scholarly journals Systematization and Description of Arterial Vascularization of the Paleopallia Area on the Brain Surface of Chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera)

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cristina Pacheco de Araújo ◽  
Rui Campos
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Basilar Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Arterial System ◽  
Caudal Portion ◽  
Spinal Cord Segment ◽  
Arterial Vascularization ◽  
The Brain

Background: Chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera) is a small rodent that in recent years has been increasingly used as a laboratory animal by different researchers. Brain irrigation is the object of study by several authors, being chinchilla classified as a vertebrobasillary animal, that is, it does not depend on the internal carotid artery to originate its cerebral arterial vascularization. Thus, the objective of this study was to systematize and describe the branches of the rostral, middle and caudal cerebral arteries that vascularized the paleopallia area of the chinchilla. Materials, Methods & Results: Thirty Chinchilla lanigera brains were used in this study, 17 females and 13 adult males from farms in the municipalities of Viamão and Santa Maria in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The animals were heparinized, with 5000 IU / animal, and after 30 min were sacrificed with 8 mL / 2.5% sodium thiopental animal, both intraperitoneally. The thoracic cavity was opened, the cardiac apex sectioned and the aortic arch was cannulated through the left ventricle. The arterial system was flushed with 0.9% cooled saline, 100mL / animal and then filled with 603 latex stained red with specific dye. The skin was recessed and a bone window opened in the cranial vault. Thus the pieces were fixed in 20% formaldehyde for seven days and after this period, the brain with a cervical spinal cord segment was removed and ventral schematic drawings of all preparations were prepared. The Veterinary Anatomical Nomina (2017) was used to name the cerebral arteries and their branches and for the statistical analysis of the results, the percentage calculation was applied. Brain irrigation in the chinchilla was supplied by the basilar artery, which was formed by anastomosis of the terminal branches of the right and left vertebral arteries, in the most caudal portion of the oblong medulla. The paleopallia areas corresponded to the olfactory trine, lateral brain fossa, piriform lobe, bulb and olfactory peduncle, and the medial and lateral olfactory tracts. Irrigation of the chinchilla paleopallia area was supplied by central branches from the caudal, middle and rostral cerebral arteries, and by the central branches originating from the terminal branches of the basilar artery.Discussion: Justifying the discussion about the systematization and description of arterial vascularization of the paleopallia area of the chinchilla brain, it was compared to other species such as wild boar, nutria, rabbit and greasy of the field, because only in these animals were found references on the subject. . The central branches of the cerebral arteries were mainly responsible for the irrigation of the paleopallia areas of the chinchilla brain, as well as in the species already mentioned. Due to the variation of the types of arterial vascularization in each of these species, small differences were observed, and these central vessels may also be emitted from the rostral branch of the internal carotid artery, such as in the rabbit and fatty grapefruit, or from the brain carotid artery as in wildboar. Similarities between chinchilla and nutria were also observed, and these central branches may originate from the terminal branches of the basilar artery in both species.

scholarly journals The arteries of the brain base in the degu (Octodon degus Molina 1782)

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 343-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Brudnicki ◽  
B. Skoczylas ◽  
R. Jablonski ◽  
W. Nowicki ◽  
A. Brudnicki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Basilar Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Left Vertebral Artery ◽  
Brain Arteries ◽  
Middle Cerebral Arteries ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Synthetic Latex

The brain arteries derived from 50 adult degu individuals of both sexes were injected with synthetic latex introduced with a syringe into the left ventricle of the heart under constant pressure. After fixation in 5% formalin and brain preparation, it was found that the sources of the brain’s supply of blood are vertebral arteries and the basilar artery formed as a result of their anastomosis. The basilar artery gave rise to caudal cerebellar arteries and then divided into two branches which formed the arterial circle of the brain. The internal carotid arteries in degus, except for one case, were heavily reduced and did not play an important role in the blood supply to the brain. The arterial circle of the brain in 48% of the cases was open from the rostral side. Variation was identified in the anatomy and the pattern of the arteries of the base of the brain in the degu which involved an asymmetry of the descent of caudal cerebellar arteries (6.0%), rostral cerebellar arteries (8%) as well as middle cerebral arteries (12%). In 6% of the individuals double middle cerebral arteries were found. In one out of 50 cases there was observed a reduction in the left vertebral artery and the appearance of the internal carotid artery on the same side. In that case the left part of the arterial circle of the brain was supplied with blood by an internal carotid artery, which was present only in that animal.

