scholarly journals Using commercial enzyme immunoassay for measuring pregnancy-associated glycoproteins to diagnose pregnancy in dairy cows under field conditions in Algeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-166
Author(s):  
Abdelhanine Ayad ◽  
Hanane Derbak ◽  
Omar Besseboua
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Pregnancy Diagnosis ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Commercial Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Mixed Age ◽  
Friesian Cattle

The purpose of the present work was to study effectiveness for early pregnancy diagnosis in cattle of the new enzyme immunoassay (EIA) sandwich kit commercially available based on the measurement of pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs). 120 Holstein-Friesian cattle of mixed age and parity were comprised from different dairy herds. The pregnant females (n = 68) were diagnosed by ultrasonography at day 35-40 after artificial insemination and confirmed by transrectal exploration at 2-3 months after AI. The non-pregnant females (n = 52) were housed in the absence of males during the experimental period. Blood samples were collected from coccygeal vessels of females into EDTA tubes. The serum was obtained by centrifugation and the serum was stored at - 20 C until assay. The PAG concentrations in pregnant and non-pregnant females were determined in serum by EIA kit. The reproducibility inter- and intra-assay of the PAG-EIA is satisfactory (2.78 and 13.19 %, respectively). The accuracy ( 94.8 %) and the test of parallelism were largely acceptable. No cross-reaction was observed with the different hormones tested at different dilutions. PAG-EIA system gave 100 % sensitivity and negative predictive values. Whereas, specificity and positive predictive value were 91.93 and 71.15 %, respectively. The accuracy of pregnancy diagnosis by PAG-EIA was 87.5 %. In conclusion, the present study shows clearly that the EIA kit can be used to measure PAG in serum cows for the detection of gestation in Algeria. Therefore, this alternative technique could be recommended to replace the radioactive methods in immunoassays to improve the reproductive performances and an efficient tool for reproductive management of dairy cattle.

Estimates of genetic parameters for fertility traits of Australian Holstein-Friesian cattle

2003 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Haile-Mariam ◽  
J.M. Morton ◽  
M.E. Goddard
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Environmental Correlations ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Fertility Data ◽  
National Selection ◽  
Fertility Traits ◽  
Friesian Cattle ◽  
Friesian Cows

AbstractFertility data collected on 17131 Holstein-Friesian cows from 158 dairy herds in Australia were used to estimate heritabilities for and correlations among several fertility traits using a sire model. Pregnancy rate (PR), survival (Surv), calving interval (CI), calving to first service interval (CFS), insemination rate (coded as 1 if a cow received a service or 0 otherwise) (InsemR) and first service non-return rate (FNRR) were the main traits analysed in a six-trait model. Among the traits, CFS had the highest h2 (0·13) and FNRR had the lowest h2 (0·01). Genetic correlations among the traits were higher than environmental correlations in all cases. The genetic correlations of PR with InsemR, FNRR, CFS, CI and Surv were 0·74, 0·79 and -0·84, -0·57, and 0·67, respectively. The genetic correlation between InsemR and CFS was high (-0·95) indicating that they almost measure the same trait. Analysis of data from cows that did not return to service after the first service despite not being pregnant (so-called ‘phantom’ cow syndrome) showed that the syndrome is not heritable. The relatively high genetic correlation of PR with traits such as CI and Surv that can be extracted from milk recording data and CFS, FNRR and InsemR that can be obtained from mating data suggests that routine genetic evaluation of sires for daughter fertility based on these traits can be implemented in national selection programs.

scholarly journals Reproductive Performance and Partial Budget Analysis of a Prostaglandin or a Modified Ovsyn3ch Protocol in Autumn Calving Dairy Herds

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1031
Author(s):  
George Lindley ◽  
Jim Willshire ◽  
Steven Van Winden
Keyword(s):  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Start Date ◽  
Budget Analysis ◽  
Partial Budget ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Input Uncertainties ◽  
Relative Profitability

In autumn calving dairy herds, treatment of cattle not observed in estrus prior to the breeding season is common. Routinely, a single prostaglandin or a modified Ovsynch (MOFT) protocol are used—without evidence of their relative effectiveness. This study compares the effects on conception, associated timing, and profitability of administering cows with prostaglandin or MOFT treatment. A hundred and ninety-two Holstein-Friesian cows from three herds without an observed estrus within 28-days before mating start date were randomly treated with d-cloprostenol (PGOD) or an 8-day MOFT protocol. The association of treatment and calving-breeding start-date interval (CBSI) on the risk of conception were investigated. Partial budget, sensitivity analysis, and Monte Carlo simulation was used to assess economic performance, identify critical input variables, and explore the effects of input uncertainties on model output. There was a significant association between MOFT treatment and conception during 21 and 84 days after mating start date, compared to PGOD. MOFT treatment was associated with a mean net benefit of £58.21 (sd £19.42) and £27.29 (sd £17.75) per cow for herds with a fixed or variable dry-off date, respectively. The relative profitability of an MOFT protocol is dependent on its effects on barren rate and herd dry-off strategy.

