scholarly journals THE PERIODIC SYSTEM OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS: HISTORY AND MODERNITY

Metaphysics ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 111-130
Author(s):  
A. Yu Gryaznov
Keyword(s):  
Periodic System ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Electron Shell ◽  
Atomic Weight ◽  
Atomic Nuclei

Three approaches to the problem of systematization of chemical elements are considered: by atomic weight (Mendeleev), by the structure of the electron shell (Thomson, Bohr) and by the structure of the nucleus (Burtayev). The difficulties of the first two approaches are discussed, and ways of their solution are indicated on the basis of the concepts of the structure of atomic nuclei developed by Yu.V. Burtayev.

HYPOTHESIS ON THE SYNERGISM OF RADIATION AND WATER FILTERS IN THE FORMATION OF BIOOBJECTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
B.L. Oksengendler ◽  
S.E. Maksimov ◽  
S.U. Norbaev ◽  
L.Yu. Akopyan ◽  
M.V. Konoplyova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Table ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Electron Shell ◽  
Living Matter ◽  
Heavy Atoms ◽  
The Third ◽  
Water Filters ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Electron Shells

The article contains a hypothesis on the dominance of chemical elements of top periods of the Periodic Table in living matter. The idea is that the elements of the third and next periods of the table, in contrast to the first two periods, have larger number of subvalent electron shells. Because of this, ionization of the k-electron shell by radiation (kosmic and terrestrial) in the heavy atoms always leads to the Auger cascade, which causes the destruction of molecular chains. This mechanism can play a role of the radiation filter in the selection of light chemical elements in living matter in addition to the mechanism of hydrolytic filter (G.R. Ivanitskii).

Isotope-abundance variations of selected elements (IUPAC Technical Report)

2002 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 1987-2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler B. Coplen ◽  
John Karl Böhlke ◽  
P. De Bièvre ◽  
T. Ding ◽  
N. E. Holden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Radioactive Decay ◽  
Atomic Weight ◽  
Chemical Fractionation ◽  
Isotope Abundance ◽  
Isotopic Compositions ◽  
Technical Report ◽  
Isotopic Abundances ◽  
Calcium Iron ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Documented variations in the isotopic compositions of some chemical elements are responsible for expanded uncertainties in the standard atomic weights published by the Commission on Atomic Weights and Isotopic Abundances of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. This report summarizes reported variations in the isotopic compositions of 20 elements that are due to physical and chemical fractionation processes (not due to radioactive decay) and their effects on the standard atomic-weight uncertainties. For 11 of those elements (hydrogen, lithium, boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, silicon, sulfur, chlorine, copper, and selenium), standard atomic-weight uncertainties have been assigned values that are substantially larger than analytical uncertainties because of common isotope-abundance variations in materials of natural terrestrial origin. For 2 elements (chromium and thallium), recently reported isotope-abundance variations potentially are large enough to result in future expansion of their atomic-weight uncertainties. For 7 elements (magnesium, calcium, iron, zinc, molybdenum, palladium, and tellurium), documented isotope variations in materials of natural ter- restrial origin are too small to have a significant effect on their standard atomic-weight uncertainties. This compilation indicates the extent to which the atomic weight of an element in a given material may differ from the standard atomic weight of the element. For most elements given above, data are graphically illustrated by a diagram in which the materials are specified in the ordinate and the compositional ranges are plotted along the abscissa in scales of (1) atomic weight, (2) mole fraction of a selected isotope, and (3) delta value of a selected isotope ratio.