scholarly journals Study of the blood supply of the brain in sheep

1999 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Khalid Kamil Kadhum
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Blood Supply ◽  
Basilar Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Ventral Surface ◽  
Circle Of Willis ◽  
Maxillary Artery ◽  
Cerebellar Artery ◽  
The Brain

The brain of the sheep receives its blood supply through the carotid rete and the basilar artery. The carotid rete formed of contribution of internal carotid artery and branches from maxillary artery. The internal carotid artery courses on the ventral surface of the cerebal crus to give the rostral cerebal artery and the caudal communicating artery . Thus , arteries excepted the middle cerebal artery forming with the same arteries of the opposite side , the cerebal arterial circle or circle of Willis. The internal caroted artery also gives off hypophysialartery to the  1999 ind, (1) swell, ügymielly wel dati', il pellilendiambell ileti  hypophysis. The caudal communicating artery give off the caudal cerebal artery and the rostral cerebellar artery and unite with the corresponding artery of the opposite side to form the basilar artery rostral to the pone . The basilar artery gives off the pontine artery , caudal cerebellar artery and the medullary branch. 

scholarly journals Anatomic study of the arterial vascularization of the brain base of paca (Cuniculus paca)

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 733-737
Author(s):  
Tais H.C. Sasahara ◽  
Vitória F.N.P. Fontes ◽  
Débora O. Garcia ◽  
Daniel W. Rocha ◽  
Fabrício S. Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Basilar Artery ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Optic Tract ◽  
Optic Chiasm ◽  
Arterial System ◽  
Medial Branch ◽  
Vertebrobasilar System ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain

ABSTRACT: Paca (Cuniculus paca Linnaeus, 1766), rodent belong to the Cuniculidae family, has encouraged numerous scientific researches and for this reason could be an experimental model in both human and veterinary areas. And recently, the economic exploitation of the meat cuts, has being direct implication in its zootechnical importance. However, no anatomical descriptions regarding the vascularization of the base of the brain in this rodent has being found. Thus, the aim of the present study was to describe the arteries and the pattern of the vasculature and to compare it with the other species already established in the literature. For this, five pacas, donated by the Unesp Jaboticabal Wildlife Sector, were euthanized followed by the vascular arterial system was injected with red-stained-centrifuged latex by the common carotid artery. After craniectomy, the brains were removed and the arteries were identified and, in addition, compared with those described in other animal species. The presence of the right and left vertebral arteries, close to the medulla oblongata, was detected, originating the basilar artery, which divided into the terminal branches of the right and left basilar artery. Ventral to the optic tract there was the right internal carotid artery and the left, dividing the middle cerebral artery and left rostral and right; dorsal to the optic chiasm, the medial branch of the rostral cerebral arteries was identified. Based on the results, it is concluded that the vascularization of the paca brain base is supplied by the carotid and vertebrobasilar system.

MOYA MOYA DISEASE- A REVIEW

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kollu Vnr Aishwarya ◽  
Ratnam Kv
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Collateral Circulation ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Secondary Bleeding ◽  
Moya Moya Disease ◽  
Cerebrovascular Occlusive Disease ◽  
The Brain

Moya moya syndrome is a specific chronic cerebrovascular occlusive disease first reported by Japanese surgeons in 1957. The disease moya moya, which is a Japanese mimetic word, gets its characteristic name due to the appearance of puff of smoke on relevant angiographs resultant from the tangle of tiny vessels in response to stenosis. This makes the blood to leak out of the arteries, causing pressure to the brain. It may cause ischemic attacks or cerebal infarction, which is more frequent in children than in adults. The highest peak is in childhood at less than 10 years of age. The disease causes constrictions primarily in the internal carotid artery, and often extends to the middle and anterior cerebral arteries, branches of the internal carotid artery inside the skull. When the internal carotid artery becomes completely blocked, the fine collateral circulation that it supplies is obliterated. The clinical features are strokes, recurrent transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), sensorimotor paralysis (numbness and paralysis of the extremities), convulsions and/or migraine -like headaches. Moreover, following a stroke, secondary bleeding may occur. Such bleeding, called hemorrhagic strokes.Treatment with perivascular sympathectomy and superior cervical ganglionectomy. Etiology of the disease is still unknown; however, multifactorial inheritance is considered possible because of a higher incidence of the disease in Japanese and Koreans and approximately 10% of familial occurrence among the Japanese. Recent genetic studies suggest some responsible genetic foci in chromosomes 3, 6 and 17.Keywords: Moyamoya disease, Intracranial hemorrhage, Proteomics, Stenosis.

