scholarly journals The role of tradition and innovations in the development of the primary education theory in Azerbaijan (1920-1931)

2021 ◽  
pp. 654-672
Author(s):  
Aytekin Mammadova
Keyword(s):  
Primary Education ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
General Decline ◽  
Education Theory ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Function

The study of the history of primary education in Azerbaijan expands the boundaries of pedagogical thinking. The re-introduction of the progressive aspects of the historical and pedagogical heritage of the 20th century into scientific circles plays an important role in the formation of modern educational culture. Historical and pedagogical heritage is a source of renewal of pedagogical knowledge, acquisition of qualitatively new content, as well as its sustainability. It is important to study the history of primary education, as it helps to solve two problems that are closely related to each other. Firstly, what happened when one first examined the historical pedagogical heritage? How did it happen? Why did it happen and what was the result? What was the significance of what happened during that period and further development? Secondly, by referring to the historical pedagogical heritage, it is possible to understand the theory and practice of today's education, the problems of modern pedagogical thinking and worldview. The article examines and compares the role of tradition and innovation in the development of the theory of primary education in Azerbaijan in the 1920s. For this purpose, the article analyzes the educational technologies used in that period, general scientific approaches, curricula and content of textbooks prepared for primary schools, and quality criteria in teacher training. It is argued that this period was politically complex, economically difficult, characterized by a general decline in the common cultural and educational level of the population, but was interesting in terms of the building of a new society and a new state. Reforms in the field of education in Russia were repeated in Azerbaijan. Although experiments in the field of education were aimed at raising the cultural level of society, eliminating illiteracy, establishing new approaches to education, innovations (application of "complex" approach, use of active learning methods, application of project method, etc.), they did not improve the quality of education. The introduction of innovations sometimes led to the denial and oblivion of traditions. The new teaching methods applied in Azerbaijani schools without any expertise, as they were brought from European and American schools, created serious problems in the formation of education because the new technology denied the tradition. The class-lesson system with strict regulations, exhaustive structure and function, and rich traditions were replaced by the laboratory-brigade method. The results of incorrect experiments became a serious obstacle to the development of education. For this reason, in the early 1930s, official government decisions banned experiments that hindered the development of education.

scholarly journals About the Role of Hermeneutic Analysis of the Heuristic Potential of J. A. Comenius’ Philosophical and Educational Project

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
С.М. Марчукова
Keyword(s):  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Medieval Philosophy ◽  
Educational Project ◽  
History Of ◽  
Science And Education ◽  
Pedagogical Research ◽  
And Function

