Effect of Drum Pressure on Flow Accelerated Corrosion in Gas Fired Combined Cycle Power Plant: A Case Study and Literature Review

The dissolution of ferrous ions from the protective oxide layer and/or base metal by corrosion with the assistance of turbulent flow is called flow accelerated corrosion (FAC). Flow accelerated corrosion is the most common and continuous corrosion reaction in combined cycle power plants (CCPP). Heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) drum pressure fluctuation and/or turbulent drum water greatly influences the FAC of drum and economizer. This kind of FAC was investigated in the low-pressure drum (LPD) and low-pressure economizer (LPE) of a 210 MW gas-fired combined cycle power plant (Four-unit HRSG & GT) with an air-cooled condenser (ACC). Severe FAC was observed due to the fluctuation of pressure in the LPD with respect to time. As a result, huge amounts of soluble iron (Fe2+) and insoluble (Fe3+) was found in all running HRSG’s LPD water. Due to pressure fluctuations in the LPD, a protective oxide layer (mostly magnetite), as well as the base metal, were corroded from the LPD and LPE even after carefully maintaining recently developed water cycle chemistry in this CCPP. Severe leakage was found in the LPE due to corrosion. The actual reason for the problem was found to be a malfunctioning steam-control valve in the turbine unit’s LP system. This valve was malfunctioning by suddenly opening to 100% and then closing to around 10% continuously. This malfunction creates enormous pressure drops in both the LPD and LPE units. It is understood that water turbulence is the main cause of FAC affecting the LDP and LPE. This assessment is based on chemical laboratory analysis and physical inspection. There was no non-destructive testing (NDT) performed in this study. The severe FAC happened in four days and for this reason, HRSG and steam turbines were shut down. Maintenance work on the control valve and flushing of the LPD and LPE successfully resolved the FAC problem. One week later, LPE leakage was found on the unit-3 HRSG and as reported in this study this was also found to be the result of FAC. From this case study, it is concluded that not only water quality but also water turbulence can create severe FAC problem.

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The Flow Accelerated Corrosion Engineer and the Working Relationship With Disciplines Within the Company’s Organization

ASME 2011 Power Conference, Volume 2 ◽

10.1115/power2011-55195 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Donald G. Gusso

Keyword(s):

Power Plants ◽

Fundamental Problem ◽

Combined Cycle ◽

Engineering System ◽

Protective Oxide ◽

Accelerated Corrosion ◽

Piping Systems ◽

On Line ◽

A Site ◽

Flow Accelerated Corrosion

Flow Accelerated Corrosion (FAC) is a fundamental problem for nuclear, fossil, and combined cycle power plants which can result in the loss of power generation, damage to equipment, and personnel injury. These documented events and failures have attracted the attention of utilities, industry groups, and regulatory agencies. The economic impact of FAC in terms of lost power, lost revenue, damaged equipment and components, and personnel injury has gained increased attention. The mechanism of FAC involves the formation and removal of the protective oxide layer from the inside surface of the pipe or equipment. This process occurs in carbon steel piping systems, tanks, and vessels. The FAC process is influenced by flow rate, pH, oxygen content, operating temperature, material of construction, and piping configuration. To oversee and manage Flow Accelerated Corrosion (FAC) in power plants, utilities have assigned personnel the responsibility to manage the FAC program either at the corporate level or a site representative or both. One of the keys in managing FAC is the relationship, interface, and communication with the other disciplines within the organization. Some of these disciplines include Management, Operations, Maintenance, Design Engineering, System Engineering, Water Chemistry, Plant Documentation, and Non-Destructive Examination (NDE). Their responsibilities within the organization and to each other are critical in keeping the plant on-line and minimizing personnel injury. In addition, it is the foundation for maintaining an effective Flow Accelerated Corrosion Program. These relationships and responsibilities within the FAC Program will be discussed in this paper.

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