scholarly journals The morphology of the circulus arteriosus cerebri in the ground squirrel (Spermophilus citellus)

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 537-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Aydin ◽  
S. Yilmaz ◽  
Z.E. Ozkan ◽  
R. Ilgun
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Basilar Artery ◽  
Ground Squirrel ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Ground Squirrels ◽  
Vertebral Arteries ◽  
Spermophilus Citellus ◽  
The Right

In this study, the circulus arteriosus cerebri of the ground squirrel (<i>Spermophilus citellus</i>) was investigated. Five ground squirrels were used as subjects. Coloured latex was injected from the left ventriculi of the hearts of all the squirrels. When the vertebral arteries of two of the animals were ligatured, it was found that there was no internal carotid artery. After careful dissection, the circulus arteriosus cerebri (the circle of Willis) was investigated. The right and left vertebral arteries gave rise to the caudal cerebellar artery before forming the basilar artery. The basilar artery formed the caudal communicans artery that was the caudal part of the circulus arteriosus cerebri on the pontocrural groove (sulcus pontocruralis). The caudal, medial, rostral cerebellar, the common root formed by the caudal cerebral and choroid arteries, the rostral choroid, the rostral and medial cerebral arteries arose from the vertebral, basilar and caudal communicans arteries and dispersed to the cerebrum and cerebellum from caudal to cranial. The termination and the branches of the rostral cerebral artery in ground squirrels varied. It was observed that the internal carotid artery does not supply the circulus arteriosus cerebri in ground squirrels.

Response of canine internal carotid system to acetylcholine

1991 ◽  
Vol 261 (5) ◽  
pp. H1392-H1396
Author(s):  
G. Dieguez ◽  
E. Nava-Hernandez ◽  
J. Valle ◽  
A. L. Garcia-Villalon ◽  
J. L. Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Arterial System ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Cervical Portion ◽  
The Brain

The reactivity of the canine internal carotid system to acetylcholine (10(-8)-10(-4) M) was studied isometrically with 4-mm cylindrical segments from cervical and cavernous portions of the internal carotid artery and from the middle cerebral artery. Under control conditions, the cervical portion relaxed to every dose, the cavernous portion relaxed at low concentrations (10(-8)-10(-6) M) and contracted at higher concentrations (10(-5)-10(-4) M), whereas the middle cerebral artery contracted to every dose of acetylcholine. These responses were blocked by atropine (10(-6) M). Without endothelium, the cervical portion exhibited a lower relaxation, the cavernous portion contracted, and the middle cerebral artery was practically unresponsive to acetylcholine. These responses were also blocked by atropine. It suggests that the reactivity of the internal carotid system to acetylcholine 1) is endothelium dependent and 2) changes as it courses toward the brain, and this could be related to different embryological origin of the components of this arterial system.

scholarly journals Arterial vascularization of the brain of the agouti (Dasyprocta aguti Linnaeus, 1766)

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 773-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Sávio Bessa da Silva ◽  
◽  
Gleidson Benevides de Oliveira ◽  
Carlos Magno Oliveira Junior ◽  
Ferdinando Vinicius Fernandes Bezerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Basilar Artery ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Ventral Surface ◽  
Terminal Branch ◽  
Medial Branch ◽  
Communicating Branch ◽  
Arterial Vascularization ◽  
The Brain

The agouti, a rodent that is geographically distributed throughout South America, is greatly valued for its meat. This paper describes the arterial vascularization of the base of the agouti’s brain, characterizing behavior, and arterial origin and distribution. Ten animals from the Center for the Multiplication of Wild Animals (CEMAS/UFERSA) were used and the study was approved by SISBIO (report number 32413- 1) and the Ethics Committee on Animal Use (CEUA/UFERSA) (protocol 02/2010). After euthanasia, the animals were incised in the thoracic cavity by an injection of red-stained Neoprene latex 650 and the skulls were subsequently opened. The brains were extracted from the skulls for ventral surface analysis and then fixed in an aqueous 10% formaldehyde solution. The agouti’s arterial vascularization of the brain has two main components, namely the carotid and vertebrobasilar systems. The agouti’s carotid system accounts for vascularization of almost the entire forebrain, while the vertebrobasilar system accounts for vascularization of almost the entire posterior brain (medulla oblongata, pyramid, trapezoid body, cerebellum, bridge, and part of the third caudal section of the forebrain) through the caudal cerebral arteries originating from the terminal branches of the basilar artery. The main arteries on the brain surface include the basilar artery, which is unique, and the arterial pairs, specifically the vertebral arteries, cerebellar caudal arteries, trigeminal artery, rostral cerebellar artery, basilar terminal branch artery, cerebral caudal artery, communicating caudal branch of the cerebral carotid artery, cerebral carotid artery, communicating branch rostral cerebral carotid artery, choroidal rostral artery, medial branch of the communicating branch rostral artery, internal ophthalmic artery, middle cerebral artery, and rostral cerebral artery.

