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Animals ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Mariya N. Erofeeva ◽  
Galina S. Alekseeva ◽  
Mariya D. Kim ◽  
Pavel A. Sorokin ◽  
Sergey V. Naidenko

Inbreeding and low diversity in MHC genes are considered to have a negative effect on reproductive success in animals. This study presents an analysis of the number and body mass of offspring in domestic cat, depending on the inbreeding coefficient and the degree of similarity in MHC genes of class I and II in parents. Inbred partners had a lower number of live kittens at birth than outbred ones. At the same time, the inbreeding coefficient did not affect the litter size and the number of offspring who survived until the period of transition to solid food. The most significant predictor for the number of surviving offspring was the degree of parental similarity in MHC genes: the parents with the maximum distance in MHC genes had more survived kittens. Moreover, this effect was most pronounced immediately after birth. A significant percentage of kittens from parents with a minimum distance in MHC genes were either stillborn or died on the first day after birth. By the age of transition to solid food, this effect is no longer so pronounced. Furthermore, neither the inbreeding coefficient nor the distance in MHC genes of parents had any effect on the body mass of kittens.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuki Takahashi ◽  
Yasuyuki Kaneko ◽  
Akiko Shibanai ◽  
Shushi Yamamoto ◽  
Ayana Katagiri ◽  
...  

The hepatitis B virus (Hepadnaviridae) induces chronic hepatitis and hepatic cancer in humans. A novel domestic cat hepadnavirus (DCH) was recently identified in several countries, however, the DCH infection status of cats in Japan is unknown. Therefore, we investigated the DCH infection rate of 139 cat samples collected in Japan. We identified one positive blood sample (0.78%) from a 17-year-old female cat with chronically elevated alanine aminotransferase. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the DCH strain identified in this study is genetically distinct from strains in other countries. Further investigations are required to elucidate the evolution of DCH and the impact of DCH infection on hepatic diseases in domestic cats.


2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Willi ◽  
Marina L. Meli ◽  
Chiara Cafarelli ◽  
Urs O. Gilli ◽  
Anja Kipar ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Cytauxzoon spp. infection is believed to be a newly emerging tick-borne disease in felids in Europe, with three species of the haemoparasite having recently been differentiated in wild felids. In Switzerland, rare infections have been documented in domestic cats in the west and northwest of the country, the first of which was in 2014. The aims of the present study were: (i) to characterize a Cytauxzoon spp. hotspot in domestic cats in central Switzerland; (ii) to elucidate the geographic distribution of Cytauxzoon spp. in domestic cats in Switzerland; (iii) to assess suspected high-risk populations, such as stray and anaemic cats; and (iv) to investigate the newly emerging nature of the infection. Cytauxzoon spp. were further differentiated using mitochondrial gene sequencing. Methods The overall study included samples from 13 cats from two households in central Switzerland (study A), 881 cats from all regions of Switzerland (study B), 91 stray cats from a hotspot region in the northwest of Switzerland and 501 anaemic cats from across Switzerland (study C), and 65 Swiss domestic cats sampled in 2003 and 34 European wildcats from eastern France sampled in the period 1995–1996 (study D). The samples were analysed for Cytauxzoon spp. using real-time TaqMan quantitative PCR, and positive samples were subjected to 18S rRNA, cytochrome b (CytB) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequencing. Results In study A, six of 13 cats from two neighbouring households in central Switzerland tested postive for Cytauxzoon spp.; two of the six infected cats died from bacterial infections. In studies B and C, only one of the 881 cats (0.1%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0–0.3%) in the countrywide survey and one of the 501 anaemic cats (0.2%; 95% CI: 0–0.6%) tested postive for Cytauxzoon spp. while eight of the 91 stray cats in the northwest of Switzerland tested positive (8.8%; 95% CI: 3.0–14.6%). In study D, Cytauxzoon spp. was detected in one of the 65 domestic cat samples from 2003 (1.5%; 95% CI: 0–4.5%) and in ten of the 34 European wildcat samples from 1995 to 1996 (29%; 95% CI: 14.2–44.7%). The isolates showed ≥ 98.6% sequence identities among the 18S rRNA, CytB and COI genes, respectively, and fell in the subclade Cytauxzoon europaeus based on CytB and COI gene phylogenetic analyses. Conclusions The study challenges the newly emerging nature of Cytauxzoon spp. in central Europe and confirms that isolates from domestic cats in Switzerland and European wild felids belong to the same species. Graphical Abstract


Author(s):  
Camila Pereira Silva ◽  
Celso José Bruno de Oliveira ◽  
Elma Lima Leite ◽  
Samuel Paulo Cibulski ◽  
Magda Fernandes ◽  
...  

