scholarly journals The development of spectral indices for early detection of Ganoderma disease in oil palm seedlings

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (23) ◽  
pp. 6505-6527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Anuar Izzuddin ◽  
Abu Seman Idris ◽  
Mohd Noor Nisfariza ◽  
Abd Aziz Nordiana ◽  
Helmi Zulhaidi Mohd Shafri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Spectral Indices

Preliminary evaluation of acoustic sensors for early detection of red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus incidence on oil palm and coconut in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Ain Farhah Ros Saidon Khudri ◽  
Mohamed Mazmira Mohd Masri ◽  
Mohd Shawal Thakib Maidin ◽  
Noorhazwani Kamarudin ◽  
Mohamad Haris Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Rhynchophorus Ferrugineus ◽  
Acoustic Sensors ◽  
Red Palm Weevil ◽  
Palm Weevil

scholarly journals Advances in the Interpretation of Tomographic Images as an Early Detection Method of Oil Palm Affected by Basal Stem Rot in Colombia

Plant Disease ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (8) ◽  
pp. 1559-1563 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Arango ◽  
G. Martínez ◽  
G. Torres
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Electrical Impedance Tomography ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Internal Damage ◽  
Impedance Tomography ◽  
Basal Stem Rot ◽  
Palm Trees

Basal stem rot, one of the most important diseases of oil palm in Southeast Asia, has also been identified in Colombia. The increase in disease incidence in the last decade has attracted the attention of producers and researchers. In the search for a procedure that allows for the early identification of diseased palm, Cenipalma evaluated the use of electrical impedance tomography to identify the different stages of development of basal stem rot. The tomograms were compared with transversal sections of healthy and diseased oil palm trees. Following Cenipalma’s preliminary studies on early diagnosis of basal stem rot with tomography, the present study improved upon the technique by analyzing the tomograms of 209 diseased palm trees (confirmed by symptomatology), 346 asymptomatic palm trees, and 132 healthy palm trees. The minimum and maximum electric impedance values as well as the ratio between these values was recorded. The range of 1 to 95 Ω was used to represent the internal damage. The ratios averaged 5.1 for diseased, 1.9 for asymptomatic, and 1.5 for healthy palm trees. With the range and the ratio criteria established, it was possible to identify the disease in 100% of asymptomatic sampled palm trees. This study demonstrated that electrical impedance tomography is a powerful tool for early detection of basal stem rot, which can be used to establish an early disease management program.

scholarly journals Perangkat serologi untuk deteksi dini infeksi Ganoderma sp. pada kelapa sawit Serological device kit for early detection of Ganoderma sp. infection in oil palm

2016 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
. SUHARYANTO ◽  
Deden Dewantara ERIS ◽  
Haryo Tejo PRAKOSO ◽  
A H SARAGIH ◽  
T W DARMONO
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Healthy Plant ◽  
Protein Extract ◽  
Strong Reaction ◽  
Early Symptom ◽  
Heavy Infection ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Antigen Protein

AbstractBasal stem rot caused by Ganoderma sp. is the most destructive disease in oil palm that difficult to control because its early symptom could not be detected easily. Serological technique that could detect early Ganoderma sp. infection in quick, simple, and cheap manner should be developed as one component for integrated disease management. A diagnostic device based on dot immunobinding assay (DIBA) for early detection of Ganoderma sp. infection in oil palm had been observed at laboratory, greenhouse and field experiment. Study result revealed that serological technique could detect antigen protein extract of Ganoderma mycelium as much as 138 µg/mL. Basal stem of young seedling that artificially be inoculated by the pathogen could also be clearly detected. At field experiment, Ganoderma sp. infection in oil palm plantation was marked with colour marking based on its infection stadium level to the palm oil. The colours are green, yellow, red, black, and white stating that the plant are healthy, mild infection, heavy infection, very heavy infection, and dead, respectively. Field experiment result showed that serological device kit gave strong reaction to antigen extracted from root and stem at red marking plant. The antigen extracted from healthy plant (green marking plant) was the weak one indicating that the plant is starting to be infected although the symptoms are not yet visually observed. AbstrakBusuk pangkal batang (BPB) yang disebabkan oleh Ganoderma sp. merupakan penyakit paling penting yang sulit ditanggulangi pada tanaman kelapa sawit karena gejala dini serangan sulit diketahui. Teknik serologi yang mampu mendeteksi dini infeksi Ganoderma sp. secara cepat, sederhana dan murah perlu dikembangkan sebagai salah satu komponen dalam pengelolaan penyakit secara terpadu. Teknik serologi dalam bentuk perangkat diagnostik berbasis dot immunobinding assay (DIBA) telah dirakit untuk mendeteksi infeksi Ganoderma sp. pada skala laboratorium, rumah kaca, dan lapang. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa perangkat diagnostik tersebut dapat mendeteksi ekstrak protein dari miselium Ganoderma sp sebesar 138 µg/mL. Keberadaan patogen pada bibit kelapa sawit yang diinfeksi buatan dapat dideteksi secara jelas dengan perangkat serologi tersebut. Deteksi tingkat infeksi Ganoderma sp. pada kebun kelapa sawit TM (skala lapang) dilakukan dengan mengambil sampel berdasarkan stadium infeksi (sehat, ringan, berat, sangat berat, mati) yang diberi kriteria warna hijau, kuning, merah, hitam, dan putih. Hasil uji di kebun kelapa sawit menunjukkan bahwa teknik serologi ini memberikan reaksi paling kuat terhadap antigen yang diekstraksi dari akar dan batang tanaman kriteria merah. Sedangkan reaksi paling lemah ditunjukkan oleh antigen yang diekstraksi dari tanaman kelapa sawit kode hijau yang mengindikasikan bahwa tanaman tanaman kelapa sawit di lapangan tersebut mulai terserang walaupun gejala penyakit belum terlihat secara visual.

