Edge disturbance shapes liana diversity and abundance but not liana-tree interaction network patterns in moist semi-deciduous forests, Ghana

We evaluated the response of liana community structure and the patterns of liana-tree interaction structure to forest edge in two moist semi-deciduous forests in Ghana (Asenanyo and Suhuma Forest Reserves: AFR and SFR, respectively). Liana community structure and liana-tree interactions were assessed in 24 50 × 50 m randomly located plots in three forest sites in each forest: edge, interior and deep-interior established at 0-50 m, 200 m and 400 m from edge. Edge effects positively and negatively influenced liana diversity in forest edges of AFR and SFR, respectively. There was a positive influence of edge disturbance on liana abundance in both forests. More liana species experienced positive magnitude of edge influence (MEI) on their abundance. We observed anti-nested structure in all the liana-tree networks in AFR, while no nestedness was observed in the three networks in SFR. The networks in both forests were less connected, and more modular and specialised than their null models. Many liana and tree species were specialised, with the specialisation tending to be symmetrical. Topologically, most of the species were peripherals, with only a few connectors, module hubs, and network hubs. Some of the species showed consistency in their topological roles from one site to another, while the roles of other species changed. Generally, liana species co-occurred randomly on tree species in all the forest sites except edge site in the Asenanyo Forest Reserve. The findings of the study deepen our understanding of liana-tree interactions, provide implications for conservation, and may contribute to development of a robust edge theory.

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Nematode communities of anthropogenous birch stands in central Finland

Nematology ◽

10.1163/156854103322683346 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 629-639 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Mika Räty ◽

Veikko Huhta

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Relative Proportion ◽

Deciduous Forests ◽

Managed Forests ◽

Natural Forests ◽

Arable Soils ◽

Nematode Communities ◽

Clear Cutting ◽

Forest Sites ◽

Spruce Stands

Abstract This study compared the nematode communities in anthropogenous birch (Betula pendula) stands of different origin with each other and with natural forests and arable soils at the same latitude in Finland and Scandinavia. Nine forest sites were investigated in central Finland: three birch stands planted ca 30 years prior to the study after the clear-cutting of spruce stands (BS), three birch stands planted ca 30 years earlier on arable soil (BF) and three natural deciduous forests (D). There were clear differences between the birch stands established after spruce forest and after arable cropping, and between these and deciduous forests, but even more between replicates of similarly managed forests. Total numbers, species diversity, and populations of most taxa and feeding groups were the lowest in BF sites. The relative proportion of bacterial feeders and omnivores was higher and that of plant feeders lower in BS than in D sites. The BS sites were relatively similar in community structure to natural deciduous forests, and BF were dissimilar to both, although one deciduous site was similar to one BF site. Non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination placed the three BS sites in one cluster, while the BF sites were clearly separated from these and from each other. Several environmental variables related to soil moisture and acidity contributed to explain the variation in community structure. A hypothesis is suggested that the presence of burrowing earthworms plays a role in regulating populations of nematodes.

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Tree Species Shape Soil Bacterial Community Structure and Function in Temperate Deciduous Forests

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2019.01519 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Amélie Dukunde ◽

Dominik Schneider ◽

Marcus Schmidt ◽

Edzo Veldkamp ◽

Rolf Daniel

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Bacterial Community ◽

Tree Species ◽

Bacterial Community Structure ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Deciduous Forests ◽

Soil Bacterial Community Structure ◽

Temperate Deciduous ◽

Temperate Deciduous Forests ◽

And Function

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Woody Species Colonization along Edge-Interior Gradients of Deciduous Forest Remnants in the Mae Khum Mee Watershed, Northern Thailand

International Journal of Forestry Research ◽

10.1155/2020/5867376 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lamthai Asanok ◽

Rungrawee Taweesuk ◽

Nitpavaridsa Papakjan

Keyword(s):