scholarly journals Domestic cat’s internal carotid artery in ontogenesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Ziemak ◽  
H Frackowiak ◽  
M Zdun
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Precise Description ◽  
Adult Cats ◽  
The Brain

The aim of the study was to trace the presence of the internal carotid artery in the system of cerebral arteries of the domestic cat and to determine the role of this artery in supplying blood to the brain in ontogenesis. The available publications provide ambiguous or even contradictory information. The authors of some studies claim that there is no extracranial segment in the domestic cat’s internal carotid artery. Other authors reported the internal carotid artery in the arterial pattern of the encephalon base. The study was conducted on sixty-one domestic cats: fifteen foetuses, sixteen juvenile cats, and thirty adult cats were analysed. The internal carotid artery – a vessel with a relatively large lumen – was fully preserved in all the foetuses and most of the juvenile animals. This artery was not complete with regard to the adults and some juvenile individuals, because it had lost the extracranial segment as a result of the obliteration process. A precise description of this area is not only of biological, but also of clinical, significance. The knowledge of the anatomical structure of cerebral vessels is particularly important to correctly interpret images obtained during diagnostic tests and to conduct surgical procedures correctly.

scholarly journals Right Internal Carotid Artery and Basilar Artery Aneurysms After New Coronavirus Infection COVID-19 in Adolescent: Clinical Case

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 385-391
Author(s):  
Dina S. Rusinova ◽  
Mikhail A. Martakov ◽  
Soslan B. Medoev ◽  
Ludmila V. Ryzhuk ◽  
Vyacheslav V. Yazev
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Basilar Artery ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain

The number of people infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus causing COVID-19 is steadily growing around the world. Given the fact that the disease is new, it is necessary to study the characteristics of its spreading and clinical course, including pediatric population. The article  presents clinical case of COVID-19 in 15-year-old child with the development of thrombosed basilar artery aneurysm that compressed the brain stem in the pons and subarachnoid hemorrhage, the development of a fusiform aneurysm of the right internal carotid artery. These pathologies were later complicated by right-sided hemiparesis. The importance of inter-clinical interaction of physicians of all specialties and the need for early rehabilitation at the outpatient stage of treatment in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic were shown.

Blood-brain barrier transport of neuropeptides: analysis with a metabolically stable dermorphin analogue

1994 ◽  
Vol 267 (1) ◽  
pp. E124-E131 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Samii ◽  
U. Bickel ◽  
U. Stroth ◽  
W. M. Pardridge
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Lipid Solubility ◽  
Permeability Surface ◽  
Bbb Permeability ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Artery Perfusion ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery Perfusion

To avoid the confounding effect of metabolic degradation, the stable mu-opioid peptide agonist [D-Arg2,Lys4]-dermorphin analogue (DALDA) was used to quantitate blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability by intravenous injection and internal carotid artery perfusion techniques. With intravenous injection, the BBB permeability-surface area products for [3H]DALDA (0.84 +/- 0.13 microliters.min-1.g-1) and [14C]sucrose (0.39 +/- 0.05 microliters.min-1.g-1) correlated with the lipid solubility of the two molecules: the 1-octanol-Ringer partition coefficient for DALDA was approximately 2 log orders greater than that for sucrose. The brain delivery of [3H]DALDA at 30 min after intravenous administration was 0.019 +/- 0.002% of the injected dose per gram, and analgesia was induced with a 5-mg/kg dose administered systemically. In contrast to the result after intravenous injection, the BBB permeability-surface area product for DALDA estimated with the internal carotid artery perfusion technique was manyfold greater. This was due to nonspecific absorption of the peptide into the cerebral microvasculature, which precluded use of the capillary depletion technique to study transcytosis through the BBB after internal carotid artery perfusion. The present studies show that the brain delivery of a metabolically stable peptide, such as DALDA, is comparable to that for sucrose, correlates with lipid solubility, and is mediated by a nonsaturable mechanism, probably free diffusion.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document