scholarly journals Electronic nose for early detection of basal stem rot caused by Ganoderma in oil palm

2020 ◽  
Vol 468 ◽  
pp. 012029
Author(s):  
I Kresnawaty ◽  
A S Mulyatni ◽  
D D Eris ◽  
H T Prakoso ◽  
Tri-Panji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Electronic Nose ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Basal Stem Rot

scholarly journals Generating the Baseline in the Early Detection of Bud Rot and Red Ring Disease in Oil Palms by Geospatial Technologies

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3229
Author(s):  
Mauricio Viera-Torres ◽  
Izar Sinde-González ◽  
Mariluz Gil-Docampo ◽  
Vladimir Bravo-Yandún ◽  
Theofilos Toulkeridis
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Spatial Behavior ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Aircraft System

Oil palm cultivation in Ecuador is important for the agricultural sector. As a result of it, the country generates sources of employment in some of the most vulnerable zones; it contributes 0.89% of the gross domestic product and 4.35% of the agricultural gross domestic product. In 2017, a value of USD $252 million was generated by exports, and palm contributed 4.53% of the agricultural gross domestic product (GDP). It is estimated that 125,000 hectares of palm were lost in the Republic of Ecuador due to Red Ring Disease (RRD) and specifically Bud Rot (BR). The current study aimed to generate an early detection of BR and RRD in oil palm. Image acquisition has been performed using Remotely Piloted Aircraft System (RPAS) with Red, Green, and Blue (RGB) cannons, and multispectral cameras, in study areas with and without the presence of the given disease. Hereby, we proposed two phases. In phase A, a drone flight has been conducted for processing and georeferencing. This allowed to obtain an orthomosaic that serves as input for obtaining several vegetation indices of the healthy crop. The data and products obtained from this phase served as a baseline to perform comparisons with plantations affected by BR and RRD and to differentiate the palm varieties that are used by palm growers. In phase B, the same process has been applied three times with an interval of 15 days in an affected plot, in order to identify the symptoms and the progress of them. A validation for the diseases detection has been performed in the field, by taking Global Positioning System (GPS) points of the palms that presented symptoms of BR and RRD, through direct observation by field experts. The inputs obtained in each monitoring allowed to analyze the spatial behavior of the diseases. The values of the vegetation indices obtained from Phase A and B aimed to establish the differences between healthy and diseased palms, with the purpose of generating the baseline of early responses of BR and RRD conditions. However, the best vegetation index to detect the BR was the Visible Atmospherically Resistant Index (VARI).

GammaScorpion: mobile gamma-ray tomography system for early detection of basal stem rot in oil palm plantations

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 036502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaafar Abdullah ◽  
Hearie Hassan ◽  
Mohamad Rabaie Shari ◽  
Salzali Mohd ◽  
Mahadi Mustapha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Basal Stem Rot ◽  
Tomography System

scholarly journals Karakteristik antibodi anti Ganoderma sp. yang dihasilkan dengan menggunakan jenis dan sumber antigen yang berbeda [Characteristic of antibodies againt Ganoderma sp produced from different types and sources of antigens]

2017 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irma KRESNAWATY ◽  
Kholis A AUDAH ◽  
Hasim MUNAWAR ◽  
Happy WIDIASTUTI
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Protein Profiles ◽  
Basal Stem Rot ◽  
Amino Acid Compositions ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Chicken Eggs ◽  
Important Disease

Basal stem rot (BSR) disease caused by  Ganoderma sp. is the most important disease in oil palm plantations.The effectivity of BSR control depends on early detection of this disease. The earlier the disease is known, the severity of damage could be prevented. Therefore, technology for early detection of Ganoderma infection is very important. Immunochromatographic techniques based on the reaction of antigens and antibodies can be developed for detection of Ganoderma sp infection. The objective of the study was to produce antibodies using different Ganoderma sp. In this study, immunoglobulin Y ( IgY ) against Ganoderma sp produced in chicken eggs was used as the source of antibodies. Laying hens were immunized with several types of Ganoderma sp. because it is known to have genetic variations. The source of Ganoderma sp. isolates were mycelium and exudates. The polyclonal IgY antibodies produced economically and abundantly.  The antibodies derived from the mycelium showed more consistent results compared with those derived from the exudates. In addition, the antibodies derived from Ganoderma sp of Cimulang and Bekri showed higher reactivity  with some of the antigens compared to those from Cisalak Baru (CSB). The characteristics and the protein profiles of antibodies produced using Cimulang, Bekri  and Cisalak Baru isolates were vary in term of,  sensitivity and amino acid compositions

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