В методологии современного педагогического исследования принципы герменевтического круга и герменевтической спирали, с одной стороны, способствуют пониманию конкретного знания после предварительного ознакомления с тенденциями развития абстрактного научно-теоретического знания, с другой стороны, способны стать основными структурными элементами, связывающими педагогическую науку и практику (В. В. Краевский). В статье обоснована актуальность использования герменевтического метода для раскрытия эвристического потенциала философско-образовательного проекта Я. А. Коменского, его связи с философской традицией, основы которой заложены в философии и педагогике античности и средневековья. Использование метода герменевтический спирали, «витки» которой отражают связь наследия Коменского с педагогической мыслью этих эпох, позволяет понять, что методология комениологических исследований опирается не на педагогический опыт XVII века, а на фундаментальные основания педагогической науки. Современное осмысление места философско-образовательного проекта Коменского в контексте истории науки и образования способствует соединению двух линий в комениологических исследованиях — педагогической и психологической (Днепров, 1997), развитию эвристического и прогностического аспектов историко-педагогического знания (В. Г. Безрогов, Б. М. Бим-Бад, М. В. Богуславский, Э. Д. Днепров, И. А. Колесникова, Г. Б. Корнетов, А. С. Степанова и др.). В статье приведены примеры изучения трудов Я. А. Коменского разных лет с помощью принципов герменевтического круга и герменевтической спирали. Историко-научный контекст, позволяющий иллюстрировать ретроспективу тенденций дифференциации и интеграции в истории развития образования, определяет новизну исследования. Выявление «эвристичности герменевтического круга» (Ю. С. Сенько) для становления нового педагогического мышления и развития гуманитарного аспекта педагогических технологий составляет теоретическую и практическую значимость исследования для системы высшего педагогического образования и практики работы школы. Раскрытие эвристического потенциала философско-образовательного проекта Я. А. Коменского призвано способствовать развитию отечественной комениологии как одного из фундаментальных направлений историко-педагогической науки. The principles of the hermeneutic cycle and the hermeneutic spiral typical of modern pedagogical research ensure acquisition of practical knowledge through abstract, theoretical cognition and function as structural elements that secure connections between pedagogical theory and practice (V. V. Krayevsky). The article accounts for the relevance of employing the hermeneutic method to unveil the heuristic potential of J. A. Comenius’s philosophical and educational project, to highlight its rootedness in ancient and medieval philosophy and pedagogy. Employing the method of the hermeneutic spiral, whose turns highlight the connections between J. A. Comenius’ legacy and ancient and medieval pedagogy, one can realize that the methodology of comeniological research rests on the fundamental principles of pedagogy rather than on the principles of pedagogy of the 17th century. The modern interpretation of J. A. Comenius’ philosophical and educational project in the context of history of science and education contributes to the integration of pedagogical and psychological aspects of comeniological research (Dneprov, 1997), facilitates the development of the heuristic and prognostic aspects of history of pedagogy (V. G. Bezrogov, B. M. Bim-Bad, M. V. Boguslavsky, E. D. Dneprov, I. A. Kolesnikova, G. B. Kornetov, A. S. Stepanova and others). The article focuses on the application of the principles of the hermeneutic cycle and the hermeneutic spiral to the investigation of J. A. Comenius’s works. The novelty of the research is accounted for by the fact that the tendencies of differentiation and integration are viewed through the prism of historical context. The theoretical significance and the practical value of the research consist in the investigation of the heuristic potential of the hermeneutic cycle (Yu. S. Senko) for modern pedagogical thinking and further humanization of pedagogical technologies. The investigation of the heuristic potential of J. A. Comenius’ philosophical and educational project ensures the development of Russian comeniology as a branch of history of pedagogy

COMPETENCY-BASED EDUCATION: THEORY AND PRACTICE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tacettin Açıkgöz ◽  
Mustafa Cem Babadoğan
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods Research ◽  
Traditional Education ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Formative Assessments ◽  
Competency Based Education ◽  
Education Theory ◽  
History Of ◽  
Competency Based ◽  
Convergent Design ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This study aimed to reach a pro on Competency-Based Education (CBE) through the opinions of Educational Sciences experts and to review the literature on CBE. In this study, convergent design, one of the mixed methods research, was used, and a semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data. The sample was selected through convenience sampling and consisted of 28 participants. In the study, the documents related to National and International Qualifications Frameworks, history of CBE, its comparison with traditional education, its implementation, and the challenges of CBE practices are reviewed. The findings revealed that there is a conceptual consensus among the experts on the concepts of skill and learning outcome, but no agreement on the use of “competence,” “proficiency,” and “qualification.” The study showed that the experts adopt the most up-to-date definitions of CBE, but it is often confused with Proficiency-Based Education. The study revealed that CBE focuses on the demonstration of competence when considering students’ progress and measures it by formative assessments and that, in CBE, students’ learning gaps are eliminated by supporting them at each stage.

Demystifying Constructivism

2011 ◽  
pp. 493-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Adams
Keyword(s):  
Learning Environments ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Constructivist Learning ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Constructivist Pedagogy ◽  
Seven Principles ◽  
Educational Professionals ◽  
History Of

This chapter introduces constructivism as a pedagogical construct from which educational professionals might begin to analyse new technology exploiting learning-teaching interactions. Following a brief history of constructivism as both epistemology and pedagogy it presents an overview of published literature through an analysis of the characteristics of constructivist learning and learning environments and the characteristics of constructivist teachers. Finally, seven principles by which teachers might begin to analyse practice are proposed and discussed via the deconstruction of three fictional, new technology exploiting, learning-teaching vignettes. In this way it is hoped that educators in a variety of contexts will be able to engage in reflection concerning the theory and practice of constructivist pedagogy as related to personally held professional positions.