Environmental Factors ◽

Tree Species ◽

Physical Environment ◽

Deciduous Forest ◽

Woody Species ◽

Forest Edge ◽

Deciduous Forests ◽

Recruitment Limitation ◽

Primary Forest ◽

Generalist Species

This study investigated the environmental factors and tree species characteristics that are important for the colonization of edge-interior gradients, for later application to the restoration of edge-transition areas created by highland agriculture in deciduous forests in the Mae Khum Mee watershed, northwest Thailand. Three belt plots (100 × 10 m) were established at the transition from the forest edge to the interior of two deciduous forest types (mixed deciduous forest [MDF] and deciduous dipterocarp forest [DDF]), for a total of six belt plots. The species composition of canopy trees and regenerated seedlings and saplings was assessed, together with several environmental factors. We analyzed the relative importance of the physical environment and recruitment limitation was evaluated in relation to the regeneration traits of tree species. The results indicated that it was difficult for DDF and MDF species to effectively colonize the near-edge areas of the forests, primarily because the key factors related to seedling and sapling colonization (i.e., recruitment limitation, the physical environment, and factors related to forest structure) did not match the edge environment. Generalist species experienced much less recruitment limitation along the edge-interior gradients of both DDFs and MDFs. Generalists such as Pterocarpus macrocarpus, Dalbergia cultrata, and Vitex pinnata exhibited more successful establishment under conditions at the edges of both deciduous forests. These findings suggest that the natural regeneration of generalist species can be utilized as a first step in forest-edge restoration due to their facilitation of subsequent colonization by primary forest species.

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KARAKTERISTIK KERUSAKAN HUTAN RAWA GAMBUT TROPIS TERDEGRADASI DI KALIMANTAN TENGAH

Jurnal Hutan Tropis ◽

10.20527/jht.v5i2.4363 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 99

Author(s):

Dony Rachmanadi ◽

Eny Faridah ◽

Sumardi Sumardi ◽

Peter van Der Meer

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Tree Species ◽

Forest Degradation ◽

Forest Edge ◽

Swamp Forest ◽

Peat Swamp Forest ◽

Species Dominance ◽

Peat Swamp ◽

Disturbance Gradient ◽

Forest Concessions

Peat swamp forest concessions and managements in Central Kalimantan have caused forest degradation resulting in the occurrence of forest fragmentation. The efforts on ecosystem restoration should be made based on the characteristics of fragmented peat swamp forest. This study aimed to find out the characteristics of degraded peat swamp forest assessed from the indicators of tree species diversity, community structure, and species dominance as well as their relationships with environmental conditions in various situations of fragmentation. The diversity of tree species tends to decrease following disturbance gradient, where the lowest was found near the edge. The community structure of the forest edge was dominated by small stand (diameter class of 6-10 cm) and dominated by Combretocarpus rotundatus of 60%. This condition was affected by environmental factors (67,2% - 71,8%): competition, site condition, microclimate and inundation.Keywords: disturbance characteristics; peat swamp forests; diversity; environmental factorsPengusahaan dan pengelolaan hutan rawa gambut selama ini di Kalimantan Tengah ternyata menyebabkan kerusakan yang menyebabkan hutan rawa gambut terfragmentasi. Usaha perbaikan ekosistem tersebut harus berdasarkan pada karakteristik dari ekosistem hutan rawa gambut yang terfragmentasi tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari karakteristik hutan rawa gambut terdegradasi yang terdiri dari indikator keanekaragaman jenis pohon, struktur komunitas, dan dominansi jenis serta hubungannya dengan kondisi lingkungan yang dilihat pada berbagai kondisi fragmentasi. Keanekaragaman jenis pohon semakin jauh dari hutan semakin rendah begitu juga dengan jumlah jenis dan kerapatan vegetasinya. Struktur komunitas pada bagian tepi hutan didominasi oleh tegakan berukuran kecil (kelas diameter 6-10cm) dan dominansi jenisnya hanya terpusat pada sedikit jenis dimana jenis Combretocarpus rotundatus mencapai 60%. Kondisi tersebut dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan (67,2% - 71,8%) yaitu kompetisi dan kondisi lahan serta iklim mikro dan tinggi muka air tanah (genangan).Kata Kunci : karakteristik kerusakan; hutan rawa gambut; keanekaragaman; faktor lingkungan

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Effect of long-term industrial pollution on microorganisms in soil of deciduous forests situated along a pollution gradient next to a fertilizer factory 3. Species diversity and community structure of soil fungi

Ekologija ◽

10.2478/v10055-010-0019-3 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 56 (3) ◽

pp. 132-143 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Dalė Pečiulytė ◽

Vaidilutė Dirginčiutė-Volodkienė

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Species Diversity ◽

Industrial Pollution ◽

Soil Fungi ◽

Deciduous Forests ◽

Pollution Gradient

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How do tree species characteristics affect the bacterial community structure of subtropical natural mixed forests?

