Ganoderma sp. pada skala laboratorium, rumah kaca, dan lapang. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa perangkat diagnostik tersebut dapat mendeteksi ekstrak protein dari miselium Ganoderma sp sebesar 138 µg/mL. Keberadaan patogen pada bibit kelapa sawit yang diinfeksi buatan dapat dideteksi secara jelas dengan perangkat serologi tersebut. Deteksi tingkat infeksi Ganoderma sp. pada kebun kelapa sawit TM (skala lapang) dilakukan dengan mengambil sampel berdasarkan stadium infeksi (sehat, ringan, berat, sangat berat, mati) yang diberi kriteria warna hijau, kuning, merah, hitam, dan putih. Hasil uji di kebun kelapa sawit menunjukkan bahwa teknik serologi ini memberikan reaksi paling kuat terhadap antigen yang diekstraksi dari akar dan batang tanaman kriteria merah. Sedangkan reaksi paling lemah ditunjukkan oleh antigen yang diekstraksi dari tanaman kelapa sawit kode hijau yang mengindikasikan bahwa tanaman tanaman kelapa sawit di lapangan tersebut mulai terserang walaupun gejala penyakit belum terlihat secara visual.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document