Theories of Play and Their Relation to School Social Counseling

2021 ◽  
pp. 663-680
Author(s):  
Zeinab Arees ◽  
Osama Mohamed ◽  
Mirna Dalala
Keyword(s):  
Primary Schools ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Social Counseling ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Research Studies

This research studies how play theories contribute to social counseling in schools through using methods and strategies of play according to those theories in school social counseling, and this study aims to identify the relationship between play theories and school social counseling, identify the concept of play, its importance, characteristics, and social dimensions, learning about play theories, and the use of play in school social counseling. The important finding of research is that the relationship of play theories with school social counseling appears between theory and practice applying play theories for school social counseling. The recommendations that the authors provide in this research for school social counseling are the necessity of activating the role of playing in school social counseling, increase the use of play counseling as an effective method, and increase the number of social counselors in primary schools to improve their performance in counseling.

Theories of Play and Their Relation to School Social Counseling

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 46-61
Author(s):  
Zeinab Arees ◽  
Osama Mohamed ◽  
Mirna Dalala
Keyword(s):  
Primary Schools ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Social Counseling ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Research Studies

This research studies how play theories contribute to social counseling in schools through using methods and strategies of play according to those theories in school social counseling, and this study aims to identify the relationship between play theories and school social counseling, identify the concept of play, its importance, characteristics, and social dimensions, learning about play theories, and the use of play in school social counseling. The important finding of research is that the relationship of play theories with school social counseling appears between theory and practice applying play theories for school social counseling. The recommendations that the authors provide in this research for school social counseling are the necessity of activating the role of playing in school social counseling, increase the use of play counseling as an effective method, and increase the number of social counselors in primary schools to improve their performance in counseling.

scholarly journals The Role of Enabling Technologies in Transformative Innovation

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1293-1302
Author(s):  
Tucker Marion ◽  
John Friar
Keyword(s):  
Technology Development ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Evolutionary Model ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Multiple Generations ◽  
Enabling Technologies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Technology Market

AbstractThis study is an exploratory analysis of enabling technologies’ influence on the trajectory of industry development using a co-evolutionary model of technology development. When combined, enabling technologies can create new technology-market industry cycles, resulting in transformative innovation. The research approach of this empirical study is to use both primary and secondary data to create a history of the robotics industry and to explore the pre and post changes in the industry from the inclusion of enabling technologies over multiple generations. We propose a new model for understanding the theoretical and practical study of technology development through the lens of enabling technologies and their development and maturity cycles.

Continuity in change: A history of radio for national development

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-234
Author(s):  
Gilbert K. M. Tietaah ◽  
Margaret I. Amoakohene ◽  
Marquita S. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Communication Theory ◽  
National Development ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Development Communication ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Paradigm Shifts ◽  
Liberal Pluralism ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control

In this article, we assert and demonstrate a particular and enduring adaptability of radio in tandem with observable temporal shifts in development communication theory and practice in Africa. Specifically, we use the historical research method to explore and explain the ideological discourses, polity contours and social forces that have overlain the role of radio as both an index and an instrument of development in Ghana. The evidence reveals that radio has transitioned through three key milestones in how the technology has been appropriated and applied to national development efforts: from transplantation, through transmission, to transaction. Each of these phases coincides, incidentally, with paradigm shifts in development communication theorizing: from modernization through diffusion to participation. They also coincide, broadly, with three distinctive epochs of ideological shifts in the historical accounting on radio for development in Ghana: from British imperial hegemony, through post-independence command-and-control, to contemporary liberal pluralism.