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144633 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 764 ◽

pp. 144633

Author(s):

Hanjiang Nie ◽

Tianling Qin ◽

Denghua Yan ◽

Xizhi Lv ◽

Jianwei Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Bacterial Community ◽

Tree Species ◽

Bacterial Community Structure ◽

Mixed Forests ◽

Species Characteristics

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The composition and diversity of natural regeneration of tree species in gaps under different intensities of forest disturbance

Journal of Forestry Research ◽

10.1007/s11676-020-01269-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Maame Esi Hammond ◽

Radek Pokorný ◽

Daniel Okae-Anti ◽

Augustine Gyedu ◽

Irene Otwuwa Obeng

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Natural Regeneration ◽

Forest Disturbance ◽

Forest Site ◽

Gap Formation ◽

Tree Species Composition ◽

Forest Sites ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Shade Tolerant Species ◽

Disturbed Forest

AbstractThe positive ecological interaction between gap formation and natural regeneration has been examined but little research has been carried out on the effects of gaps on natural regeneration in forests under different intensities of disturbance. This study evaluates the composition, diversity, regeneration density and abundance of natural regeneration of tree species in gaps in undisturbed, intermittently disturbed, and disturbed forest sites. Bia Tano Forest Reserve in Ghana was the study area and three gaps each were selected in the three forest site categories. Ten circular subsampling areas of 1 m2 were delineated at 2 m spacing along north, south, east, and west transects within individual gaps. Data on natural regeneration < 350 cm height were gathered. The results show that the intensity of disturbance was disproportional to gap size. Species diversity differed significantly between undisturbed and disturbed sites and, also between intermittently disturbed and disturbed sites for Simpson’s (1-D), Equitability (J), and Berger–Parker (B–P) indices. However, there was no significant difference among forest sites for Shannon diversity (H) and Margalef richness (MI) indices. Tree species composition on the sites differed. Regeneration density on the disturbed site was significantly higher than on the two other sites. Greater abundance and density of shade-dependent species on all sites identified them as opportunistic replacements of gap-dependent pioneers. Pioneer species giving way to shade tolerant species is a natural process, thus make them worst variant in gap regeneration.

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Wood-inhabiting fungal responses to forest naturalness vary among morpho-groups

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-93900-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Purhonen Jenna ◽

Abrego Nerea ◽

Komonen Atte ◽

Huhtinen Seppo ◽

Kotiranta Heikki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Boreal Forests ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Important Variable ◽

Host Tree ◽

Conservation Areas ◽

Fungal Community Composition ◽

Forest Sites ◽

Protected Forests ◽

Host Tree Species

AbstractThe general negative impact of forestry on wood-inhabiting fungal diversity is well recognized, yet the effect of forest naturalness is poorly disentangled among different fungal groups inhabiting dead wood of different tree species. We studied the relationship between forest naturalness, log characteristics and diversity of different fungal morpho-groups inhabiting large decaying logs of similar quality in spruce dominated boreal forests. We sampled all non-lichenized fruitbodies from birch, spruce, pine and aspen in 12 semi-natural forest sites of varying level of naturalness. The overall fungal community composition was mostly determined by host tree species. However, when assessing the relevance of the environmental variables separately for each tree species, the most important variable varied, naturalness being the most important explanatory variable for fungi inhabiting pine and aspen. More strikingly, the overall species richness increased as the forest naturalness increased, both at the site and log levels. At the site scale, the pattern was mostly driven by the discoid and pyrenoid morpho-groups inhabiting pine, whereas at the log scale, it was driven by pileate and resupinate morpho-groups inhabiting spruce. Although our study demonstrates that formerly managed protected forests serve as effective conservation areas for most wood-inhabiting fungal groups, it also shows that conservation planning and management should account for group- or host tree -specific responses.

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