150 Years of the Periodic System of Chemical Elements

CHEMKON ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 277-285
Author(s):  
Gisela Boeck
Keyword(s):  
Periodic System ◽  
Chemical Elements

The Periodic System of the Chemical Elements: The Search for Its Discoverer

Isis ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinz Cassebaum ◽  
George B. Kauffman
Keyword(s):  
Periodic System ◽  
Chemical Elements

scholarly journals The structure of atomic nuclei

1936 ◽  
Vol 153 (880) ◽  
pp. 493-504
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Reactions ◽  
Atomic Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Light Elements ◽  
Atomic Nuclei ◽  
Reaction Energies ◽  
Reaction Equations ◽  
Independent Reaction

In a previous paper it was shown that the energies of nuclear reactions are multiples of q = 0·000415 in atomic weight units and that the atomic weights of the light elements may be supposed equal to N (1 + b ) sq , where N and s are integer and b is a small quantity the same for all elements. In the reaction equations the terms N (1 + b ) cancel out so that the reaction energies are given by nq = Σ sq . Thus the equation 4 Be 9 + 1 H 1 = 4 Be 8 + 1 H 2 + nq gives 9 (1 + b ) + 33 q + 1 + b + 19 q = 8 (1 + b ) + 17 q + 2 (1 + b ) + 34 q + nq , so that 33 q + 19 q = 17 q + 34 q + nq which gives 52 = 51 + n , or n = 1. The number of independent reaction equations is two less than the number of elements involved so that two of the values of the energy integer s can be elected. In the previous paper the values of s for 2 He 4 1 H 1 were taken to be 8 and 19 respectively and the values of s for the other elements were calculated by means of the reaction equations.

scholarly journals The periodic system of chemical elements solid model in the geological aspect

2020 ◽  
pp. 36-47
Author(s):  
Mikhail M. Labushev ◽  
◽  
Timofey M. Labushev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Lattice ◽  
Periodic System ◽  
Chemical Element ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Zero Element ◽  
Earth’S Crust ◽  
Solid Model ◽  
Simple Substance ◽  
Volcanic Processes ◽  
Earth's Crust

The topicality of the research comes from the need to obtain new knowledge about the manifestation of the periodic law in nature. Research aim is to associate the periodic system of chemical elements with the chemical composition and structure of natural objects. The research method suggests the creation of a solid model of the periodic system of chemical elements along with its comparison with ore formation objects as well as the manifestation of chemical elements isomorphism and some natural processes geochemistry. Research results. The solid version of the periodic table of the first 95 chemical elements together with a conventional zero element is proposed. Each volume cell characterizes a chemical element with an elementary crystal lattice of simple substance. Similar models can be composed of minerals and rocks associating with material substance of the earth's crust. 16 vertical groups in the model are arranged in a snake-like pattern. The model of the earth's crust with the “cubes” of chemical elements, minerals and mineral associations is proposed. The elements of adjacent spatial groups are naturally concentrated in combination, showing isomorphism while minerals enter the crystal lattice. The relative position of adjacent “cubes” follows the rule of translation in mutually perpendicular directions. The chemical elements of the first group can correspond spatially to volcanoes as well as mud volcanoes. The place of the zero chemical element is considered to be occupied by the elements of adjacent spatial groups. It is assumed that the faces of the “cube” of chemical elements are permeable areas through which chemical elements can be transferred. Summary. The confirmation of the model follows while considering ore formations, isomorphism of chemical elements in minerals and geochemistry of volcanic processes. 46 "Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal". No. 1. 2020 ISSN 0536-1028 Key words: chemical elements; solid model of periodic system; ore formations; isomorphism in crystals; geochemistry of volcanic processes.

scholarly journals Analogies of Genetic and Chemical Code

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miloje M. Rakocevic
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Code ◽  
Periodic System ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Original Manuscript ◽  
Code Table ◽  
Chemical Code

Starting from the previously established hypothesis on the existence of the coherence of the chemical and genetic code, new facts and new insights on the existence of essential analogies between the genetic and chemical code are presented, whereby the chemical code is derived from the original Mendeleev work on the periodic system of chemical elements. When, namely, all elements are scheduled into adequate groups of Periodic system of chemical elements, in accordance to Mendeleev original manuscript tables, then are revealed some very specific mathematical and chemical regularities; among others, Periodic system appears to be a code – the chemical code – in an entity analogy with the terrestrial genetic code. These regularities correspond to the mathematical regularities within the genetic code. Between others relations, it appears also a correspondence between the distribution of codons in the Genetic Code Table and the distribution of chemical elements in the Periodic system with respect to their even/odd parity and stability/instability of the isotopes.

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