Reviews: La Politique de la Solitude: Essai Sur la Philosophie Politique de J.-J. Rousseau, Rousseau and Nationalism, The Concept of Justice, Staat Und Souveränität, Band 1: Die Grundlagen, Representation, Equality, Governing without Consensus; An Irish Perspective, Ulster; A Case Study in Conflict Theory, Parliament and Congress, Administrative Theory and Public Administration, Management in Government, Studies in The Growth of Nineteenth-Century Government, The Price of Amenity: Five Studies in Conservation and Government, State Enterprise: Business or Politics?, Politics, Finance and the Role of Economics: An Essay on the Control of Public Enterprise, Bureaucracy and Representative Government, Le Pouvoir Et Les Groupes de Pression: Etude de la Structure Politique Du Capitalisme, Comparative Communist Politics, Studies in Opposition, Latin American Legislatures: Their Role and Influence, Israel's Parliament: The Law of the Knesset, The Nigerian Army, The Nigerian Military, Ibo Politics. The Role of Ethnic Unions in Eastern Nigeria, Nigeria: Crisis and Beyond, The Road to Aba, The Structure of Canadian Government, The Government of Canada, Four African Political Systems, The German Dictatorship, A Social History of the Third Reich, A History of the People's Democracies, Eastern Europe since Stalin, The Czechoslovak Reform Movement, Das Regierungssystem Der Schweiz, Reapportionment in the 1970s, Peasant Wars of the Twentieth Century, National Liberation: Revolution in the Third World, Theory and Practice of Modern Guerrilla Warfare, Robert Owen: Prophet of the Poor. Essays in Honour of the Two Hundredth Anniversary of His Birth, Gandhi, Selected Writings of Mahatma Gandhi, The Age of Lloyd George, The Case of Walter Bagehot, The Long Retreat: A Short History of British Defence Policy 1945–1970, Foreign Policy and the Political Process, toward a Politics of the Planet Earth, The Foreign Policy System of Israel, The Conduct of Soviet Foreign Policy, the Administration of American Foreign Policy, Making Peace, the Search for Peace, Alliance in International Politics, International Co-Operation Today

1972 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-381
Author(s):  
David R. Cameron ◽  
M. H. Lessnoff ◽  
D. F. S. Scott ◽  
Dennis Kavanagh ◽  
Basil Chubb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Third Reich ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Public Enterprise ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
The Third ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Correlation between Philosophy and Theory of State and Law

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Grygor ◽  
Yuri Krysiuk ◽  
Angela Boyko ◽  
Vadim Zubov ◽  
Igor Sinegub
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Theoretical Aspect ◽  
The State ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Philosophy Of Law ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Theory Of Law ◽  
The Relationship

At first glance, the relationship between philosophy and theory of law is not applied but is considered a purely theoretical aspect. This thesis is not correct due to the adoption of the European legal standard of human and civil rights, the role of philosophy of law, the foundations of the theory of state and law in the training of lawyers, the formation of future lawyers of high philosophical and methodological culture.In this article, based on the analysis of the history of philosophy of law and the general theory of state and law and their development, the authors justify as an autonomous status in the jurisprudence of the two disciplines, their relationship and vice versa - differences.To do this, the authors explored the historical excursion of world philosophical and legal thought, grouped scientific and theoretical views on the relationship between philosophy of law and theory of state and law and provided an argument for the close intersection of philosophy of law and theory of state and law, mobility between scientific disciplines.Close contact between philosophy and jurisprudence contributes to the understanding of law not only as a function of the state but also the essence of human spirituality.The authors concluded that the in-depth study of scientific and theoretical aspects of the relationship between philosophy, philosophy of law and theory of state and law is the result of bridging the gap between theory and practice and will further focus on expanding the interaction of philosophy, theory and law results of the functioning of the state and law.Emphasizing the relevance of the topic in terms of bridging the significant gap between theory and practice, between the declarative provisions of laws and their actual implementation, the legal, scientific community is increasingly expanding to enter the plane of the practical application of philosophical - theoretical thought.

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