scholarly journals Incompatible pollen tubes in the plum style and their impact on fertilization success

Genetika ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 411-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Djordjevic ◽  
Radosav Cerovic ◽  
Sanja Radicevic ◽  
Dragan Nikolic
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Fertilization Success ◽  
The Self ◽  
Open Pollination ◽  
Prunus Domestica ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
Incompatible Pollen ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
Upper Third

The pistils of plum (Prunus domestica L.) cv. ?Cacanska Lepotica? were self- and cross-pollinated in order to investigate occurrence of incompatible pollen tubes in the style, and their impact on fertilization success. The investigation also included open pollination variant. The highest percentage of these stopped the growth in the upper third of the style. Under cross-pollination variant, 15.4% and 12.1% of pollen tubes observed in the upper part of the style in the first and the second years of study, respectively, were found incompatible. In view of the above parameters, in the self- pollination variant, 15.0% and 17.0% of pollen tubes were found incompatible by years. As for the open pollination, percentages of incompatible pollen tubes in the upper part of the style by years were 14.0% and 14.4%, respectively. The occurrence of incompatible pollen tubes did not influence the fertilization success in these pollination variants.

Breeding System and Pollination Levels of Banksia ericifolia

1991 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 365 ◽  
Author(s):  
RL Goldingay ◽  
SM Schibeci ◽  
BA Walker
Keyword(s):  
Breeding System ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
The Self ◽  
Open Pollination ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
Full Complement ◽  
Banksia Ericifolia

Experiments were carefully designed to determine the breeding system of Banksia ericifolia L.f. An equivalent percentage of flowers (78%) contained pollen tubes following self-pollination and open-pollination while a significantly smaller percentage of flowers in an autogamy treatment (44%) and cross-pollination treatment (55%) contained pollen tubes. Significantly more of the inflorescences in the open-pollination (60%) and cross-pollination (33%) treatments produced fruit compared with those in the self-pollination (11%) and autogamy treatments (13%). We suggest that B. ericifolia is largely self-incompatible because fruit production did not reflect pollen tube abundances. The influence of pollination levels on fruit production was determined by reducing the number of flowers on an inflorescence to 100 (i.e. 10% of original) or fewer and hand-pollinating these with cross pollen. There was no difference in fruit production between inflorescences with reduced flower number and open-pollinated inflorescences which had their full complement of flowers. Thus, the ability of an inflorescence to produce fruit appears more likely to be determined by the type of pollen received (cross versus self) rather than by the number of pollinated flowers it contains.

scholarly journals Cytological Observation and Transcriptome Comparative Analysis of Self-Pollination and Cross-Pollination in Dendrobium Officinale

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 432
Author(s):  
Yaling Chen ◽  
Benchang Hu ◽  
Fantao Zhang ◽  
Xiangdong Luo ◽  
Jiankun Xie
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
The Self ◽  
Dendrobium Officinale ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Cytological Observation ◽  
Lectin Receptor ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
Medicinal Value

Dendrobium officinale is a rare and traditional medicinal plant with high pharmacological and nutritional value. The self-incompatibility mechanism of D. officinale reproductive isolation was formed in the long-term evolution process, but intraspecific hybridization of different germplasm resources leads to a large gap in the yield, quality, and medicinal value of D. officinale. To investigate the biological mechanism of self-incompatibility in D. officinale, cytological observation and the transcriptome analysis was carried out on the samples of self-pollination and cross-pollination in D. officinale. Results for self-pollination showed that the pollen tubes could grow in the style at 2 h, but most of pollen tubes stopped growing at 4 h, while a large number of cross-pollinated pollen tubes grew along the placental space to the base of ovary, indicating that the self-incompatibility of D. officinale may be gametophyte self-incompatibility. A total of 63.41 G basesum of D. officinale style samples from non-pollinated, self-pollination, and cross-pollination by RNA-seq were obtained, and a total of 1944, 1758, and 475 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the comparison of CK (non-pollinated) vs. HF (cross-pollination sample), CK vs. SF (self-pollination sample) and SF vs. HF were identified, respectively. Forty-one candidate genes related to self-incompatibility were found by function annotation of DEGs, including 6 Ca2+ signal genes, 4 armed repeat containing (ARC) related genes, 11 S-locus receptor kinase (SRK) related genes, 2 Exo70 family genes, 9 ubiquitin related genes, 1 fatty acid related gene, 6 amino acid-related genes, 1 pollen-specific leucine-rich repeat extensin-like protein (LRX) related gene and 1 lectin receptor-like kinases (RLKs) related gene, showed that self-incompatibility mechanism of D. officinale involves the interaction of multiple genes and pathways. The results can provide a basis for the study of the self-incompatibility mechanism of D. officinale, and provide ideas for the preservation and utilization of high-quality resources of D. officinale.

