Alloy information helps prioritize material criticality lists

Materials scientists employ metals and alloys that involve most of the periodic table. Nonetheless, materials scientists rarely take material criticality and reuse potential into account. In this work, we expand upon lists of “critical materials” generated by national and regional governments by showing that many materials are employed predominantly as alloying elements, which can be a deterrent to recovery and reuse at end of product life and, likely as a consequence, have low functional end-of-life recycling rates, among other problematic characteristics. We thereby single out six metals for enhanced concern: dysprosium, samarium, vanadium, niobium, tellurium, and gallium. From that perspective, the use of critical metals in low concentrations in alloys unlikely to be routinely recycled should be avoided if possible. If not, provision should be made for better identification and more efficient recycling so that materials designated as critical can have increased potential for more than a single functional use.

Design and Implementation of an Escape Room About the Discovery of the Periodic Table

This work describes the design and implementation of an escape room celebrating the International Year of the Periodic Table (2019). The main goal of the escape room is that the participants achieve, through the game, both specific competencies, such as basic concepts of chemistry, and transversal competencies, like teamwork and creativity. The most important aspects that must be addressed when creating an escape room (the story, the setting, and the riddles) are described in detail to help and motivate other teachers to implement a similar or related activity. In particular, the riddles are designed so that they give students an idea about the difficulties encountered by the scientists involved in the elaboration of the periodic table as well as to give them a small glimpse of the awe of discovery. The activity is aimed at high school students (ages 15-18) as well as undergraduate students.

Holography of Strongly Coupled Gauge Theories

The "periodic table" of strongly coupled gauge theories remains only sketchily understood. Holography has developed to the point where bottom up constructions can describe the spectrum of individual gauge theories (based on assumptions of their running) including quarks in different representations and higher dimension operators. I highlight the method with a "perfected" version of an AdS dual of QCD and results for composite higgs models with two representations of quarks. The method raises questions about the degree to which energy scales can be split in generic gauge theories including whether confinement and chiral symmetry breaking are linked.

MODELING OF ATOMIC SYSTEMS AND POSITIONING OF ELEMENTS OF NOBLE GASES OF THE PERIODIC TABLE BY PROPORTIONAL DIVISION METHOD

This paper studies regularities of proportional division, on the basis of which we show the possibility of effective application of the golden section method to modeling regularities of atomic systems and positioning of elements of noble gases of the periodic table. It is illustrated that by partial reconstruction of the Mendeleev tables, the elements of noble gases can be arranged along lines whose slope tangents in the coordinate system “the atomic number – the relative atomic mass” are in close agreement with the sequence of inverse Fibonacci numbers. It was shown that given the correct slope of axes, slope tangents of the corresponding lines does not change.

Biological effects of high-diluted substances and periodic table of elements

Background and Aims. There are several experimental evidences for the effects of high-diluted substances (see e.g. C. Taddei-Ferretti, A. Cotugno 1997, on effects of high-diluted drugs on the prevention and control of mice teratogenicity induced by purine derivatives; N.C. Sukul, C. Taddei-Ferretti, S.P. Sinha Babu, A. De, B. Nandi, A. Sukul, R. Dutta-Nag 2000, on high-diluted Nux vomica countering alcohol-induced loss of righting reflex in toads). Also the physical characterization and mechanism of action of high-diluted drugs have been studied (see e.g. N.C. Sukul, A. Sukul, High dilution effects: Physical and biochemical basis 2004). However, further experimental researches are needed to clarify how physical characteristics of a drug are linked to its global biological effects. Considerations on some high-diluted mineral remedies will be developer here. Methods. In Organon, sect. 119, S. Hahnemann writes: «As certainly each species of plants is different from every other one with regard to external appearance, way of life and growth, taste and smell, and as certainly each mineral, each salt is different from the others with regard to external, internal, physical and chemical qualities [...], so certainly all these vegetal and mineral substances have pathogenetic – and thus also curative – effects different among themselves [...]». This statement may be taken as basis for considering the characteristics of some elements, as ordered in the periodic table, in relation to those of some high-diluted mineral remedies. Conclusions. The elements were previously ordered in the periodic table according to the atomic weight chemically determined, and later more precisely according to the atomic number (number of protons). Then also the electronic configuration was taken into account: properties depending on atomic mass and deep electrons are not periodical, while chemical and several physical properties are linked to external electrons which have periodical configuration. In particular, let us consider the group of elements C, P, S, Cl and the group of elements Ca, Mg, K, Na. One may conclude that the four elements of the first group (respectively receiver-or-donor of 4 electrons, receiver of 3, of 2, of 1 electron), which, according to H. Bernard, are linked to the fixed human constitutions, are close among themselves in the periodic table, while they are very distant from the four elements of the second group (respectively donor of 2, of 2, of 1, of 1 electron), which are close among themselves and are linked to the changing constitutional stages.

Difficulties and Perspectives of Parametrical Conception of Language

The article looks into the issues, outlined in M. Baker's The Atoms of Language: The Mind's Hidden Rules of Grammar . This work is notable for the parametric theory of the languages, set out in it, according to which languages are different, nevertheless retaining the ability to be compared. That can be further supported by the assertion that the differences among languages are determined by "a smallish number of discreet elements, called parameters."What is more, the diversity of language reveals a certain regularity, very much resembling that of Mendeleev's periodic table of chemical elements. Our research team of professional linguists and philosophers put this claim to a critical analysis, the results of which are featured in this article. One of the major ones among them is the supposition that Baker, in accordance with the traditions of Chomsky generative linguistics, turns temporal continuums into special relations. He did that without discussing the consequences of such move, which made it impossible to develop the psychological and linguistic aspect of the subject raised by him.

RATIONAL USE OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND RESOURCE CONSERVATION IN THE PRODUCTION OF BUILDING MATERIALS

The problem of using natural zeolites and utilization of spent sorbents-zeolites used in industrial water purification processes is considered. The promising possibility of their use as additives in the production of cement and concretes, as additives to Portland cement, is shown. Zeolites are crystalline aqueous aluminosilicates containing as cations elements I and II groups of the periodic table, in particular sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium.