Oxidative stress and cholinesterase depression among farm workers occupationally exposed to pesticides in India

Aim: The aim of this work was to investigate the relationships between aluminium levels, oxidative status and DNA damage in workers occupationally exposed to aluminium. Subjects and methods: This study was conducted in a secondary aluminium smelter. It included 96 male workers occupationally exposed to aluminium fume and dust compared to 96 male nonexposed individuals. Full history and clinical examination were done for all participants. Laboratory investigations in the form of serum aluminium, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), urinary 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and comet assay test were performed. Results: Serum aluminium level ranged from 4 to 30 µg/L of median: 10 µg/L; urinary 8-OHdG ranged from 2.7 to 17.2 ng/mg creatinine of median: 7.6 ng/mg creatinine; comet tail length (CTL) ranged from 19.7 to 50.5 µm of median: 45 µm, were statistically significantly increased in the exposed group compared to nonexposed group. In exposed workers, a statistically significant positive correlations were found between serum aluminium level and urinary 8-OHdG ( r = 0.75, p < 0.001); aluminium level and CTL ( r = 0.71, p < 0.001); and urinary 8-OHdG and CTL ( r = 0.71, p < 0.001). There was a statistically significant negative correlation between serum aluminium and TAC ( r = −0.76, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Occupational exposure to aluminium in secondary aluminium smelters was related to the induction of oxidative stress and DNA damage. This may promote the development of adverse health hazards in the exposed workers

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The Effect of a Short-Term Exposure to Lead on the Levels of Essential Metal Ions, Selected Proteins Related to Them, and Oxidative Stress Parameters in Humans

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2017/8763793 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Michał Dobrakowski ◽

Marta Boroń ◽

Ewa Birkner ◽

Aleksandra Kasperczyk ◽

Ewa Chwalińska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lead Exposure ◽

Essential Metals ◽

Short Term ◽

Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽

Short Term Exposure ◽

Exposed Workers ◽

Occupationally Exposed ◽

And Oxidative Stress ◽

Stress Parameters

The present study was designed to explore the possible influence of subacute exposure to lead on the levels of selected essential metals, selected proteins related to them, and oxidative stress parameters in occupationally exposed workers. The study population included 36 males occupationally exposed to lead for 36 to 44 days. Their blood lead level at the beginning of the study was 10.7 ± 7.67 μg/dl and increased to the level of 49.1 ± 14.1 μg/dl at the end of the study. The levels of calcium, magnesium, and zinc increased significantly after lead exposure compared to baseline by 3%, 3%, and 8%, respectively, while the level of copper decreased significantly by 7%. The malondialdehyde (MDA) level and the activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) did not change due to lead exposure. However, the level of lipid hydroperoxides (LPH) in serum increased significantly by 46%, while the level of erythrocyte lipofuscin (LPS) decreased by 13%. The serum levels of essential metals are modified by a short-term exposure to lead in occupationally exposed workers. A short-term exposure to lead induces oxidative stress associated with elevated levels of LPH but not MDA.

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Brain Activity in Farm Workers Occupationally Exposed to Pesticides in Costa Rica

ISEE Conference Abstracts ◽

10.1289/isesisee.2018.o01.02.25 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ana Maria Mora ◽

Joseph M Baker ◽

Daniel Rojas-Valverde ◽

Samuel Fuhrimann ◽

Maria G Rodriguez-Zamora ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Costa Rica ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Farm Workers ◽

Occupationally Exposed

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Oxidative stress and repetitive element methylation changes in artisanal gold miners occupationally exposed to mercury

Heliyon ◽

10.1016/j.heliyon.2017.e00400 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (9) ◽

pp. e00400 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Diana M. Narváez ◽

Helena Groot ◽

Sonia M. Diaz ◽

Ruth Marien Palma ◽

Nathalia Muñoz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Repetitive Element ◽

Occupationally Exposed ◽

Gold Miners

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Assessment of Thyroid Function and Oxidative Stress State in Foundry Workers Exposed to Lead

Journal of Health and Pollution ◽

10.5696/2156-9614-10.27.200903 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (27) ◽

pp. 200903 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yosri A. Fahim ◽

Nevin E. Sharaf ◽

Ibrahim W. Hasani ◽

Eman A. Ragab ◽

Heba K. Abdelhakim

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Thyroid Function ◽

Blood Lead ◽

Research Centre ◽

Blood Lead Levels ◽

Control Group ◽

Exposed Workers ◽

Occupationally Exposed ◽

Lead Levels ◽

Foundry Workers

Background. Exposure to lead (Pb) has been associated with endocrine, hematological, gastrointestinal, renal and neurological problems in humans. However, effects on the thyroid gland are controversial. Objectives. The aim of the present study was to assess thyroid function in foundry workers occupationally exposed to Pb and the mechanism of oxidative-antioxidant imbalance. Methods. Thyroid function parameters and markers of oxidative stress were examined in 59 adult males who had been occupationally exposed to Pb. The results were then compared to those of 28 male subjects who had no history of Pb exposure or thyroid abnormalities and served as a control group. Results. Mean blood lead levels (16.5±1.74 μg/dl) were significantly higher among the exposed workers compared to those of the control group (12.8±1.16 μg/dl, (p <0.001)). The exposed group had significantly increased free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4) and significantly decreased thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) (1.77±0.44 μIU/ml), whereas the control group had a TSH level of 2.61±0.94 μIU/ml (p< 0.0001). A state of oxidative stress was indicated by the significant increase in mean levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and significant decrease in glutathione (GSH) (p < 0.0001). There was a significant positive correlation (r=0.358, p <0.05) between blood lead levels (BLL) and duration of employment, while BLL showed a significant negative correlation with TSH (r =−0.486, p <0.001), and GSH (r =−0.336, p <0.05). Of the occupationally exposed workers, 32.76% had elevated thyroid hormones. The results showed a significant positive relationship between GSH and TSH (β coefficient=0.274, p < 0.05), MDA with FT3 (β coefficient=0.355, p < 0.05) and FT4 (β coefficient = 0.491, p < 0.0001) among exposed workers. Conclusions. Workers exposed to Pb dust proved to be at risk for hyperthyroidism, which was found to have a significant role in oxidative–antioxidant imbalance present among workers with increasing duration of exposure. Participant Consent. Obtained Ethics Approval. This study was approved by the Ethical Committee of the National Research Centre in Egypt (NRC) under the registration number 15225. Competing Interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests.

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8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels in urinary samples of pesticide sprayers on exposure to organophosphorus pesticides

International Journal of Clinical Trials ◽

10.18203/2349-3259.ijct20150593 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 59 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

B. P. Mishra ◽

Z. G. Badade ◽

Bhupinder Kaur Anand ◽

Jhansi Lakshmi Lingidi ◽

Sapna Jaiswal

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Oxidative Dna Damage ◽

Organophosphorus Pesticides ◽

Farm Workers ◽

Control Group ◽

Human Populations ◽

Mean Values ◽

Exposure Effect ◽

Invasive Techniques

Background: Free radicals and other reactive species are constantly generated in vivo and cause oxidative damage to biomolecules. DNA is probably the most biologically significant target of oxidative attack. Among numerous types of oxidative DNA damage the formation of 8-hydroxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is a sensitive biomarker of oxidative stress, an adduct formed as a result of biochemical reaction between ROS and DNA. Chronic exposure to Organophosphorus (OP) pesticides is implicated in many health conditions that result from the induction of oxidative stress, including cytogenetic damage. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the biochemical levels of 8-OHdG in spot urinary samples under the exposed OP pesticide sprayers and farm workers. Methods: In this study, 51 male pesticide sprayers and 39 farm workers in the age group of 18-47 years having exposure ranged from 3 to 15 years in duration were selected. The referents (n=31) were selected on the same criteria as well as they were never exposed to pesticides at any time. This study was conducted during the growing season (January, 2009 – September, 2010). The most commonly used OP pesticides like chlorpyriphos, Diazinon, Dimethioate, Monocrotofos etc., were used in this study. Urine samples from each participant were taken in sterile tubes and were stored at -200C till analysed. The concentration of 8-OHdG in samples were analyzed using ELISA.Results: The urinary levels of 8-OHdG were found to be significantly higher in the farm workers and pesticide sprayers in contrast to the level observed in the control group (p<0.05). When the data was analyzed in the exposed groups in relation to duration of exposure it was found that both the farm workers and sprayers who were exposed to OP pesticides for less than 5 years showed the maximum mean values of 8-OHdG in comparison to those exposed to for more than 10 years.Conclusions: In view of this regular bio monitoring studies in target human populations are imperative necessary due to frequent changes in pesticide formulations and introduction of newer pesticides. Despite that several life style factors may influence the urinary concentrations of 8-OHdG but still this non-invasive bio-marker 8-OHdG is preferred over other invasive techniques to evaluate the environmental and occupational exposure effect of OP pesticides on the genotoxicity of the exposed workers.

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Evaluation of Genotoxic Effects of Asbestos on Occupationally Exposed Workers in Brazil

Biomonitoring ◽

10.1515/bimo-2016-0004 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Isabele C. Costa Amaral ◽

Francisco J. Guimarães Joca ◽

Leandro V. B. Carvalho ◽

Vinicio S. Castro ◽

Natália C. Pereira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Comet Assay ◽

Asbestos Exposure ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Exposed Group ◽

Chrysotile Asbestos ◽

Glutathione S Transferase ◽

Genotoxic Effects ◽

Genotoxic Damage ◽

Occupationally Exposed

Abstract Genotoxic effects of occupational workers exposed to asbestos can be evaluated using different biomarkers as oxidative stress enzymes in conjuction with comet assay. This study assessed changes to oxidative stress enzymatic parameters and genotoxic damage in workers occupationally exposed and non-exposed to chrysotile asbestos, who attended the outpatient Clinic of the Center for Worker Health Studies and Human Ecology (CESTEH/ENSP/FIOCRUZ) in Brazil. Chest radiography and spirometry were performed to assess clinical progression of symptoms. The traditional visual score comet assay in peripheral whole blood cells was used to assess DNA damage, and oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities. Respiratory alterations were observed in 53% of workers exposed, as determined by pulmonary function and bronchodilation, and 6 workers were diagnosed with asbestosis. The comet assay was statistically significantly higher in the exposed group and individuals with asbestosis compared to the non-exposed group and individuals without asbestosis, respectively. Linear regression analysis showed that 28,4% and 50,5% of comet assay results were increased by exposure to asbestos and developed asbestosis. The results of CAT and GST were not difference between the groups. These results supports the association of genotoxic damage and the onset of asbestosis by chrysotile asbestos exposure in workers of this study.

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Oxidative stress as a molecular mechanism of exposure to organophosphorus pesticides. A Review-

Current Protein and Peptide Science ◽

10.2174/1389203722666211122092309 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

Author(s):

Eva Ortega Freyre ◽

Alfredo Tellez Valencia ◽

Dealmy Delgadillo Guzmán ◽

Irais Castillo Maldonado ◽

Laura Ernestina Barragán Ledezma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Oxidative Damage ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Organophosphorus Pesticides ◽

Relevant Literature ◽

Cellular Level ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Occupationally Exposed ◽

Clinical Conditions

: Exposure to organophosphorus pesticides is an important public health issue due to a large number of occupationally exposed populations, as well as their effects mainly at the level of the nervous, reproductive, and immune systems. It has been reported that one of the molecular mechanisms by which adverse effects of exposure to organophosphorus pesticides can be explained is oxidative stress, which leads to alterations at the cellular level that, if chronic, could affect the functionality of different organs and tissues. These data constitute the basis of the relevant literature on its toxicity. The induction of oxidative damage, which has been referred to, increases the occurrence of processes such as eryptosis and/or hemolysis in erythrocytes that promote greater susceptibility to clinical conditions such as anemia, dehydration, and chronic kidney disease. Thus, it is mentioned that the determination of oxidative damage parameters could be useful to monitor occupationally exposed peopleby exploring their oxidative status. This review focuses on presenting the state of knowledge in recent years on the toxicity of organophosphorus pesticides and their relationship with the oxidative damage evaluated in erythrocytes.

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Selenium, oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in handicraft workers occupationally exposed to lead

Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health ◽

10.1080/19338244.2021.1968780 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Gangam Saikiran ◽

Prasenjit Mitra ◽

Shailja Sharma ◽

PVSN Kiran Kumar ◽

Praveen Sharma

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Inflammatory Markers ◽

Occupationally Exposed

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