scholarly journals Pollen tube growth and fruit set in quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. e0702
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Radovic ◽  
Radosav Cerovic ◽  
Dragan Milatovic ◽  
Dragan Nikolic
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
The Self ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Open Pollination ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
High Yields

Aim of study: To determine the self-compatibility level of eight quince cultivars.Area of study: The region of Belgrade (Central Serbia).Material and methods: Pollen tube growth in vivo and fruit set in two pollination variants (self- and open-pollination) were studied in eight quince cultivars. The quantitative parameters of pollen tube growth (average number of pollen tubes in the upper and middle third of the style, base of the style and in the ovary; the dynamics of pollen tube growth through these parts of the pistil) was determined using the fluorescence microscopy.Main results: The parameters of pollen tube growth and fruit set were primarily dependent on the genotype and variants of pollination. All studied parameters were significantly higher in the open-pollination variant compared with the self-pollination in all cultivars. In the self-pollination variant, ʻLeskovackaʼ and ʻVranjskaʼ had the highest number of pollen tubes that penetrated the ovary (2.10 and 0.54 in average, respectively), as well as the largest percentage of pistils with the penetration of pollen tubes in the nucellus of ovules six days after pollination (40.09% and 14.74%). Also, they had the highest percentage of initial fruit set (17.01% and 28.52%) and final fruit set (9.32% and 9.86%). Based on this, ʻLeskovackaʼ and ʻVranjskaʼ can be classified as self-compatible cultivars, while the others are self-incompatible.Research highlights: The majority of quince cultivars were self-incompatible. When establishing new orchards with these cultivars, care should be taken about the choice of pollenisers in order to achieve high yields.

Late-acting self-incompatibility in tea plant (Camellia sinensis)

Biologia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Chen ◽  
Shan Hao ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Wanping Fang ◽  
Yuhua Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Tea Plant ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
Hand Pollination ◽  
Pollen Tube Elongation

AbstractThe self-incompatibility of tea plant (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) was studied with the methods of aniline blue fluorescence assay and paraffin sections. The characteristics of pollen tube elongation after hand pollination was analyzed in 4 tea cultivars, including ‘Keemenzhong’, ‘Longjing-changye’, ‘Fuding-dabaicha’ and ‘Yabukita’, under self-pollination and cross-pollination, respectively. Although there were some difference among cultivars, pollen tubes elongated through the style and reach the ovary successfully at 48 h after pollination for both cross- and self-pollen tubes in all the four cultivars of tea. Pollen tubes entered into the ovule micropyles, however, only for cross-pollination, but not for self-pollination. Pollen tubes of selfing plants, failed in fertilizing, seemed have some difficulties to enter the ovule. All of which indicated that the self-incompatibility of tea plant is a late-acting self-incompatibility system (LSI) or an ovarian sterility (OS), in which the self incompatibility was due to none self pollen tube penetrating into the ovule and no fertilization.

scholarly journals Preliminary evaluation of pollen quality, fertility relations and fruit set of selected sour cherry cultivars in polish conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Szpadzik ◽  
Ewa Jadczuk-Tobjasz ◽  
Barbara Łotocka
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Open Pollination ◽  
Pollen Quality ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
Self Pollination

Preliminary experiments were carried out in spring 2006. The percentage of fruit set of 'Schattenmorelle IR-2', 'Koral', 'Debreceni Bötermö', 'újfefértói Fürtos' and 'Karneol' was higher after open pollination compared with self-pollination. The cultivar Vowi had an inconsiderably higher percentage of fruit set after self-pollination compared with open pollination. The percentage of fruit set in 'Debreceni Bötermö' and 'újfehértói Fürtos' was about 25 % higher after pollination by 'Schattenmorelle IR-2' and 'Koral' compared with the percentage of fruit set after cross - pollination of both cultivars with each other. In general, they did not appear to be good pollinators with each other. The highest quality of pollen was observed for the following cultivars: 'Schattenmorelle IR-2', 'Koral' and Vowi and the lowest result was obtained in 'újfehértói Fürtos'. The highest yield was given by the following cultivars: Vowi, Schattenmorelle IR-2 and Koral.

scholarly journals Two Self-Incompatibility Sites Occur Simultaneously in the Same Acianthera Species (Orchidaceae, Pleurothallidinae)

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1758
Author(s):  
Mariana Oliveira Duarte ◽  
Denise Maria Trombert Oliveira ◽  
Eduardo Leite Borba
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
The Self ◽  
Main Reaction ◽  
Reaction Site ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
Incompatible Pollen ◽  
Plant Groups ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Incompatibility System ◽  
Cytological Characteristics

In most species of Pleurothallidinae, the self-incompatibility site occurs in the stylar canal inside the column, which is typical of gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI). However, in some species of Acianthera, incompatible pollen tubes with anomalous morphology reach the ovary, as those are obstructed in the column. We investigated if a distinct self-incompatibility (SI) system is acting on the ovary of A. johannensis, which is a species with partial self-incompatibility, contrasting with a full SI species, A. fabiobarrosii. We analyzed the morphology and development of pollen tubes in the column, ovary, and fruit using light, epifluorescence, and transmission electron microscopy. Our results show that the main reaction site in A. johannensis is in the stylar canal inside the column, which was also recorded in A. fabiobarrosii. Morphological and cytological characteristics of the pollen tubes with obstructed growth in the column indicated a process of programmed cell death in these tubes, showing a possible GSI reaction. In addition, partially self-incompatible individuals of A. johannensis exhibit a second SI site in the ovary. We suggest that this self-incompatibility site in the ovary is only an extension of GSI that acts in the column, differing from the typical late-acting self-incompatibility system recorded in other plant groups.

Outcrossing in interspecific hybrids between Eucalyptus spathulata and E. platypus

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 347 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. B. Wallwork ◽  
M. Sedgley
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Parent Species ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
Seed Maturity ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
Ovule Penetration ◽  
Zygotic Control

Outcrossing was investigated in interspecific hybrids between self-fertile Eucalyptus platypus Blakely and partially self-sterile E. spathulata Hook., which shows both pre- and post-zygotic timing. Four hybrid trees were used for the study, two with E. spathulata and two with E. platypus as female parent. Each hybrid had a similar number of locules to each other and to the E. platypus parent, and an intermediate number of ovules per flower compared with the parent species. Controlled hand-pollinations were carried out, in which both self- and cross-pollen from the other hybrid tree with the same female parent species was applied to flowers on each of the four trees, and observations were made 10days, 4weeks and 8weeks after pollination and at seed maturity. In all hybrids, mean seeds per capsule was consistently higher following cross-pollination than following self-pollination. All hybrids showed a reduction in pollen tube number between the top and base of the style when examined by fluorescence microscopy. One tree had significantly fewer cross- than self-pollen tubes at the base of the style, but a similar number of ovules was penetrated by pollen tubes following both treatments. In the other three, there was no difference between cross- and self-pollination in pollen tubes in the style. In three of the four trees there was no difference in ovule penetration following self- or cross-pollination, but in the other, more crossed than selfed ovules were penetrated. Light-microscopy observation of ovules indicated that ovule abortion following fertilisation accounted for the reduced numbers of seeds following self-pollination and to a lesser extent following cross-pollination. All four hybrid trees, irrespective of female parent, were partially self-sterile and resembled the partially self-sterile E. spathulata rather than the self-fertile E. platypus. While the timing of outcrossing control of E. spathulata was both pre- and post-zygotic, only one hybrid was similar, with the other three showing post-zygotic control.

scholarly journals Blooming phenology and fertility of sour cherry cultivars selected in Hungary

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Nyéki ◽  
T. Szabó ◽  
Z. Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Flowering Phenology ◽  
The Self ◽  
Open Pollination ◽  
Bee Pollination ◽  
Bloom Period ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
Pollination Methods ◽  
Blooming Phenology

Experiments were conducted during the period between 1972 and 2002 at three sites in Hungary. At Érd 97, Helvetia 10, and Újfehértó, 3 cultivars were studied in variety collections. Observations were made on the blooming phenology (start, main time, end and length of the bloom period), on the blooming dynamics (the rate of the open flowers counted every day), on the receptivity of sexual organs, on the fruit set following self- and open-pollination and on the effect of association of varieties in the orchards (choice, rate and placement of pollinisers). Based on the results the rate of the overlap of the blooming times were calculated and varieties were assigned into five bloom time groups according to their main bloom. Self-fertility conditioned by natural self pollination was studied and good pollinisers were chosen (sweet, sour and duke cherry varieties) for the self-sterile and partially self-fertile varieties. The necessity of bee pollination was proved by different pollination methods: natural self-pollination, artificial self-pollination, open pollination. Summary: Experiments were conducted during the period between 1972 and 2002 at three sites in Hungary. At Érd 97, Helvetia 10, and Újfehértó, 3 cultivars were studied in variety collections. Observations were made on the flowering phenology (start, main time, end and length of the bloom period), on the flowering dynamics (the rate of the open flowers counted every day), on the receptivity of sexual organs, on the fruit set following self- and open-pollination and on the effect of association of varieties in the orchards (choice, rate and placement of pollinisers).

scholarly journals Pengaruh Teknik Penyerbukan Terhadap Pembentukan Buah Naga (Hylocereus polyrizhus) [The Effect of Pollination Technique to Fruit Development of Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrizhus)]

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Putu Indriyani ◽  
NFN Hardiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
The Other ◽  
Open Pollination ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Flower Pollination ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Pollination Control ◽  
Fruit Plants

<p>Bunga tanaman buah naga berukuran besar dan merupakan bunga hermaprodit yang mekar pada malam hari. Penyerbukan silang pada buah naga dapat terjadi dengan bantuan angin, serangga polinator maupun manusia. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh teknik penyerbukan bunga betina terhadap pembuahan buah naga (Hylocereus polyrizhus). Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Aripan, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Tropika pada bulan Agustus sampai September 2014. Perlakuan terdiri atas: (A) penyerbukan secara alami (kontrol), (B) penyerbukan sendiri melalui isolasi bunga dengan kantong kertas minyak, (C) penyerbukan dengan mengisolasi bunga menggunakan kantong kertas minyak saat mekar pada malam hari dibantu dengan memberikan serbuk sari dari bunganya sendiri dan diisolasi kembali, dan (D) penyerbukan bunga yang didahului dengan kastrasi dan isolasi menggunakan kantong kertas minyak serta polinasi pada malam hari dan selanjutnya bunga diisolasi kembali. Setiap perlakuan terdiri atas 37 bunga tanaman buah naga. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji t berpasangan pada taraf 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknik penyerbukan yang berbeda pada tanaman buah naga menghasilkan kelas buah yang berbeda. Persentase buah dengan kelas super tertinggi diperoleh pada penyerbukan secara alami (kontrol), meskipun persentase jadi buah paling kecil. Implikasi dari hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa penyerbukan pada buah naga sebaiknya dilakukan secara alami tanpa menggunakan bantuan manusia.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p>Buah naga; Penyerbukan; Pembuahan; <em>Self compatible</em></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>The flower size of dragon fruit plants is large and a hermaphroditic nocturnal flowers. Cross pollination of the dragon fruit plants occurs because of the wind, pollinator, and humans. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of pollination technique on  fertilization of dragon fruit flowers (Hylocereus polyrizhus). This research was conducted at Aripan Experimental Field, Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute (ITFRI) from August to September 2014. The treatments consisted of: (A) natural open pollination (control), (B) the flowers were isolated with paper bags and allowed to self pollination, (C) the flowers were isolated with paper bag and hand self pollinated when flowers were blooming in the evening. Furthermore all pollinated flowers were isolated with paper bag again (hand self pollination), and (D) the flowers were castrated and emasculated then they were isolated with paper bag. Cross pollination was done with pollen from the other plants. The all pollinated flowers were isolated with paper bag again (hand cross pollination). Each treatment consisted of 37 flowers of dragon fruit plants. Data were analyzed by using paired  t test 0.05. The results showed that different of pollination techniques on dragon fruit plants were produced of different fruit grade. Percentage of superior grade on natural open pollination  higher than the other treatment, even though the open pollination had smallest of percentage of  fruit set. The implication of this research is that the dragon fruit flower pollination may be done naturally without human assistance.</p>

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