2022 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
L. P. Alcaráz ◽  
G. R. Leal ◽  
T. A. Oliveira ◽  
P. V. S. Pereira ◽  
L. F. L. Correia ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Zahrah Prawita Andarini ◽  
Soedarmanto Indarjulianto ◽  
Alfarisa Nururrozi ◽  
Yanuartono Yanuartono ◽  
Slamet Raharjo

Abstract Stomatitis is an inflammation that occurs in the oral mucosal tissue, characterized by ulcers. This case study aims to diagnose and treat stomatitis in a cat. A 7-month-old female domestic cat weighing 2.7 kg with lethargy, lost of appetite, decreased thirst, and was having sores for 2 days was examined. The cat was examined physically include anamnesis, an inspection of body condition and eating behavior, palpation of the skin, hair, and parts of the body that can be palpated, and auscultation of the thorax and abdomen. The blood sample that was examined includes the erythrocyte count, hemoglobin value, leukocytes count, and their differentials. Physical examination results showed hyperemic gingival, swollen submandibular and retropharyngeal lymphoglandula, and there were multiple ulcers on the lips and tongue. Hematological examination showed thrombocytopenia and monocytosis. The stomatitis was diagnosed to the cat with a good prognosis. Therapy was given for 5 consecutive days in the form of intramuscular injection of Amoxycillin 10 mg/kg BW twice daily, intramuscular injection of diphenhydramine HCl 1 mg/kg BW once daily, subcutaneous injection of 0.5 ml vitamin C once daily, oral administration of 0.5 ml multivitamin twice daily, and povidone-iodine for gargle twice a day applied lightly to the lesion area. Stomatitis in this case study was cured within 5 days by treating with amoxicillin, diphenhydramine HCl, vitamin C, multivitamins, and topical povidone-iodine. Keywords: Amoxicillin; Cat; Stomatitis; Vitamin C.   Abstrak Stomatitis merupakan radang yang terjadi pada jaringan mukosa mulut yang ditandai adanya ulser. Studi kasus ini bertujuan melakukan diagnosis dan pengobatan stomatitis pada kucing. Studi kasus ini melaporkan seekor kucing domestik betina umur 7 bulan dengan berat badan 2,7 kg dengan keluhan lesu, tidak ada nafsu makan dan minum, serta menderita sariawan sejak 2 hari sebelum diperiksa. Kucing diperiksa secara fisik meliputi anamnesa, inspeksi terhadap kondisi tubuh dan perilaku makan, palpasi terhadap kulit, rambut, dan permukaan tubuh lainnya, serta auskultasi pada daerah thorax dan abdomen. Sampel darah kucing diperiksa terhadap jumlah eritrosit kadar hemoglobin, jumlah leukosit dan diferensialnya. Hasil pemeriksaan fisik menunjukkan  limfoglandula submandibula dan retropharingeal bengkak, gingiva hiperemi serta adanya ulser multiple pada bibir dan lidah. Hasil pemeriksaan darah menunjukkan trombositopenia dan monositosis. Berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan kucing didiagnosis stomatitis dengan prognosis fausta. Kucing diberi terapi selama 5 hari berupa amoxicilin dosis 10 mg/kg BB dua kali sehari secara intramuskuler, dyphenhidramin HCl 1 mg/kg BB satu kali sehari secara intramuskuler, vitamin C sebanyak 0,5 ml satu kali sehari secara subkutan, multivitamin sebanyak 0,5 ml dua kali sehari secara per oral, dan povidone iodine dua kali sehari dioleskan pada lesi stomatitis. Stomatitis pada kasus ini dapat disembuhkan dalam waktu 5 hari dengan pemberian amoxicilin, dipenhidramin HCl, vitamin C, multivitamin secara sistemik dan povidone iodine secara topikal. Kata kunci:  Amoksisilin; Kucing; Stomatitis; Vitamin c


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