scholarly journals Visual identification of individual Holstein-Friesian cattle via deep metric learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 106133
Author(s):  
William Andrew ◽  
Jing Gao ◽  
Siobhan Mullan ◽  
Neill Campbell ◽  
Andrew W. Dowsey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metric Learning ◽  
Visual Identification ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Deep Metric Learning ◽  
Friesian Cattle

scholarly journals Analytical and physiological validation of an enzyme immunoassay to measure oxytocin in dog, wolf, and human urine samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Wirobski ◽  
F. S. Schaebs ◽  
F. Range ◽  
S. Marshall-Pescini ◽  
T. Deschner
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Antibody Specificity ◽  
Analytical Validation ◽  
Human Urine Samples ◽  
Assay Performance ◽  
Fit For Purpose ◽  
Commercial Enzyme Immunoassay

AbstractOxytocin (OT) promotes pro-sociality, bonding, and cooperation in a variety of species. Measuring oxytocin metabolite (OTM) concentrations in urine or saliva provides intriguing opportunities to study human and animal behaviour with minimal disturbance. However, a thorough validation of analytical methods and an assessment of the physiological significance of these measures are essential. We conducted an analytical validation of a commercial Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA; Arbor OT assay kit) to measure OTM concentrations in dog, wolf, and human urine samples. To test the assay’s ability to detect changes in OTM concentrations, we administered oxytocin intranasally to 14 dogs. Assay performance with regard to parallelism was acceptable. Assay accuracy and extraction efficiency for dog and wolf samples were comparable to a previously validated assay (Enzo OT assay kit) but variation was smaller for human samples. Binding sensitivity and antibody specificity were better in the Arbor assay. Average OTM concentrations were more than twice as high as in comparable samples measured with the Enzo assay, highlighting a lack of comparability of absolute values between different assays. Changes in OTM concentrations after intranasal treatment were detected reliably. The Arbor assay met requirements of a “fit-for-purpose” validation with improvement of several parameters compared to the Enzo assay.

Meat quality and carcass characteristics of Norwegian dairy and Holstein-Friesian cattle

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 110-110
Author(s):  
R.M. Kirkland ◽  
D.C. Patterson ◽  
B.W. Moss ◽  
T.W.J. Keady ◽  
R.W.J. Steen
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Production Data ◽  
Dairy Traits ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Friesian Cattle ◽  
Norwegian Dairy

Any evaluation of breeds or production systems for beef must consider effects on production, carcass and meat quality characteristics. Holstein-Friesian (HF) cattle are bred for dairy traits only, while Norwegian dairy cattle (NOR) have been selected with some emphasis on beef characteristics. A comparison of production data from bulls of these two breeds has been presented previously (Kirkland et al., 2005). The objective of the present study was to evaluate specific carcass and meat quality parameters of HF and NOR bulls.

The Effect of Polymorphism in PGLYRP1 Gene on the Productivity and Health Traits in Holstein-Friesian Cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-338
Author(s):  
P. Sablik ◽  
A. Klenowicz ◽  
M. Szewczuk ◽  
A. Olszewski ◽  
A. Dybus
Keyword(s):  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Friesian Cattle

Paratuberculosis in Holstein-Friesian cattle farms in Central Iran

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir H. Shahmoradi ◽  
Reza Arefpajohi ◽  
Keyvan Tadayon ◽  
Nader Mosavari
Keyword(s):  
Central Iran ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Cattle Farms ◽  
Friesian Cattle

scholarly journals Circadian Rhythm and Stress Response in Droppings ofSerinus canaria

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maura Turriani ◽  
Nicola Bernabò ◽  
Barbara Barboni ◽  
Gianluca Todisco ◽  
Luigi Montini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Light Period ◽  
Daily Rhythm ◽  
Fecal Excretion ◽  
Dark Phase ◽  
Light Cycle ◽  
Serinus Canaria ◽  
Commercial Enzyme Immunoassay

Serinus canariais a widespread domestic ornamental songbird, whose limited knowledge of biology make compelling studies aimed to monitor stress. Here, a commercial enzyme immunoassay was adopted to measure immunoreactive corticosterone (CORT) in singleSerinus canariadropping sample, to monitor the daily fecal excretion of CORT in birds bred singly or in-group and to detect the effect promoted by aviary or small transport cage restraint. A robust daily rhythm of CORT was recorded in animals held on short-day light cycle, independent of bred conditions (single or group), which persisted when space availability was modified in single bred animal (transfer in aviary and transport cages). By contrast, a significant change in CORT excretion was recorded when group bred animals are restrained in a smaller cage. The daily rhythm in CORT excretion in response to manipulation showed the greatest response at the beginning of the light period, followed by the absence of the peak usually recorded at the end of the dark phase. These data indicated that EIA could be used as a reliable noninvasive approach to monitor the stress induced by restraint conditions inSerinus canaria.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document